India’s transition to electric mobility

This report chapter details the growth of electric vehicle (EV) adoption in India between FY2020 and FY2025, highlighting the role of central and state government subsidies and the specific vehicle segments driving the transition.

• India experienced an elevenfold increase in total electric vehicle registrations between fiscal year 2020 and FY2025, growing from approximately 0.175 million units to nearly 1.9 million units. This growth was primarily led by two-wheeler and three-wheeler segments, while electric light motor vehicle sales grew nearly 100-fold from just over 1,000 units in FY2020 to over 100,000 units in FY2025.
• The transport sector is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in India, representing 14% of energy-related direct emissions, with road transport accounting for over 90% of the sector's CO2 emissions.
• India has established several electrification targets: achieving 30% of new vehicle sales as EVs by 2030 (via the EV30@30 campaign), ensuring all new sales of cars and vans are zero-emission by 2040, and specifically targeting 30% of private cars, 70% of commercial vehicles, and 80% of two and three-wheelers sales to be electric by 2030.
• Central government promotional measures since 2015 have had a total budget outlay of INR 712.7 billion (approximately USD 8.6 billion). Key initiatives include the FAME-I (2015–19) and FAME-II (2019–24) schemes, the e-Bus SEWA scheme launched in August 2023, and the PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-DRIVE) scheme, which provides subsidies until March 2026.
• Regional EV adoption patterns in FY2025 show that Uttar Pradesh led in absolute sales, with electric three-wheelers making up 70.6% of its total. High shares of electric two-wheelers were recorded in Maharashtra (86.1%), Tamil Nadu (86.3%), Karnataka (85.4%), Odisha (85.8%), and Gujarat (84.5%). Additionally, over 25 states have notified EV policies, with 2025 updates in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh focusing on renewable energy-powered charging hubs and tax exemptions.

APA

Ember (2025). India’s transition to electric mobility. https://ember-energy.org/chapter/chapter-1-indias-transition-to-electric-mobility/

Chicago

Ember. India’s transition to electric mobility. 2025. https://ember-energy.org/chapter/chapter-1-indias-transition-to-electric-mobility/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Ember |title=India’s transition to electric mobility |date=23 July 2025 |url=https://ember-energy.org/chapter/chapter-1-indias-transition-to-electric-mobility/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{ember2025indias, author = {{Ember}}, title = {{India’s transition to electric mobility}}, institution = {Ember}, year = {2025}, month = jul, url = {https://ember-energy.org/chapter/chapter-1-indias-transition-to-electric-mobility/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }