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The study finds that climate change increased rainfall intensity in Taiwan and Hunan province and contributed to a 7% increase in maximum wind speeds for similar storms in the Western North Pacific basin. While sea surface temperatures as hot as those observed during Typhoon Gaemi were "almost impossible without climate change", the analysis did not identify a significant trend for rainfall in the northern Philippines. The report highlights that existing urban plans and flood infrastructure are unable to withstand climate-driven extreme floods, particularly in areas of unplanned urban development like Metro Manila.

The document explores how residents of Metro Manila define being and becoming middle class, highlighting a diversity of markers including employment, consumption, and values. It examines the intersection of social mobility and migration, noting that Metro Manila serves as a hub for internal migrants and a transit point for international migration, with remittances and family support networks playing key roles in achieving middle-class status.

The document details the processes, financial mechanics, and outcomes of municipal green bonds in Mexico City and Reykjavík, and a sustainability bond by Manila Water. It highlights the importance of international standards, second-party opinions, and government guarantees in successfully attracting capital for climate-resilient urban infrastructure.

The document analyzes the security relationship between the Philippines and China under the Duterte administration (2016–2020). It finds that while President Duterte pursued a cooperative foreign policy to secure economic gains and infrastructure funding via the Belt and Road Initiative, security cooperation remained limited and cautious. China provided military aid during the 2017 Marawi siege and proposed surveillance projects like 'Safe Philippines,' but these efforts faced pushback from the Philippine strategic community due to interoperability issues with US systems and fears of espionage. Ultimately, China is characterized as both an emerging security partner and a primary source of insecurity due to its maritime claims in the South China Sea.

The Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) investigates the drivers of disaster displacement, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region, where the majority of such displacement occurs. SEI's work focuses on the vulnerabilities of poor populations, the impacts of both slow and rapid-onset risks, and the evaluation of displacement policies like planned relocations. Key projects include studying the effects of Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines, analyzing flood-induced mobility in Southeast Asia, and researching the specific challenges faced by people with disabilities during displacement. SEI also collaborates with international bodies such as the IOM and UNCCD to address the links between land degradation, desertification, and forced migration.

This case study examines climate resilience efforts in Valenzuela City, Metro Manila, focusing on its vulnerability to flooding and its participation in the Partners for Resilience (PfR) programme to integrate climate change adaptation and ecosystem management into disaster risk reduction.

The document examines how Valenzuela City, a low-lying industrial suburb of Metro Manila, has utilised the Partners for Resilience (PfR) framework to address chronic flooding and livelihood loss. It highlights the transition from short-term disaster response to a holistic approach that incorporates climate science, environmental restoration, and community-led early warning systems. Key successes include the integration of climate-informed contingency planning and the 'GREENING' project for urban land use. However, the study notes that institutional resilience is challenged by local political cycles and leadership changes.

The document examines the application of the Partners for Resilience (PfR) approach in Barangay Potrero, Malabon City, to address chronic flooding. It highlights the importance of localising early warning systems, fostering inter-city cooperation within the Tullahan River Basin, and integrating climate science into community-based disaster risk management.

The Philippines Climate Change Act of 2009 established a centralized governance structure led by the Climate Change Commission to integrate climate resilience across government sectors and local government units (LGUs). While the Act provides a roadmap through the National Framework Strategy on Climate Change (2010) and the National Climate Change Action Plan (2011), its success depends on national coordination, financial support for LGUs, and the alignment of other government policies—such as mining and energy—which currently conflict with climate mitigation and ecosystem protection goals.

The Philippines' Climate Change Act of 2009 created a centralized governance structure led by the Climate Change Commission, which reports directly to the President. This framework is supported by a National Framework Strategy (2010) and a National Climate Change Action Plan (2011) that prioritize seven key areas, including food security and sustainable energy. Implementation is devolved to local government units (LGUs) through Local Climate Change Action Plans (LCCAPs), supported by various funding mechanisms such as preferential loans and the proposed People's Survival Fund. While the Act promotes integrated adaptation and mitigation—exemplified by 'ecotowns' like Surigao del Norte—civil society organizations have raised concerns regarding the inclusivity of consultations and contradictions with other government policies, such as the promotion of coal and large-scale mining.

The document serves as a training module on air quality modelling, detailing the use of dispersion models to estimate pollutant concentrations and the application of receptor models for source apportionment. It emphasizes the critical role of meteorological data—including wind, turbulence, and mixing height—and describes various modelling approaches from simple box models to complex Eulerian grids. Additionally, it highlights Nuclear Analytical Techniques (NATs) such as Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) and Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) for identifying particulate matter sources in Asian cities.

This research paper synthesizes 128 scientific articles to analyze the causes of social vulnerability to coastal hazards in South and Southeast Asia. It identifies a significant gap between theoretical conceptual frameworks and empirical case studies, noting that most research focuses on hazard exposure rather than underlying systemic causes. Key drivers of vulnerability include population growth, poverty, and institutional failures. The authors argue that current recommendations are mismatched with these causes, focusing on short-term relief and early warning systems rather than addressing the root socio-economic structures and power relations that perpetuate vulnerability.

The Sustainable Urban Transport project is a proposed programme in the Philippines designed to decarbonize the transport sector by scaling the production and uptake of electric vehicles (EVs) and promoting non-motorized transit. With a total indicative cost of USD 248,195,408, the project seeks USD 186,627,231 from the Green Climate Fund to overcome high upfront capital costs and limited domestic manufacturing capacity. Key objectives include deploying 3,000 e-jeepneys and 5,500 e-trikes, conducting a feasibility study for Electric Bus Rapid Transit (eBRT), and developing financing mechanisms through the Land Bank of the Philippines (LANDBANK). The project expects to reduce emissions by 708,250 to 991,550 tCO2-eq over its lifespan and create direct employment for approximately 100,000 beneficiaries.

The assessment finds that the proposed MRT system in Pampanga, consisting of four bus rapid transit lines and one light rail transit line, provides significant societal value. While traditional benefit-to-cost ratios (BCR) suggest the project is not investment-worthy at 0.62 or 0.63, the sustainable BCR (S-BCR) is 1.72. Over a 30-year period from 2023 to 2053, the project is estimated to generate a cumulative discounted net benefit of PHP 360.3 million (USD 6,402 million). The most significant impacts are the avoided costs of traffic accidents (PHP 239.7 million), time savings (PHP 182,367 million), and avoided vehicle operating costs (PHP 109,988 million).