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This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative, produced for COP22, analyzes the growth and governance of the green bond market. It highlights the shift toward private sector issuance, the increasing role of emerging markets like China, and the necessity of reaching USD 1 trillion in annual green emissions by 2020 to support Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement.

This document is an annex containing comparative tables that analyze the alignment and ambition levels between the Colombian Green Taxonomy and the EU Taxonomy across various economic activities in the energy, construction, waste, transport, ICT, manufacturing, and forestry sectors.

The Climate Bonds Initiative provides technical assistance to institutions to design and assess transition investment frameworks, aiming to reduce greenwashing risks and align capital deployment with the Paris Agreement.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes how sustainable finance taxonomies integrate mechanisms to support the transition of high-emission sectors toward net-zero emissions by 2050. It identifies six specific 'Taxonomy Transition Mechanisms' used to define and evaluate the credibility of transition activities, providing a framework for taxonomy designers, investors, and market professionals to ensure robust and science-based decarbonization pathways.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes how financial taxonomies can facilitate the transition to net-zero emissions by 2050, particularly for hard-to-abate sectors. It introduces six 'transition mechanisms'—including forward-looking criteria, expiry dates, and transition plan requirements—to help developers create credible benchmarks. Through case studies of the EU, China, and Australia, the report illustrates different taxonomy archetypes (binary, traffic-light, and mixed) and emphasizes the need to integrate these technical tools with broader national climate policies and science-based pathways.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes how sustainable finance taxonomies incorporate transition mechanisms to support the shift to net-zero emissions by 2050. It identifies six key 'Taxonomy Transition Mechanisms'—including forward criteria, sunset dates, and transition plan requirements—and examines their application across traffic-light, binary, and mixed taxonomy archetypes. Through case studies of jurisdictions like Singapore, the EU, Australia, China, and Rwanda, the report demonstrates how these mechanisms can be used to provide granular, science-based criteria for hard-to-abate sectors, distinguishing between point-in-time 'transition labels' for financial instruments and the long-term 'transition process' of entities and sectors.

This briefing by the Global Climate and Health Alliance outlines the synergies between combating climate change and preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). It argues that interventions in energy, transport, and food systems can provide 'co-benefit' solutions that simultaneously reduce greenhouse gas emissions and NCD risk factors such as air pollution, physical inactivity, and poor diet.

This policy brief by the Global Climate and Health Alliance explores the intersection between climate change and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), arguing that interventions to mitigate climate change offer significant 'co-benefits' for public health. The document advocates for multisectoral government action and a whole-of-society approach to integrate health priorities into climate plans and vice versa, focusing on energy, transport, and food systems.

The 'Common Position of Latin America and the Caribbean on Climate Change and Health' is a report by the Global Climate and Health Alliance and various regional signatories. It outlines the specific vulnerabilities of the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region to the climate crisis, emphasizing the intersection of environmental degradation, extreme poverty, and health inequities. The document proposes a framework of six key pillars—protecting health, mitigation with health benefits, climate justice, adaptation, leadership/governance, and financing—to guide regional governments and the international community toward a health-centered climate response, particularly in preparation for COP30 in Belém do Pará, Brazil.

This common position document, authored by a broad coalition of health and environmental organizations, outlines the critical intersection of climate change and public health in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It details the region's high vulnerability to extreme weather, the disproportionate impact on marginalized and indigenous populations, and the urgent need to integrate health into national climate policies (NDCs) and adaptation plans. The document advocates for a 'just transition' that eliminates fossil fuel dependency, transforms unsustainable food systems, and strengthens primary healthcare to build climate resilience ahead of COP30 in Belém, Brazil.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative defines carbon finance and details the various instruments, markets, and regulatory frameworks used to price greenhouse gas emissions to incentivize reductions and fund climate mitigation.

This fact sheet from the Climate Policy Initiative explains Catastrophe (CAT) bonds, which are high-yield debt instruments used by insurers and governments to transfer natural disaster financial risks to capital market investors. The document details the structural triggers of these bonds, the roles of various providers, the capacity requirements for implementation, and the specific challenges and solutions for different market maturity levels.

This report by NatureFinance and the World Bioeconomy Forum analyzes the current state and future potential of the global bioeconomy, focusing on the financial instruments and policy frameworks needed to transition toward a sustainable, nature-positive, and equitable economy. It proposes a strategic spectrum to categorize bioeconomic activities and highlights the critical role of international cooperation, particularly through the G20, to align finance with biodiversity and climate goals.

This guide from the Climate Policy Initiative explains parametric insurance, a financial tool that provides rapid, fixed payouts based on predetermined triggers (such as wind speed or rainfall) rather than assessed losses. It details the instrument's role in maintaining fiscal liquidity and debt sustainability, the capacity requirements for governments to implement it, and the various commercial and concessional providers available globally.

This report analyzes the barriers and strategic requirements for achieving a 100% electric Major Public Transport (TPM) fleet in Greater Valparaíso by 2040. It identifies charging infrastructure and electrical grid capacity as the most critical obstacles, while confirming that electric buses can operate in the city's challenging topography if technically adapted. The document proposes a transition from an atomized operator model to a professionalized system with state-led infrastructure provision, drawing on international experiences from the Netherlands, China, Colombia, and Santiago de Chile.

Friends of the Earth International argues that hydrogen energy is a 'false solution' promoted by the fossil fuel industry to maintain profits and distract from the urgent need for deep emission reductions. The organization asserts that hydrogen production is costly, inefficient, and supports the fossil gas industry, which it links to environmental and social destruction.

A position statement by Friends of the Earth International arguing that hydrogen is a 'false solution' promoted by the fossil fuel industry to avoid urgent emission reductions and maintain polluting activities.

Friends of the Earth International argues that hydrogen energy is a 'false solution' promoted by the fossil fuel industry to maintain business as usual and distract from the urgent emission cuts required to address the climate crisis.

SENE BUAË is a magazine documenting the third session of the 'Escuela de la Sustentabilidad' (School of Sustainability), organized by COECOCeiba and Amigos de la Tierra América Latina y el Caribe (ATALC) in July 2009. The publication compiles reflections from participants on political formation, the 'Buen Vivir' philosophy, and the struggle against neoliberal agro-industrial models, specifically focusing on the community of Juanilama in Costa Rica.

The Coal Atlas 2015, published by the Heinrich Böll Foundation and Friends of the Earth International, provides a comprehensive analysis of the global coal industry's impact on climate, health, human rights, and the economy. It argues that coal is the largest single source of carbon dioxide emissions and that a global transition to renewable energy is necessary to avoid catastrophic climate tipping points. The report details the environmental destruction caused by open-cast mining, the severe health risks associated with coal combustion, and the systemic use of subsidies and lobbying to maintain the industry's viability. It also examines the specific situations in major coal-consuming and producing nations, including China, India, the US, Russia, and Germany, while highlighting the rise of the 'carbon bubble'—the risk of fossil fuel assets becoming stranded as climate policies tighten.