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The report examines urban flooding in five cities across Ghana, South Africa, and Kenya, highlighting the vulnerability of informal settlements to climate-exacerbated rainfall and poor urban planning. It compares the maturity of South African cities in integrating EbA into policy against the more response-oriented, 'grey' infrastructure bias in Kenyan cities. Key findings emphasize that collaborative, whole-of-society governance and the integration of green and grey infrastructure are most effective for long-term resilience.

The NAP Global Network's 2020-2021 progress report highlights its efforts to accelerate climate adaptation in developing countries, particularly LDCs and SIDS. Key achievements include supporting 20 countries with their first Adaptation Communications (ADCOMs), expanding short-term technical assistance via the Country Support Hub, and advancing thematic work on gender-responsive planning and monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL). The Network's 2025 strategy focuses on transitioning from planning to implementation and enhancing inclusive, locally led adaptation.

The NAP Global Network's 2020-2021 report highlights a shift toward short-term technical assistance via its Country Support Hub and a focus on transitioning from adaptation planning to implementation. Key achievements include supporting 20 countries with their first Adaptation Communications (ADCOMs), facilitating peer learning on gender-responsive action and conflict-sensitive planning, and developing knowledge products on climate and disaster risk finance and insurance (CDRFI). The Network's 2025 strategy emphasizes enhancing monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) systems and elevating underrepresented voices, particularly women, in adaptation decision-making.

The document argues that while ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) is a cost-effective pillar of nature-based solutions, it remains underused due to economic paradigms, lack of political will, and financing gaps. It positions the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process as the primary strategic vehicle to mainstream EbA across sectors and levels of government. The guide provides eight guiding principles for integration, ranging from using ecosystem-level vulnerability assessments to ensuring long-term financing and inclusive, participatory planning.

The document argues that ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) is a cost-effective pillar of nature-based solutions that can strengthen human and ecological resilience. It identifies barriers to scaling EbA—such as economic paradigms, lack of political will, and financing gaps—and proposes that the NAP process provides the necessary intersectoral and multi-level framework to overcome these. The briefing outlines eight guiding principles for integrating EbA into the NAP phases of planning, implementation, and monitoring, emphasizing the need for inclusive, long-term, and evidence-based approaches.

The analysis of 19 National Adaptation Plan (NAP) documents examines the integration of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) as a tool for climate resilience. It highlights that EbA, as a nature-based solution, provides multiple benefits including biodiversity protection, food security, and improved health, and suggests that NAP processes offer a strategic framework and potential financial resources for scaling these approaches.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) emphasizes the critical role of coral reefs in climate resilience and mitigation, noting that 1.5°C of warming could cause a 70-90% decline in reefs. The GCF highlights the 'widening financing gap' for these ecosystems and supports the Global Fund for Coral Reefs' goal of using blended finance to catalyze private investment for vulnerable countries, including SIDS and LDCs. The GCF cites its Blue Action Fund project in the Western Indian Ocean as an example of its current investment in marine ecosystems.

The project aims to protect 22 surface Strategic Water Source Areas (SWSAs) that supply 50% of the region's water. It proposes a $20 million investment ($10 million from GCF) to implement climate-responsive mapping, strengthen regulatory frameworks, rehabilitate catchments upstream of water infrastructure, and develop natural capital accounts. The initiative targets 5.8 million direct beneficiaries and seeks to mitigate risks from increasing droughts, rainfall variability, and invasive alien plants.

The report outlines a framework for Saint Lucia to mobilise domestic and international climate finance to build resilience. It identifies key funding sources, assesses the scale and type of existing project concepts, and defines the roles of government agencies, accredited entities, and the private sector in a cyclical financing process.

The NAP Costing Methodology (NAP-CM) is a pragmatic framework designed for Fiji's Ministry of Economy to produce rapid, comparable cost estimates for climate adaptation measures. It primarily employs a bottom-up engineering cost approach, adding individual activity costs to determine the total cost of a measure. The methodology is divided into two phases: Phase 1 focuses on rapid evaluation using a simple Excel tool, while Phase 2 allows for optional, advanced economic analyses such as cost-benefit analysis (CBA) for high-investment projects. The tool incorporates both 'calculated cost' and 'aggregate cost' approaches, handles discounting using a default rate of 5.75%, and includes mechanisms for sensitivity analysis and uncertainty adjustments. The methodology was tested through pilots in the agriculture and human settlements sectors, emphasizing the need for policy decisions to define the specific activities that constitute each general NAP measure.

