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This policy brief examines the supply and demand barriers preventing National Development Banks (NDBs) from financing green urban infrastructure. It introduces a 12-dimension 'maturity model' across strategic, financial, business, and operational parameters to help NDBs optimize their capacity. The brief argues that while NDBs are ideally positioned as intermediaries, few have the specific mandates or capitalization required to support local governments, necessitating coordinated action from national governments and development finance institutions.

The study examines the link between green bonds and climate targets for the twenty largest European green bond issuers in 2018. It finds a disconnect between these issuers' climate targets and their green bond frameworks, alongside deficiencies in post-issuance reporting. The author concludes that there is minimal pressure for issuers to align bond proceeds with ambitious science-based targets, suggesting a need for policy intervention to prevent greenwashing and align the market with planetary boundaries.

The Feminist Popular Education Manual by Friends of the Earth International (FoEI) is a guide for facilitators to create transformative, inclusive learning spaces. It argues that patriarchy is an interconnected system of oppression linked to capitalism, racism, and colonialism, which manifests primarily through the sexual division of labour. The document outlines a comprehensive structure for inclusive workshops—including the use of 'mística' rituals and 'sentipensares' (feel-thinking)—and provides specific educational modules. These modules use tools like the '24 hours in the life of men and women' clock and territorial mapping to analyze how extractivism and patriarchal control impact women's bodies and territories. The ultimate goal is to foster an anti-capitalist, grassroots feminism that prioritizes the sustainability of life and the reorganization of care work.

The paper argues that while existing climate services primarily support short-term farming decisions, they must be expanded to include decadal and long-term projections to guide transformative adaptation—significant systemic changes to agricultural production. A review of 253 national documents found that only 2.7% describe transformative applications of CS. The authors recommend integrating long-term climate data with crop models and socioeconomic factors to identify viability thresholds and map adaptation pathways, while emphasizing the need to modernize National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) and ensure equitable access for marginalized farmers.

The document analyzes the 'digital divide' in Africa, where limited access to ICT infrastructure and digital literacy exacerbates social and economic inequalities. It critiques the 'information technology for development' (IT4D) approach when it treats technology as a panacea rather than a delivery mechanism. The author argues that successful interventions, such as M-Pesa, focus on solving fundamental problems (e.g., financial agency) rather than the technology itself. The briefing recommends that governments shift toward problem-driven approaches, focusing on user co-creation and institutional barriers to ensure technology promotes genuine inclusion and equity.

Green banks are public or quasi-public entities designed to leverage public funds to attract private capital for low-carbon, climate-resilient investments. They address market gaps by reducing perceived risks for private investors through innovative financial tools, helping countries implement their nationally determined contributions (NDCs). Examples include the UK Green Investment Bank, which leveraged £4 of private investment for every £1 of public funds, and Australia's Clean Energy Finance Corporation, which has invested in over 110 transactions to avoid an estimated 190 million tons of CO2.

The report analyzes how fossil fuel subsidies create direct and pass-through trade effects, distorting markets for crude energy products, refined energy carriers, and energy-intensive industries. It provides empirical evidence on the massive scale of these markets—with fossil fuel product trade alone representing over 10% of worldwide trade value in 2018—and argues that current WTO rules are ineffective at constraining these measures. The document proposes five options for WTO engagement: improving transparency, building capacity, establishing a pledge-and-review process, clarifying existing rules, and negotiating new binding subsidy disciplines.

The document proposes the 'hours of safety' metric to measure building resilience during power outages in extreme cold weather, comparing various housing standards from 1950s builds to Passive House standards.

This guide by Friends of the Earth International (ATI) outlines a conceptual framework for gender justice, advocating for a 'popular anti-capitalist feminism' to dismantle the interconnected systems of patriarchy, capitalism, racism, and neocolonialism. It defines the sexual division of labor as a tool for capitalist accumulation and explains how ecofeminism highlights the parallel exploitation of women and nature. The document provides definitions for gender identity and sexual orientation, and offers six practical recommendations for member organizations to promote gender justice and challenge patriarchal power structures.

The document defines patriarchy as a system of oppression that exploits women's bodies and labor to benefit men and the capitalist system. It advocates for a 'popular and anticapitalist feminism' to dismantle interconnected systems of oppression, including racism, classism, and neocolonialism. The guide emphasizes the role of ecofeminism in highlighting the parallel exploitation of nature and women within an extractivist model and provides a framework for implementing gender justice within organizations and communities.

