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The document outlines a series of 'must-have' and 'nice-to-have' recommendations for the Polish state and the European Union to unlock SMR deployment. For Poland, priorities include durable political support, flexible financing models like adjustable Contracts for Difference (CfDs), national coordination for technology down-selection, and a dedicated workforce development framework. It also emphasizes the need to streamline permitting for SMRs on industrial sites, potentially leveraging the EU's Net-Zero Industrial Act (NZIA). At the EU level, the document calls for increased funding from existing and future funds (MFF 2028-34), a more relaxed State Aid process, and the formal recognition of nuclear technology's contribution to decarbonisation goals. Additionally, it suggests that Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries pursue joint procurement and a coordinated approach to reproduce successful pilot projects to achieve economies of scale.

The document identifies four primary constraints to South Africa's just transition: a significant finance gap, delivery frictions in project cycles, fragmented skills and employment pathways, and a lack of accountability and legitimacy. It argues that success depends on moving from high-level pledges to 'delivery-grade' finance and coordinated, place-based implementation, particularly in coal-affected regions like Mpumalanga.

The document serves as a 'starter' guide for Indian businesses to transition from fossil fuels to clean energy solutions over a two-to-five-year horizon. It emphasizes a three-pronged approach: prioritizing energy demand reduction, acting immediately while improving performance over time, and continuously improving data quality. The guide provides detailed frameworks for measuring energy consumption, conducting energy audits, and benchmarking performance. A significant portion of the document is dedicated to 'Process Heat' (up to 400°C), offering a phased transition plan that includes mapping heat demand, improving efficiency, evaluating clean technologies (such as industrial heat pumps, electric boilers, and solar thermal), and calculating the total cost of ownership. It also includes case studies from companies like Epic Group and DCM Shriram to demonstrate the technical and financial viability of electrification in industrial laundry and steam applications.

The UK's hydrogen strategy requires a course correction to prioritize hard-to-electrify sectors and resolve policy misalignments across government departments. While the UK has established production targets and funding streams like the Hydrogen Allocation Rounds (HAR), inconsistent frameworks between the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) and the Department for Transport (DfT) create investment barriers. The document warns that slow policy delivery and high energy costs risk turning decarbonisation into deindustrialisation, as seen in the shutdown of the UK ammonia industry. It recommends integrating hydrogen strategy with broader industrial decarbonisation, aligning low-carbon fuel standards, and increasing stakeholder representation in decision-making bodies like the Hydrogen Delivery Council.

A coalition of industry and research organizations urges the European Commission to ensure the upcoming EU Action Plan on Geothermal Energy goes beyond heating and cooling to include next-generation technologies capable of providing firm electricity and industrial heat. The signatories advocate for research support, the strengthening of the EU geothermal value chain, and the creation of public-private risk-sharing mechanisms to enable commercial financing by the early 2030s.

The report analyzes the transition of the steel industry toward net-zero emissions, highlighting the role of emerging technologies and startups. It identifies the dominance of coal-based blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) facilities, which contribute approximately 8 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, and examines alternatives such as Hydrogen-Direct Reduced Iron (H2-DRI) and scrap-based electric arc furnaces (EAFs). The document categorizes innovations into three pathways: reducing demand ('Make Less'), improving existing processes ('Make Better'), and developing disruptive technologies ('Make New'). It emphasizes the need for strategic investor-offtakers in high-growth markets like Asia and Africa, the potential of modular furnace technologies, and the strategy of generating early revenue through high-margin, low-volume products to derisk commercial scaling.

The U.S. pulp and paper industry, which accounts for 9% of industrial energy consumption, offers significant potential for net-negative emissions through CCS due to its reliance on waste biomass. A new mapping tool evaluates facilities based on capture costs, capture potential, storage costs, infrastructure clustering, and co-benefits. The analysis identifies the Gulf Coast—specifically Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas—as having the highest opportunity scores. While private sector interest is growing, the document argues that the 45Q tax credit requires enhancement and regulatory certainty for transport infrastructure is needed to scale these technologies.

The document argues that Europe needs a more integrated financial toolbox to bridge the 'valley of death' for cleantech innovators. It recommends increasing the budget for Horizon Europe to €200 billion and the ECF InvestEU guarantee to €50 billion, while calling for binding budgets for clean transition windows and the use of retail financial instruments to stimulate demand from end-consumers.

The report argues that India's iron and steel sector, which accounts for roughly 12% of the country's total greenhouse gas emissions, requires a coordinated Green Industrial Policy (GIP) to avoid high-carbon asset lock-ins and meet its 2070 net-zero target. Through plant-level and sectoral modelling, the analysis identifies hydrogen-based Direct Reduced Iron-Electric Arc Furnace (DRI-EAF) as the most viable long-term pathway. To make this technology investable, the report proposes a combination of time-bound capex and opex subsidies, a predictable carbon price trajectory rising from USD 10 in 2025 to USD 50 by 2050, and green public procurement. The study finds that with these interventions, hydrogen-based steel could achieve cost leadership and a 13.3% IRR by 2050, while conventional blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) pathways become financially unviable.

The report argues that the current EU public procurement framework, specifically Directive 2014/24/EU, fails to drive the green transition because GPP remains voluntary, leading to fragmented implementation and a prevalence of lowest-price awards. It identifies three primary challenges: a fragmented legal landscape, the voluntary nature of GPP, and perceived legal uncertainty regarding the 'link to subject matter' rule. To address these, the authors recommend making GPP the default via a 'comply-or-explain' approach, tying 'Buy European' rules to environmental performance, simplifying rules through harmonized criteria and labels, strengthening data monitoring, and investing in the professionalization of contracting authorities. The report provides detailed operational options for both simplification and strategic procurement to support the EU's 2040 emissions targets.

