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The report 'Mapping India’s Energy Policy 2026' analyzes the fiscal impact of energy subsidies in India, highlighting a significant imbalance where fossil fuel subsidies were three times higher than clean energy subsidies in FY 25. It examines how electricity subsidies burden state budgets and utilities, the fiscal vulnerability caused by LPG import dependence during geopolitical crises, and the impact of fuel excise duty cuts on government revenue and EV adoption.

The Indian States’ Electricity Transition (SET) 2026 report evaluates 21 Indian states across three dimensions: decarbonisation, power ecosystem readiness and performance, and market enablers. It finds that progress is fragmented, with no single state demonstrating consistently strong performance across all three areas, highlighting the need for coordinated, dimension-specific interventions to achieve a system-wide transition.

This report by Ember analyzes the rising effective costs of coal power in India due to declining Plant Load Factors (PLFs). It argues that underutilisation is driving up both fixed and variable costs, making new coal capacity economically inferior to Firm and Dispatchable Renewable Energy (FDRE).

RMI and UNDP have launched a Climate Risk and Resilience Toolkit to help developers integrate climate adaptation into the life cycle of rural African minigrids. The toolkit provides a five-step framework to mitigate risks from hazards like flooding and extreme heat, which otherwise threaten both energy infrastructure and the livelihoods of rural populations. While resilience measures increase costs—often passed to consumers via higher tariffs—they are presented as essential for maintaining critical services and supporting climate-smart agriculture.

This report outlines strategies to align electric vehicle (EV) charging in India with renewable energy generation to prevent grid burden and support energy flexibility. It evaluates the effectiveness of time-of-day (ToD) tariffs, green tariffs, rooftop solar, and open access procurement, noting that while these mechanisms exist, barriers such as high upfront costs, price sensitivity, and limited public charging infrastructure hinder their full potential.

This report chapter details the growth of electric vehicle (EV) adoption in India between FY2020 and FY2025, highlighting the role of central and state government subsidies and the specific vehicle segments driving the transition.

This policy brief by Ember analyses the implementation of the Ministry of Power's Electricity (Rights of Consumers) Amendment Rules, 2023, which introduces solar-hour time of day (ToD) tariffs for domestic consumers in India starting April 1, 2025. The paper examines how these tariffs, designed to align electricity demand with solar generation, affect different consumer profiles and highlights the critical need for smart meter infrastructure to enable successful deployment.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes financial flows to India's sustainable agriculture sector for FY 2020-21 and FY 2021-22. It employs a value-chain approach to map public and private funding across upstream, farming, and downstream activities, highlighting a heavy reliance on domestic commercial bank debt and government budgets, while noting a significant gap in international finance and diversified investment instruments.

The report by Ember analyzes the strategic importance of wind energy in India's energy transition, emphasizing its complementarity with solar power to reduce reliance on thermal power during non-solar hours. It highlights the need to accelerate wind capacity deployment to meet the 14th National Electricity Plan (NEP14) targets and discusses policy interventions, economic benefits, and the potential for offshore wind and repowering.

The 2024 Indian States’ Electricity Transition (SET) report, published by IEEFA and Ember, assesses the progress of 21 Indian states across three dimensions: Decarbonisation, Readiness and Performance of the Power Ecosystem, and Market Enablers. The report identifies Gujarat and Karnataka as consistent top performers, while highlighting structural challenges in states like Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh. It recommends strengthening state-level regulatory frameworks and developing specific state-level transition plans to accelerate the shift toward clean electricity.

This executive summary describes the States’ Electricity Transition (SET) Scoring system developed by Ember to evaluate the electricity transition across 16 Indian states, which represent 90% of India's annual power requirement. The analysis focuses on four dimensions: decarbonisation, power system performance, power ecosystem readiness, and policies and political commitments. While some states like Karnataka show strong performance across all metrics, others, particularly Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal, require significant improvements in decarbonisation and system performance to meet national targets.

The report 'Landscape of Green Finance in India' by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes green finance flows in India for FY 2019-20, focusing on climate mitigation and adaptation. It finds that while green finance flows increased by 150% between FY 2017/18 and FY 2019/20, the total of INR 309 thousand crores per annum remains significantly below the estimated INR 11 lakh crores per year required to meet India's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

This research paper by the Green Economy Coalition proposes a structural agenda for a green economic recovery from COVID-19. It defines green structural reforms as systemic, long-lasting, and general-purpose interventions, contrasting them with short-term stimulus measures. The document provides a nested framework of ten high-level reform measures and a comprehensive set of prioritisation criteria (conventional, advanced, and systemic/political) to help governments move beyond emergency triage toward long-term socio-ecological transformation.

The report proposes a 'Cooling as a Service' (CaaS) model for India to provide smallholder farmers with affordable, clean, decentralized cold storage via a pay-as-you-go system. Supported by the 'Your Virtual Cold Chain Assistant' (VCCA) app for price and shelf-life analytics, the model aims to reduce food waste and increase farmer incomes by an estimated 36%. Pilot projects in Bihar and Himachal Pradesh are designed to test viability, with long-term targets of mobilizing USD 200 million and benefiting 1.5 million farmers.

This supplementary annex to 'Mapping India’s Energy Subsidies 2021' provides detailed background and financial data for specific energy subsidies that changed significantly since 2020, covering electric buses, energy conservation, and oil and gas infrastructure and research.

This case study describes a women-led climate-smart agriculture model piloted by Swayam Shikshan Prayog (SSP) in 2014 in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The model focuses on sustainable farming, water conservation, and livelihood diversification to empower rural women and build household resilience against drought and climate change.

This executive summary from Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) outlines a roadmap for increasing electricity system flexibility in India to support the deployment of renewable energy and reduce overall system costs. The report argues that flexibility needs are growing faster than energy demand and that a balanced portfolio of demand-side flexibility, powerplant upgrades, and energy storage can reduce system costs by 5% to 8% and carbon emissions by 8% to 12% by 2030.

This report by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) outlines its activities and strategic approach to promoting climate compatible development in India. It details the use of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to align Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) with sustainable development, the implementation of urban Heat Action Plans, and the promotion of private sector financing for rural renewable energy. The document emphasizes the integration of climate resilience into disaster risk management and the importance of gender-sensitive planning.

This report details a research project conducted by Practical Action Consulting in India and Kenya to determine the most effective methods, phrasing, and visual tools for communicating climate change attribution information to high-level decision makers, media, and the general public.

This case study describes EarthSpark International's implementation of a solar-powered microgrid in Les Anglais, Haiti, to provide reliable 24-hour electricity. It details the technical, logistical, and regulatory challenges overcome during the project, the development of the SparkMeter billing system, and the resulting economic benefits for local residents and businesses.