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This research paper analyzes project proposals approved by the UNFCCC Adaptation Fund Board as of December 2012 to evaluate how vulnerability is depicted and who benefits from the allocated funds, with the aim of informing normative principles of equity and efficiency in fund allocation.

This research paper evaluates the early operations of the Adaptation Fund, focusing on the disbursement of limited resources and the tension between equity and efficiency in its allocation processes.

This briefing, produced by the European Capacity Building Initiative (ecbi) for the Least Developed Countries (LDC) Group, analyzes strategies for the LDC Group to increase global ambition for climate mitigation within the negotiations for a new climate agreement intended to enter into force in 2020.

The GEC Strategy 2014-2017 outlines the Green Economy Coalition's plan to accelerate the transition to a green, fair, and inclusive economy. The strategy focuses on improving the narrative of the transition, establishing dialogue hubs, developing ethical frameworks for natural capital, and promoting equity and financial reform through civil society leadership.

This briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute discusses the use of a systematic equity review to assess intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs) for climate mitigation. Using the Climate Equity Reference Calculator, the authors demonstrate how different 'equity settings' regarding capacity and responsibility can define a country's 'fair share' of global mitigation, often revealing a gap between a nation's fair share and its domestic mitigation potential.

The Sovereign Emission Rights Framework is a proposal by Sandbag, submitted to the European Commission in 2013, for an equitable global emissions trading regime. It argues that emissions rights should be distributed based on 1990 population shares and that historical emissions since 1990 should be counted against these budgets to avoid 'hot air' and ensure a fair distribution of the remaining carbon space needed to avoid 2°C of warming.

This research paper examines the tension between equity and cost-effectiveness in the allocation of international climate change adaptation funding, specifically analyzing 39 project documents considered by the Adaptation Fund Board in 2011.

The Climate Impact Equity Lens (CIEL) is a tool developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute to calculate net climate impacts for individuals rather than regional averages. By comparing climate damages against the savings gained from not investing in emission reductions, CIEL demonstrates that while some individuals are currently 'net winners,' the vast majority of the global population will become 'net losers' by 2100 and 2150 as damages outpace savings.

This research brief outlines key principles for applying a metacoupling framework to social-ecological systems (SES). It emphasizes the need to understand interconnections across multiple scales—local, neighboring, and global—to identify leverage points for enhancing social justice, equity, and resilience, particularly within value chains.

This working paper, produced by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), proposes a set of foundational and process principles for applying intersectional approaches to climate change adaptation. Based on a May 2024 knowledge co-production workshop, the paper outlines how to integrate intersectionality across the four stages of the iterative adaptation cycle—risk assessment, planning, implementation, and monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL)—to better address the structural inequities that exacerbate vulnerability for marginalized groups.

This report analyzes whether Sweden provides its 'fair share' of international climate finance. It concludes that a definitive answer is impossible because 'climate finance' and 'fair share' lack globally agreed definitions. While Sweden provides significant funds, most are integrated into its Official Development Assistance (ODA), meaning it provides very little 'new and additional' finance. The report suggests Sweden could lead by improving reporting transparency and defining its own ambitious fair share targets.

This policy brief examines the formation and dynamics of the BASIC group (Brazil, South Africa, India, and China) in the context of international climate change negotiations following COP15. It analyzes the group's shared goals, such as maintaining the principle of differentiated responsibility and advocating for developing country interests, while highlighting the significant material and economic differences between the four members that may challenge future cohesion.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute and the University of Pennsylvania examines the environmental and social impacts of deploying Direct Air Capture (DAC) plants in the United States, emphasizing the need for equitable siting and inclusive decision-making to ensure responsible scaling.

This research paper analyzes trade, human rights, and environmental regimes, including the Montreal Protocol, to identify lessons on equity that can inform the 2015 international climate agreement under the UNFCCC. It argues that equity is essential for achieving consensus and should be addressed through both the differentiation of commitments and the design of supporting institutions and procedures.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute presents a 'New Climate Federalism' framework developed through dialogues with U.S. government officials. It outlines a collaborative model where federal, state, and local governments leverage their respective strengths to achieve decarbonization, emphasizing that federal standards should act as a floor rather than a ceiling to allow for more ambitious subnational action.

This working paper, produced by the Agreement on Climate Transformation 2015 (ACT 2015) consortium, proposes a framework for the 2015 Paris Agreement. It suggests a structure based on two long-term goals, three continuous improvement cycles (mitigation, adaptation, and support), and a foundation of transparency and accountability to drive a global transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy.