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This research paper examines the nature of fluorinated gases (F-gases), their impact on global warming, and the international and domestic policy frameworks designed to phase them down, specifically focusing on the Kigali Amendment and the U.S. AIM Act.

This case study by the International Institute for Sustainable Development emphasizes the role of Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs) in managing mining projects, specifically focusing on the necessity of community consultation and engagement to avoid conflict and secure a social licence to operate.

This briefing from RMI describes the role of Virtual Power Plants (VPPs)—aggregations of distributed energy resources like batteries and electric vehicles—in enhancing grid reliability, affordability, and decarbonization, while outlining priorities to scale the market.

This case study describes a community-led mangrove nursery initiative in the Sundarbans region of Bangladesh, implemented by the local NGO Bangladesh Environments and Development Society (BEDS). The project focuses on empowering women to transition from using mangrove seeds as cooking fuel to cultivating saplings for sale and ecological restoration, providing both economic stability and climate resilience.

This research paper analyzes the risks associated with Burkina Faso's decision to recruit 50,000 civilian auxiliaries into the Volunteers for the Defense of the Homeland (VDP) to combat violent extremists. It examines the military reorganization under President Ibrahim Traoré and warns that inadequate training, supervision, and lack of a demobilization plan could lead to increased ethnic violence and uncontrolled armed civilians.

This fact sheet defines global warming as the excessive accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere, explains its causes rooted in human activity, details its environmental consequences, and outlines global political commitments and individual actions to mitigate the phenomenon.

This research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute evaluates the potential for short-lived climate pollutant (SLCP) mitigation resulting from Costa Rica's decarbonization plan, identifying specific emission reduction targets and the cross-sectoral policy synergies required to overcome implementation barriers.

This study evaluates the inclusion of Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCPs) and air pollutant mitigation in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted between 2015 and 2022, finding a significant increase in both explicit priorities and specific mitigation measures post-2020.

This case study describes the Urban Wage Employment Initiative (UWEI) in Odisha, India, a large-scale public works program launched during the COVID-19 pandemic to support urban poor, informal, and migrant workers. The program focused on climate-resilient infrastructure and was later institutionalized as a permanent scheme called MUKTA.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes energy efficiency (EE) mechanisms for electricity-intensive consumers, comparing international experiences from the European Union, USA, China, and other nations with the current policy landscape in Brazil. It identifies direct and indirect benefits of EE, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and increased industrial competitiveness, and evaluates various regulatory, fiscal, and market-based instruments to provide recommendations for improving Brazil's energy efficiency framework.

The report 'Coal Cost Crossover 3.0' analyzes the economic viability of existing coal-fired power plants in the United States compared to new renewable energy alternatives. Using 2021 data and accounting for the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), the study finds that nearly all coal plants are more expensive to operate than replacing them with wind or solar, particularly when resources are sited locally to leverage existing grid interconnections and energy community tax credits.

The report "Building Back Greener In the Post-COVID-19 Era" by the Green Economy Coalition argues that the global economic response to COVID-19, the war in Ukraine, and the climate crisis must move beyond short-term stabilization toward systemic structural reform. It advocates for an "Inclusive Green Recovery" that integrates social protection with environmental restoration to build long-term resilience.

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute describes research on PM2.5 exposure among grill workers in Vientiane, Lao PDR. It highlights that while street grill emissions have a low impact on overall city air pollution, individual workers face high localized exposure, with women being disproportionately affected due to gender roles and lack of social protections in the informal food economy.

The Stockholm Environment Institute's 2023 report analyzes emission reduction scenarios for the Genesee-Finger Lakes region. It finds that while a 'high ambition' scenario can meet New York State's 2030 climate targets, none of the analyzed scenarios achieve the 85% reduction required by 2050. Key challenges include significant emissions from dairy cow enteric fermentation and large-scale landfills, while key opportunities lie in grid decarbonization, vehicle electrification, and agricultural manure management.

This report presents a multi-criteria sustainability assessment method for urban and peri-urban sanitation systems, applied as a case study in Montero, Bolivia. It evaluates four system types—conventional sewers, condominial sewers, septic tanks, and urine-diverting dry toilets—across five dimensions: health and hygiene, environmental, social, economic, and technical/institutional sustainability. The study compares existing systems with 'optimized' versions and discusses the role of technological innovations in improving public health and environmental protection.

This briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute analyzes the sustainability of the road freight value chain during a period of disruptive technological change. It identifies three primary 'megatrends'—automation, digitalization, and electrification—that are shifting the industry's environmental and social hotspots from vehicle operation to manufacturing and labor dynamics.

This report by the African Climate Foundation outlines priorities for reforming the global financial architecture to better support climate investment and sustainable development in Africa. It argues that the current system is dominated by creditor interests and advanced economies, resulting in high borrowing costs, insufficient concessional finance, and a debt crisis that hinders Africa's ability to respond to climate change.

This report by the Africa Policy Research Institute (APRI) and ENDA Energy examines the landscape of climate change adaptation in Senegal, specifically focusing on the alignment between national policies, such as the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), and Locally Led Adaptation (LLA) practices. Through mapping and three case studies in agriculture, coastal zones, and health, the research identifies a gap where community-driven strategies are often ignored by central government planning and suffer from a lack of direct financial access, despite being well-aligned with national goals.

This report analyzes climate change adaptation in Ghana, highlighting a critical gap between top-down national policies and locally led adaptation (LLA). While Ghana has established comprehensive frameworks like the updated NDCs, funding is heavily skewed toward mitigation (87.4%) over adaptation (3.4%). Through case studies in the Savannah, Upper East, and coastal regions, the report demonstrates that LLA initiatives—such as organic shea processing, climate-smart agriculture, and community-based coastal monitoring—are effective but hindered by limited finance and institutional support. The authors recommend devolving financial resources, integrating traditional knowledge, and fostering participatory decision-making to enhance national resilience.

The Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment (CAPE) report details the 2023 activities of its Preventing Toxic Exposures Program, focusing on legislative advocacy, public awareness, and partnerships to reduce chemical pollution and address environmental racism in Canada.