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The report argues that renewable energy projects in energy-scarce areas, specifically refugee camps, often overlook the potential to provoke or exacerbate conflict due to unequal energy access. An analysis of 11 projects in Kenya's Kakuma Refugee Camp reveals that conflict potential is rarely discussed and data on resulting tensions is lacking. The authors recommend local community engagement and stakeholder inclusion to mitigate these risks.

The document outlines a readiness proposal for Ecuador to overcome barriers in climate finance, specifically targeting the limited capacity of local financial institutions to integrate ESG standards, the lack of climate-resilient mechanisms in Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), and institutional gaps in accessing international finance. The proposed solution involves four workstreams: strengthening local financial institutions' ESG integration, building government capacity for green bonds and debt-for-climate swaps, developing a National Green Taxonomy, and creating a strategic framework for climate-smart PPPs. The project will be implemented by the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) over 18 months, focusing on the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) and the Ministry of Environment, Water and Ecological Transition (MAATE).

The proposal outlines a 24-month program to address five key barriers to climate finance and mitigation in Paraguay. It focuses on developing a National SLCP Strategy, strengthening the accreditation process for Sudameris Bank and the Agencia Financiera de Desarrollo (AFD), creating a Private Sector Engagement Strategy for the AFOLU sector, updating the national MRV system, and developing a high-quality GCF project concept note.

The Government of Nicaragua is seeking a USD 733,082 grant to overcome fiscal constraints and institutional gaps that hinder the implementation of its low-carbon development goals. The proposal identifies two primary barriers: limited government capacity to integrate climate considerations into financial planning and the inability of local financial institutions to apply environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards. To address these, the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) will implement four workstreams: developing a National Climate Finance Roadmap, preparing for sovereign Green, Social, and Sustainability (GSS) bond issuances, creating a debt-for-climate swap strategy, and 'greening' the domestic banking sector. The project aims to diversify funding sources beyond decreasing Official Development Assistance (ODA) and high-cost debt, targeting a 24-month implementation period.

The case study describes the installation of an off-grid solar photovoltaic system in the village of Ned, Datal Bonglangon, in South Cotabato, Philippines. Supported by the Legal Rights and Natural Resources Center and Friends of the Earth International, the project provides essential lighting to 46 of 60 planned households and a community charging station. The initiative is framed as a move toward energy sovereignty for the T’boli-Manobo people, who face threats from industrial coffee plantations and proposed coal power plants, and as a model for low-carbon development in remote areas.

The proposal seeks USD 2,545,711 over 36 months to address fiscal vulnerabilities and institutional gaps in the Dominican Republic. Key initiatives include developing a National Climate Finance Strategy, preparing for sovereign green bond issuance, implementing debt-for-climate swaps, and establishing a National Financing Vehicle. The program also aims to green the banking sector, integrate climate criteria into public-private partnerships (PPPs), develop a National Ecotourism Strategy, and create 436,065 green jobs through vocational training. Additionally, it provides technical support to accredit two national entities as GCF Direct Access Entities.

The document examines the evolution of disaster risk reduction (DRR) from a reactive emergency response model to a proactive strategy focused on reducing vulnerability and exposure. It highlights the disproportionate impact of disasters in countries with poor infrastructure, such as Haiti compared to Chile, and emphasizes the economic benefits of proactive investment, citing Bangladesh as an example. The brief traces the international policy trajectory from the 1960s through the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, noting a growing integration between DRR and climate change adaptation. It specifically advocates for the protection of wetlands as natural buffers against water-related disasters and calls for a 'whole-of-society' approach combining top-down institutional changes with bottom-up community actions to build resilience in a climate where extreme events are becoming the 'new normal'.

The Drawdown Lift fact sheet argues that climate mitigation and poverty alleviation are complementary. By analyzing 450 articles and reports, it identifies 28 climate solutions across five groups—Improving Agriculture and Agroforestry, Protecting and Restoring Ecosystems, Adopting Clean Cooking, Providing Clean Electricity, and Fostering Equality—that provide significant co-benefits for human well-being. These solutions target dimensions such as income, health, food security, and gender equality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The report advocates for synergistic implementation and innovative finance to align climate goals with the needs of the most vulnerable populations.

The document argues that SADC countries face a significant infrastructure deficit and institutional weaknesses that hinder regional integration and economic recovery. It proposes the adoption of 'anticipatory governance' and a shift toward green, inclusive, and digitally enabled infrastructure to move away from national protectionism and fossil-fuel dependency. Using a STEEPV framework, the authors outline various future scenarios—ranging from 'SADC Solarpunk' (desirable) to 'Deep Collusion' (undesirable)—to stress-test current strategies and advocate for innovative blended financing and regional cooperation via the AfCFTA.

The proposal seeks USD 762,359 over 18 months to address Saint Lucia's fiscal vulnerability and decreasing Official Development Assistance (ODA). It focuses on five workstreams: accessing the green bond market, developing a debt-for-climate swap roadmap, greening the local financial sector, increasing capacity for Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), and developing a concept note for a 'Green Affordable Housing' project. The project is implemented by the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) in collaboration with the Government of Saint Lucia.

