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This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the decline of water storage in the Canadian Prairies and advocates for natural water retention measures to mitigate the risks of floods and droughts exacerbated by climate change.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates the feasibility of tree planting in the Canadian prairie ecozone as a method to offset carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. It reviews international policies from the European Union, the United States, and Canada, while analyzing the environmental, economic, and social benefits of afforestation alongside the direct and opportunity costs involved.

This 1999 report analyzes the emergence of markets for global environmental services in Central America, focusing on the contrasting experiences of Costa Rica and El Salvador. It examines how these countries leverage international agreements, such as the Kyoto Protocol and biodiversity conventions, to mobilize financial resources for conservation and sustainable development through mechanisms like carbon credits and biodiversity-friendly coffee certification.

A fact sheet detailing the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) assessment of nature-based solutions (NbS) implemented by SUNCASA in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, projecting significant economic and environmental benefits between 2025 and 2050.

This fact sheet presents a Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) assessment of nature-based solutions (NbS) implemented by SUNCASA in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, projecting economic, social, and environmental benefits between 2025 and 2050.

This fact sheet describes the application of the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) methodology to two assets in Manitoba, Canada: Stephenfield Reservoir and Pelly's Lake. The assessment compares the costs of maintaining these natural and built assets against the capital and operational costs of replacing their services with 'grey' (engineered) infrastructure, while simulating baseline and climate change scenarios from 2019 to 2050.

This fact sheet describes the application of the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) methodology to the Saloum Delta in Senegal. The analysis, conducted by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in collaboration with Wetlands International – Africa (WIA) and the MAVA Foundation, provides a monetary valuation of ecosystem services and simulates the economic and environmental impacts of various development and conservation scenarios.

This report analyzes the relationship between international trade liberalization and sustainable development in Argentina during the 1990s. It examines how economic reforms, including the Convertibility Plan and the creation of Mercosur, influenced the country's export patterns and their subsequent environmental impacts, focusing specifically on the manufacturing sector and the intensification of agricultural production in the Pampas region.

Natural Justice submitted written comments to the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA) challenging the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the proposed Nairobi Expressway Project. The organization argues that the ESIA is fundamentally flawed due to the absence of a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), inadequate baseline data, a lack of alternatives analysis, and insufficient public participation, concluding that the report cannot serve as a reasonable basis for issuing an EIA Licence.

This policy briefing examines the ecological importance and governance challenges of the Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania and Kenya. It highlights that approximately 70% of the original forest cover has been lost due to deforestation and degradation, driven largely by population growth and a heavy reliance on biomass for energy. Despite a comprehensive policy framework and significant donor funding—including REDD+ initiatives—the document argues that governance failures, lack of state funding, and poor enforcement of local by-laws have hindered conservation efforts.

This document is a book of abstracts from the Science and Research Symposium, a segment of the first-ever Global Sustainable Blue Economy Conference (SBEC) held in Nairobi, Kenya, from November 26th to 28th, 2018. It compiles nearly seventy abstracts submitted by global scholars and practitioners, focusing on the role of scientific research, technology, and innovation in harnessing the Blue Economy sustainably. The abstracts are organized into thematic areas including sustainable resource use, climate action resilience, global connectivity and transportation, and sustainable cities, with an additional focus on human resource capacity.

This fact sheet from the Stockholm Environment Institute outlines the challenges facing smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa, specifically regarding food security, soil fertility, and water management. It proposes an integrated systems approach combining water harvesting, conservation agriculture, and 'productive sanitation'—the reuse of human excreta as fertilizer—to close yield gaps and build climate resilience.

This policy brief examines the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of sugarcane and jatropha biofuel production in Malawi, Mozambique, and Swaziland. Using an ecosystem services framework, the study analyzes trade-offs between biofuel feedstock production and other services like food security, carbon sequestration, and poverty alleviation, while also exploring the feasibility of ethanol for household cooking in urban Mozambique.

This report by the World Resources Institute provides an overview of the forests in the southern United States, detailing their ecological value, historical decline, and the projected drivers of change affecting their future. It emphasizes the role of private landowners, who own approximately 87 percent of the forest acreage, and explores various market-based and fiscal incentives to encourage sustainable management and conservation.

This policy brief examines the potential impacts of scaling up commercial switchgrass production in the United States, focusing on land-use changes, commodity prices, and environmental consequences.

This research paper uses spatial modeling to identify drivers of forest loss and predict future deforestation within six CARPE landscapes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 2015 and 2025.

This briefing from the World Resources Institute proposes a systematic approach and a matrix for analyzing the Indonesian forestry sector to identify violations of forest laws and regulations. It highlights the significant impact of illegal logging on Indonesia's forests and the need for integrated, updated data to combat these activities.

This research paper examines the role of economic valuation in improving the understanding and implementation of Watershed Development (WSD) in India. Using a case study of a project in Maharashtra implemented by the Watershed Organisation Trust (WOTR), the paper demonstrates the potential for positive net present value and benefit-cost ratios in WSD, while highlighting significant gaps in data consistency and the under-valuation of non-market co-benefits and climate change adaptation.

This research paper proposes a roadmap for scaling Trees Outside Forests (ToF) in India, noting that 80 million hectares could sequester 3.4 Gt CO2e by 2040. By analyzing policy incentives in Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, and Telangana, the paper recommends landscape-level restoration plans, support for traditional ToF research, and targeted interventions for women and marginalized groups.

Bruno Mariani's company, Symbiosis Investimentos, uses scientific silviculture—including genetic improvement and cloning—to restore degraded pastureland in Bahia, Brazil, with native Atlantic Forest species. By treating native tree cultivation as a high-productivity business, the model aims to provide an economic alternative to low-yield cattle ranching, offering a 14% annual return on investment while enhancing biodiversity and sequestering carbon.