The NAP Implementation Roadmap for Ethiopia details a strategic framework to reduce climate vulnerability from 2020 to 2030. It focuses on five implementation components: agriculture and water, natural resource management, health, livelihoods and social protection, climate services and adaptation technologies, and infrastructure. The roadmap identifies 18 adaptation options and five strategic priorities, emphasizing the mainstreaming of climate adaptation into national development plans like the Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP). Key goals include achieving food security by 2030 and expanding access to safe water. The document highlights significant capacity gaps at sub-national levels and the need for a resource mobilization strategy to meet an estimated implementation cost of USD 90 billion.

The strategy outlines a framework for Saint Lucia to mobilise domestic and international public and private finance to meet its climate adaptation goals. It identifies a current funding gap, noting that while the country has successfully accessed funds from the Adaptation Fund and GCF, many of its project concept notes are small-scale and require consolidation into larger programmes to attract major international donors. The document maps the roles of government ministries, accredited entities, and the private sector in a cyclical financing process involving priority definition, project elaboration, and monitoring.

The paper analyzes how Bangladesh, Malabon City (Philippines), and Cartagena (Colombia) have integrated climate adaptation into coastal development to bridge the 'implementation gap' between planning and action. It identifies key success factors including political will, legislative mandates, access to credible climate data, and the allocation of domestic funding. While Bangladesh has seen significant reductions in cyclone casualties and Colombia has leveraged private sector leadership, challenges such as political instability, fragmented information, and insufficient funding persist across the studied regions.

The paper examines nature-based solutions (NbS) in coastal cities across India, South Africa, Seychelles, and Tanzania, highlighting how integrating traditional knowledge and community empowerment can enhance urban resilience. It argues that for NbS to be effective in the Global South, they must be aligned with broader development agendas to address socio-economic inequalities and generate green jobs.

The document outlines a project preparation phase to design a larger intervention in northern Mauritania. It identifies severe desertification and water scarcity in the hubs of Aoujeft, Rachid, Tamchekett, and Nema. The proposed full project intends to implement ecosystem-based adaptation, land rehabilitation, and water management strategies to protect these regions and prevent the southward expansion of the Sahara.

The document examines the causes of annual flooding in Accra, Ghana, and advocates for the integration of nature-based solutions, specifically ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA), alongside traditional infrastructure. It highlights the need for coordinated management across municipal and district assemblies to address shared waterways and drainage systems.

The National Adaptation Plan Framework for Botswana provides a high-level strategic guide for integrating climate change adaptation into national and subnational development planning. It outlines a multi-sectoral approach emphasizing horizontal and vertical integration, ecosystem-based adaptation, and community-centered planning. The framework proposes a governance structure led by a National Climate Change Unit (NCCU) and a National Committee on Climate Change (NCCC), while prioritizing the needs of youth, women, and vulnerable groups. It also details strategies for mobilizing domestic and international climate finance and aligning the NAP with existing policies like Vision 2036 and NDP 11.

Nigeria’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Framework establishes a coordinated, sectoral approach to building climate resilience. It outlines an institutional structure led by the Department of Climate Change, emphasizing gender-responsiveness, youth engagement, and the integration of indigenous knowledge. The framework aims to align adaptation efforts with national development plans like the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan and international commitments under the UNFCCC's Cancun Adaptation Framework, while identifying pathways for domestic and international climate finance.

The report outlines a structured approach for Fiji to track 160 prioritized adaptation actions across five systems and five sectoral components. It proposes a two-part M&E methodology combining a simple 'traffic light' monitoring system for progress with a more complex process- and results-based evaluation for effectiveness. The framework emphasizes the need for interministerial coordination, the use of primary and secondary data sources, and the potential for an online National Adaptation Registry to centralize information. It also highlights the importance of aligning the NAP M&E with international commitments such as the Paris Agreement, Sustainable Development Goals, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction.

The project proposes a USD 45 million intervention to restore 50,648 hectares of degraded land and support land-based enterprises in four Kenyan counties. It aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 7.1 million tCO2eq and benefit 57,250 direct beneficiaries through climate-smart agriculture, reforestation, and the creation of 25,000 green jobs. The initiative focuses on three main components: enhancing climate-smart land practices, transforming rural livelihoods via green enterprises, and improving policy and climate information systems.