The joint statement argues that while the Industrial Accelerator Act (IAA) can transform Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) into clean industry hubs, it risks exacerbating regional disparities due to the CEE's narrower fiscal margins and higher energy costs compared to other EU states. To prevent industrial decline driven by 'subsidy races', the authors recommend combining EU content requirements with carbon and circularity criteria, establishing common EU labels for green steel, cement, and chemicals, and implementing Green Public Procurement (GPP) mandates. Specifically, the statement suggests that GPP mandates for low-carbon materials in infrastructure could increase public procurement budgets in CEE by between +0.11% in Austria and +1.35% in Romania. The authors also call for equitable access to EU-level funding and streamlined permitting for cross-border hydrogen and CO2 infrastructure to address the region's high energy costs.

In 2025, Europe transitioned toward commercial-scale CCS deployment, marked by the first fully operational value chain at Norway's Brevik cement plant. While ten projects reached final investment decisions (FID) between December 2024 and October 2025—adding approximately 4 Mt CO2/year of capture and 14 Mt CO2/year of storage capacity—deployment remains far below the trajectories needed for 2040 and 2050 climate targets. Progress is heavily reliant on blended finance and corporate carbon dioxide removal (CDR) offtake agreements, particularly with Microsoft. Geographically, CCS is expanding from Northern European hubs into Southern and Central & Eastern Europe, with new projects in Spain, Italy, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, and Hungary. Policy advancements include the Net-Zero Industry Act's 2030 injection target and Germany's 2025 legislation classifying CO2 transport and storage as projects of overriding public interest.

The Canadian Climate Institute asserts that the Clean Electricity Regulations (CER) provide a critical foundation of certainty for utility providers and regulators, encouraging the massive capital investments required to decarbonize Canada's power grids. The document highlights how the CER complements other policies, such as industrial carbon pricing and investment tax credits, to lower costs for consumers and ensure a competitive advantage for industries seeking clean energy. It emphasizes that while the CER sets national goals—including a target of zero tonnes of emissions per gigawatt-hour by 2050—it maintains flexibility for provinces to implement equivalent solutions and manage their own resource planning.

The report argues that the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is undermining national energy security and economic competitiveness by canceling billions in congressionally mandated funding for clean energy and industrial innovation. It details the loss of approximately $23 billion in federal funding across 648 projects, affecting sectors such as carbon capture, hydrogen, and grid resiliency. The document highlights that these cuts risk wasting previous federal R&D investments, destroying local jobs, and ceding technological leadership to global competitors like China and Canada.

Carbon Market Watch criticizes the EU's proposed 2040 climate target for relying on international carbon credits and including 'flexibilities' that weaken domestic ambition. The author calls for a strict domestic emissions reduction target, the exclusion of credits from the EU ETS, and the prevention of delays to the ETS2 system for buildings and road transport. The document also warns against using natural disturbances in forestry as a justification to lower overall climate targets.

The UK's current hydrogen strategy is criticised for misaligning production targets with actual demand, leading to high public costs and inefficient funding. The author recommends prioritising hydrogen for industrial clusters and low-carbon fuels, strengthening methane emission standards, and redesigning the Hydrogen Allocation Round (HAR) to support the entire value chain from production to end-use.

The cement and concrete sector accounts for nearly 8 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions, primarily due to clinker production. Decarbonization requires a three-pronged innovation approach: 'Make Less' (reducing demand through design and efficiency), 'Make Better' (improving existing processes via supplementary cementitious materials and carbon storage), and 'Make New' (developing disruptive, zero-clinker chemistries and electrified production). While near-zero emission cement currently represents less than 1 percent of the market, the report highlights that scaling these technologies requires overcoming fragmented markets, outdated prescriptive standards, and a significant funding gap, as the sector has received less than 1 percent of climate tech venture capital over the last five years.

Plan 1.5 argues that the South Korean government's 2035 NDC, set at 53-61% below 2018 levels, is inadequate because the 'practical' lower bound of 53% is driven by industrial interests rather than scientific necessity. The organization highlights that the industrial sector's reduction target of 24.3% is significantly lower than those of comparable manufacturing nations like Japan and Germany. The statement calls on the National Assembly to revise long-term reduction paths to protect future generations and avoid potential legal liabilities under international law.

Industrial decarbonisation is essential for the global energy transition, as the sector accounts for 37% of total final energy use and one-third of global greenhouse gas emissions. While advanced economies have decoupled growth from emissions, emerging economies are seeing surges due to the relocation of heavy industries. The paper highlights that for emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs), the transition is a business opportunity to leapfrog to sustainable technologies, avoid stranded assets, and enhance competitiveness against mechanisms like the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). However, significant bottlenecks exist, including high capital costs and limited access to critical technologies like hydrogen-based steelmaking and carbon capture. The authors propose a global partnership framework based on four pillars: technology transfer, finance mobilisation, policy alignment, and capacity building, suggesting the Climate Club as a potential governance platform.

The document examines the alignment of Indonesia's business sector with the 2035 NDC, highlighting a potential investment opportunity of USD 3.8 trillion. While over 100 Indonesian companies have adopted science-based targets, the report identifies significant barriers including regulatory uncertainty, fragmented institutional responsibility, and a lack of a standardized 'green investment' definition. It proposes solutions such as 'power wheeling' for renewable energy access, blended finance mechanisms, and sectoral decarbonization roadmaps for energy, industry, and transport to ensure the NDC is 'investible' and supports the national goal of net-zero by 2060.