The authors apply the 4Es framework and "mechanisms of social change" (MOSC) language to map solar mini-grid projects in northern Kenya. This approach aims to identify the causal mechanisms that lead to both positive and negative socio-economic and ecological outcomes, providing a tool to improve the design of future climate adaptation interventions in low-income countries.

The document introduces the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) methodology, a simulation-based tool designed to calculate environmental, social, governance, and climate risks, as well as externalities in infrastructure projects. It details the three-pronged modelling approach—system dynamics, project finance, and spatially explicit models—to provide a more comprehensive cost-benefit analysis than traditional financial valuations. The report provides sector-specific examples (energy, buildings, roads, wastewater, irrigation, and natural infrastructure) and outlines how these modules can be integrated into Indonesia's Vision 2045 (IV2045) system dynamics model to bridge top-down national strategy with bottom-up project implementation.

The document argues that Indonesia must shift from carbon-intensive 'grey' infrastructure to sustainable solutions to meet its low-carbon development goals and recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. It identifies key barriers to this transition, including a lack of bankable project pipelines, inadequate valuation methods that ignore ESG risks, and a mismatch between infrastructure and budget planning. The author recommends adopting integrated planning, utilizing the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) methodology to quantify externalities, and establishing project preparation facilities to attract private investment. The brief also highlights international examples from Malaysia, the Netherlands, Saint Lucia, and South Africa to illustrate successful sustainable infrastructure strategies.

The report argues that existing village development indices in Indonesia fail to adequately measure or reward environmental performance. To address this, the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) proposes the Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+), which adds 10 ecological indicators to the existing Indeks Desa Membangun (IDM). The report suggests using IDM+ as a basis for Ecological Fiscal Transfers (EFT), specifically through a mixed fiscal instrument approach in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan. This approach combines performance-based incentives via the Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) with affirmative action funding for low-performing villages, potentially utilizing untapped reforestation funds (DBH DR).

The study finds that nearly 50% of daily trips in Nairobi are made via non-motorized transport (NMT), yet these users account for 66.3% of traffic fatalities. Pedestrians are the most vulnerable, with a high concentration of deaths among males aged 20-44. Infrastructure is severely lacking, characterized by narrow or non-existent footpaths, poor lighting, and a lack of protected cycle lanes, particularly in low-income eastern districts. The report recommends expanding NMT networks, enhancing road safety enforcement, and improving street lighting and drainage to create a more inclusive and sustainable transport system.

The report finds that Just Transition is a relatively new and poorly understood concept within the Indonesian government, characterized by institutional silos and a lack of coordination between the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and the Ministry of Manpower. While Indonesia is a signatory to the Solidarity and Just Transition Silesia Declaration, the report notes that Just Transition is unlikely to be explicitly incorporated into the country's updated NDC, though it has been discussed for the 2050 Long Term Strategy for Low Carbon and Climate Resilience. Key gaps include the lack of a dedicated institution for the informal economy, which constitutes up to 60.5% of employment, and the disconnect between Covid-19 recovery responses and climate transition strategies. The Dala Institute recommends using informal knowledge-sharing webinars to engage stakeholders and suggests leveraging the Ministry of Manpower's 'Kartu Prakerja' pre-employment training program to mainstream Just Transition elements.

The strategy outlines a comprehensive plan for Bosnia and Herzegovina to transition to a green economy by 2030 and achieve significant emission reductions by 2050. It identifies high vulnerability in agriculture, water management, and forestry due to increasing temperature extremes and erratic precipitation. The document proposes a low-carbon development path focusing on replacing inefficient coal-fired power plants with renewables, improving building energy efficiency, and modernising transport. A total investment of approximately BAM 16.7 billion is estimated for mitigation and BAM 170 million for adaptation by 2030.

The proposal requests USD 322,450 over 12 months to enhance Serbia's climate adaptation capacity. It focuses on three components: aligning the Development Fund of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (DFAPV) with GCF fiduciary and environmental standards, creating a 'Green Navigator' platform to engage the private sector, and developing a Climate Smart Agriculture/Food Industry Investment Plan including two bankable concept notes.

The document argues that existing village-level evaluation tools in Indonesia, such as the IDM and IPD, are inadequate for measuring environmental performance and mainstreaming Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To address this, the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) proposes the Sustainable Village Development Index (IDM+), which adds 10 ecological indicators covering land-use, natural resource management, and climate actions to the existing index. Using Berau District in East Kalimantan as a case study, the paper demonstrates how IDM+ can be linked to fiscal instruments like Village Fund Allocation (ADD) and Financial Assistance (Bantuan Keuangan Kabupaten) to reward high-performing villages while providing affirmative support to low-performing ones. The author recommends that the central government incorporate IDM+ into the national IDM and that local governments ensure transparent implementation and capacity building.

The document is a Readiness support proposal submitted by UNEP to the Green Climate Fund (GCF) for a project titled "Increasing the ambition of the NDCs and climate financing in the Central América." It targets five countries: El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and the Dominican Republic. The project aims to address gaps in regional coordination, institutional legal frameworks, and Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) systems. Key objectives include designing market-based financial instruments to attract private sector investment, integrating NDCs with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and COVID-19 recovery plans, and establishing a regional digital platform for investment information. The total requested amount is USD 1,249,986.00 for an implementation period of 18 months.