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The document outlines a strategy for Colombia to manage its transition to a low-carbon economy while addressing high levels of poverty, inequality, and labor informality. It identifies the mining and fossil fuel sectors as the most vulnerable, representing 71% of exports and 500,000 formal jobs. The toolkit recommends establishing a Just Transition Committee within the Intersectoral Commission for Climate Change, enhancing social dialogue, and reforming the labor market to support workers' mobility and reskilling. It emphasizes the need for economic diversification in fossil-fuel-dependent regions and the mobilization of financial resources to close a funding gap estimated at 1.04% of GDP annually to meet NDC objectives.

The report examines the potential for accelerating the phase-out of oil and gas production in the Danish North Sea, specifically questioning the economic impacts and the point at which these activities become unprofitable for the state.

The document outlines the need for co-created transition pathways for the UK's oil and gas sector to align with net-zero emissions goals, presenting results from a May 2022 workshop that examined a "median anticipated pathway" and a "rapid exit" scenario.

The report outlines two pathway scenarios for the Norwegian oil and gas sector's transition to net-zero, developed through a 'backcasting' exercise with policy makers, businesses, and civil society. While there is general acceptance of a 2050 net-zero goal, the document notes that achieving this via a science-based approach requires deep global energy system transformations and concerted efforts from the Norwegian government and other social actors.

The report analyzes the financing of low carbon transitions for India's MSME sector, which is highly GHG intensive due to fossil fuel reliance. It identifies a significant credit gap—estimated at USD 240 billion in 2018—and a lack of awareness and technical capacity as primary barriers. While national schemes like RAMP and ZED certification exist, the report finds fragmented implementation and varying levels of alignment between central and state policies, noting that Gujarat partially aligns with national goals while Maharashtra shows significant divergence. Recommendations include scaling incentive-based models, leveraging supply chain pressure from large companies, and mobilizing international climate finance.

The report argues that decarbonizing the global steel sector requires a shift from project-based funding to systemic international cooperation that addresses both high capital and operational costs. It highlights a significant gap in green steel initiatives, which are currently clustered in the EU, while production growth is projected in emerging economies. The authors propose the international application of Carbon Contracts for Difference (CCfDs) to cover incremental costs of clean production and mitigate risks for private investors. Furthermore, the report emphasizes that successful transformation depends on fostering trust through non-hierarchical policy dialogues and peer review processes to avoid concerns over national sovereignty and 'carbon colonialism'.

The briefing outlines the political and structural challenges Brazil faces in achieving net-zero emissions, focusing on land use, agriculture, transport, carbon markets, waste management, and industry. It argues that climate policies must be aligned with national development and income generation to overcome weak governance and industry opposition. The report highlights specific opportunities for international funding, such as supporting biomethane, nature-based solutions in carbon markets, and technology transfer for industrial decarbonization and waste sorting.

The report identifies significant gaps in the monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) infrastructure for carbon dioxide removal (CDR), noting that existing frameworks are primarily designed for emission reductions rather than removals. It highlights inconsistencies in how permanence, system boundaries, and additionality are treated across different voluntary and compliance standards. The authors recommend the development of dedicated methodologies for Direct Air Capture (DAC) and Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), the adoption of dynamic baselines aligned with Paris Agreement targets, and a standardized approach to defining 'permanent' storage to prevent the overestimation of mitigation results.

Laos is highly vulnerable to climate change but has low per capita emissions, with the transport sector being the primary source of CO2. While the government has set ambitious goals to increase forest cover to 70% and expand hydropower, these policies risk negatively impacting the livelihoods of the 70% of the population working in agriculture and forestry. The report identifies significant barriers to a just transition, including low awareness of the concept among policymakers, limited governmental capacity, data gaps, and a heavy reliance on external financing. It recommends improving cross-governmental coordination, enhancing data collection, and establishing participatory mechanisms to engage poor and marginalised communities in climate planning to ensure equitable benefit-sharing.

The report examines the intersection of climate change mitigation and social equity in Laos. While the country has low emissions and high hydropower capacity, its climate goals—such as increasing forest cover to 70%—risk harming the 70% of the population dependent on agriculture and forestry. The document argues that a 'just transition' requires inclusive planning, benefit-sharing mechanisms, and improved government capacity to prevent the further marginalization of poor and vulnerable communities.