This guide by Friends of the Earth International (FoEI) frames gender justice and the dismantling of patriarchy as essential components of systemic change. It defines patriarchy as a system that exploits women's bodies and work for the benefit of men, operating through a sexual division of labour that separates public (paid/decision-making) and private (unpaid/care) spaces. The text employs an intersectional analysis, explaining how patriarchy interlinks with capitalism, racism, neocolonialism, and heteronormativity to maintain power hierarchies. It specifically highlights ecofeminism to illustrate the parallel exploitation of women and nature within a capitalist extractivist model. The document concludes by advocating for alliances between feminist movements, Indigenous Peoples, and environmental justice activists to achieve a world of autonomy and equality.

The document examines the relationship between climate change and migration in Africa, challenging the narrative of mass international 'climate refugee' flows. It posits that migration is an active resilience strategy used by households to diversify income and spread risk, though the most vulnerable are often trapped by a lack of resources. The brief highlights the prevalence of internal migration, the risks of unplanned urbanisation, and the need for African policymakers to develop governance frameworks tailored to local realities rather than relying on international models.

The report outlines a roadmap for 24 national and regional development banks to transition from incremental climate finance to full Paris alignment. It proposes a three-dimensional framework focusing on a comprehensive scope of action, a long-term time horizon, and an ambitious scale of contribution. Recommendations are divided into country-level support for governments, strategic-level institutional leadership, and operational-level investment criteria and project development.

The paper introduces a three-step framework—enabling environments, mobilization, and delivery of adaptation benefits—to analyze how the private sector can be engaged in climate adaptation. Testing the framework in Kenya and Rwanda reveals that while both countries have established broad policy and regulatory frameworks, actual mobilization of private finance for adaptation remains limited and difficult to track. The authors find that private investments often lack explicit adaptation labeling and that a lack of awareness among private actors, combined with weak enforcement of existing policies, hinders progress. The study highlights the risk of maladaptation and 'climate-washing' and recommends integrating adaptation criteria into environmental impact assessments (EIAs) to better monitor outcomes and prevent counterproductive investments.

The document provides a systematic analysis of how to measure people's thoughts and feelings about migrating. It introduces a conceptual model that deconstructs survey questions into five components: nature of the mindset, temporality of the mindset, nature of the action, temporality of the action, and conditionality. Through a review of over 50 surveys and field testing in Cabo Verde, the author argues that binary questions are generally more reliable than open-ended or scale-based ones and emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between preferences, expectations, and considerations of migration.

The document examines the tension between current development models and disaster risk reduction, arguing that many development patterns actually drive disaster risks. It posits that while resilience is often used to integrate development and disaster risk reduction, resilience alone is insufficient without addressing the underlying power structures and drivers of risk to ensure equitable outcomes for marginalized groups.

The report examines the failure of current conservation finance to meet global needs, noting that only USD 50-53.4 billion is raised annually against a need of USD 150-440 billion. It identifies structural barriers such as low returns, high risk, and financial short-termism (the 'Tragedy of the Horizon'). The author proposes a systemic shift using natural capital accounting, mandatory corporate disclosures, and the active involvement of central banks and state investment banks to internalize environmental externalities and redirect capital toward sustainable activities.

The document provides a comprehensive glossary of terms for the MIGNEX project, focusing on the 'migration–development nexus'. It advocates for a nuanced approach to migration, replacing simple forced/voluntary dichotomies with models based on aspirations and abilities. It defines development as a multi-dimensional process of expanding human capabilities and introduces 'specific developments' as concrete societal changes that influence migration decisions. The guide also outlines the relationship between migration policy, development policy, and policy coherence.

The document argues that traditional resilience concepts often ignore power dynamics and social inequalities. Based on a review of 171 articles, the authors define equitable resilience as a form of human-environmental resilience that accounts for social vulnerability and differentiated access to power, knowledge, and resources. They propose four essential elements for practice: recognizing subjectivities, ensuring inclusion and representation, working across geographical and temporal scales, and promoting systemic transformation. The brief emphasizes that resilience indicators alone are insufficient and that practitioners must engage with the politics of social change to avoid entrenching existing vulnerabilities.

RMI proposes the creation of MOD Cities—modular and modifiable mobility-oriented developments—as collaborative test sites where municipal governments, developers, and the vehicle-service industry can co-innovate. These sites aim to integrate urban design with new mobility services to improve people's health and livelihoods while allowing policymakers to test flexible zoning and land use codes.