The document analyzes Argentina's challenges in implementing a 'just transition' toward a low-carbon economy, highlighting a critical lack of coordination between government agencies and a tension between climate commitments and the continued expansion of fossil fuels. It identifies the energy sector (51% of emissions) and the Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector (39% of emissions) as the primary areas of impact. The report argues that current participatory processes are often 'testimonial' and that a unified national decarbonization plan is necessary to prevent further socio-economic inequalities, particularly for women, ethnic minorities, and small-scale producers.

The report examines how a 'just transition'—ensuring the costs of moving to low-carbon societies are fairly distributed—can be applied in the Global South. Through studies in nine countries, it identifies systemic barriers such as high rates of informal labour, insecure land tenure, and a lack of socio-economic data. It argues that international climate finance is currently too focused on technical transitions and must be broadened to support the social and economic needs of affected communities, including re-skilling and social safety nets.

The report analyzes Vietnam's increasing reliance on coal, which grew from 18% of the electricity mix in 2010 to over 50% in 2020, and the subsequent need for a 'just transition' to protect vulnerable workers and communities. It identifies key stakeholders, including 122,000 coal industry workers, and highlights the specific vulnerability of the Northern regions like Quang Ninh. The document argues that while a transition would improve public health and the national trade balance, it requires comprehensive planning, re-skilling programs, and international financial support, such as the $15.5 billion JETP deal, to avoid increasing inequality.

The report examines Vietnam's increasing reliance on coal, which grew from 18% of electricity production in 2010 to over 50% in 2020. It argues that while a transition to clean energy will improve public health and trade balances, it poses significant risks to approximately 122,000 workers in the coal sector. The authors recommend a detailed roadmap involving inter-ministerial coordination, retraining for vulnerable groups—particularly women and older workers—and the use of both market and non-market financial tools to manage the phase-out of aging plants.

The report argues that while Kenya is advancing in renewable energy and climate policy, its transition to a low-carbon economy risks marginalizing informal workers, women, and youth. It examines sectoral vulnerabilities in agriculture, energy, transport, industry, forestry, waste, and tourism, highlighting a critical gap between national climate goals and the social protection mechanisms needed to ensure a just transition. The document recommends integrating just transition principles into the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and Medium-Term Plans, emphasizing the need for reskilling, gender quotas, and the formalization of the informal sector to prevent livelihood losses.

The report examines the challenges of implementing a just transition in Argentina, highlighting a critical lack of coordination between government agencies and a lack of consensus on the necessity of decarbonisation. It identifies the energy sector (51% of emissions) and the agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector (39% of emissions) as the primary areas for mitigation. The document notes that while the government has committed to emission reductions via its NDC, it simultaneously prioritises the expansion of oil and gas resources in the Vaca Muerta basin. Key recommendations include creating a unified national decarbonisation plan, expanding stakeholder participation beyond 'testimonial' processes, and addressing deep-seated gender and ethnic inequalities within the productive sectors.

The report examines the 'just transition' in Malawi, focusing on agriculture and forestry. While Malawi's climate policies do not explicitly mention 'just transition', some elements of the NDC and Malawi 2063 align with it. However, risks exist, such as the potential for agricultural mechanisation and commercialisation to marginalise smallholders without secure land tenure. In forestry, efforts to curb illegal charcoal production may cause energy poverty and livelihood loss for the poor if alternative energy and income sources are not provided. The report emphasizes that external support is critical, as 78% of the NDC's emissions reductions are conditional.

The report identifies a significant gap between the UK government's high-level climate policy intentions and their practical local delivery, noting that initiatives like the North Sea Transition Deal lack the overarching coordination needed to effectively support workers and communities.

The report examines the sustainability of Norway's reliance on the oil and gas sector in the context of global emissions targets and a net-zero future beyond 2050. It analyzes the political debate surrounding the 2021 general election, the positions of industry associations and trade unions, and the economic risks of maintaining the fossil fuel sector as a pillar of the Norwegian economy.

Denmark has committed to ending oil and gas production by 2050 via the 2020 North Sea Agreement. The transition is supported by a declining economic significance of the sector and the growth of green technologies like offshore wind and CCUS. While the workforce's versatility and state support may mitigate negative impacts, risks remain for workers near retirement and small suppliers unable to restructure.