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This policy brief by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines the role of the G20 in supporting Africa's energy transition and climate financing. It critiques the Indonesian and Indian G20 presidencies for failing to address Africa's specific needs, noting a significant gap between the continent's climate funding requirements and actual inflows. The document proposes a strategic agenda for the upcoming Brazilian and South African presidencies, focusing on increasing the flow and quality of climate finance, reforming debt treatments, and enhancing participation in carbon markets.

This briefing by Somos El Cambio explains the necessity of the energy transition, defined as phasing out fossil fuels in favor of renewable sources and more efficient energy use to mitigate global warming. It highlights the economic and environmental benefits of this shift, particularly for Latin America and the Caribbean, while emphasizing the need for fairness and equity to avoid repeating the extractivist patterns of the fossil fuel era.

This case study profiles OK Produce, a family-owned produce delivery business in California's San Joaquin Valley, and its transition toward a zero-emissions fleet. The company has integrated solar energy production with the adoption of electric vehicles and participated in the Run on Less – Electric Depot event to share electrification knowledge with the broader trucking industry.

This research paper analyzes development finance flows for renewable and non-renewable energy in five Western Balkan countries from 2008 to 2020, identifying a total of US$3.2 billion in funding and noting that a significant portion supported non-renewable energy sources.

The Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF) provides USD 27 billion in grants to reduce GHG emissions in disadvantaged U.S. communities. While transformative, the fund is small compared to the estimated USD 2.8 trillion needed by these communities by 2035. To succeed, the report argues the GGRF must catalyze private capital, standardize underwriting, coordinate technical assistance via a hub-and-spoke model, align government incentives, and foster a collaborative 'sandbox' culture for learning and accountability.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute details the scale of fossil fuel subsidies in the United States, the discrepancy between domestic pledges and international funding, and specific legislative and budgetary proposals to reduce these subsidies.

This January 2024 report by Global Energy Monitor analyzes utility-scale solar and wind power capacity across ASEAN countries. It finds that while the region has seen a 20% increase in operating capacity since January 2023 and possesses a massive pipeline of prospective projects, actual construction rates are low, and the transition is hindered by continued reliance on coal and gas infrastructure.

This technical report provides a Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) of the proposed rehabilitation of the Tirana–Durres railway in Albania. Using a systemic approach, the assessment compares a business-as-usual scenario with a railway scenario to quantify economic, social, and environmental impacts over a 30-year period (2023–2053). The analysis demonstrates that while the project is not economically viable under conventional cost-benefit analysis, it is highly profitable when integrating non-tangible societal benefits.

This guide, published by Natural Justice, informs the public about the draft Environmental Impact Study (EIS) for oil and gas exploration in Block 3B/4B off the west coast of South Africa. It outlines the proposed activities by a joint venture of Africa Oil South Africa Corp, Ricocure (Pty) Ltd, and Azinam Limited, detailing the potential environmental, social, and economic impacts, and providing instructions for public comment and participation.

The Maputo Manifesto 2024 is a statement issued following the 4th African Conference on Debt and Development (AfCoDD IV) held in Maputo from 28 to 30 August 2024. The document advocates for a feminist approach to debt and development in Africa, arguing that the current debt crisis disproportionately affects women and girls and is exacerbated by a global financial architecture that prioritizes profit over people.

This fact sheet by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) outlines the legal limitations of Conference of the Parties (COP) decisions, contrasting them with treaties, protocols, and amendments. Using examples from the Basel and Kyoto frameworks, it warns that relying on future COP decisions to establish critical obligations for a future plastics treaty may lead to significant delays or failure due to ratification requirements and consensus-based voting.

This fact sheet by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) analyzes different structures of international legal instruments—substantive, hybrid, and framework conventions—to provide recommendations for the development of a future plastics treaty.

The report identifies three opportunities for Japan by 2025: enhancing energy security through rapid renewable energy expansion (targeting 60-70% by 2035), leading ASEAN in transition finance and resilience, and establishing Tokyo as a global transition finance hub. It strongly warns that LNG methane leakage makes it a riskier alternative than previously thought, noting that US LNG can have a higher GHG footprint than coal.

This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative outlines three strategic opportunities for Japan in 2025 to enhance energy security, establish global leadership in transition solutions, and position Tokyo as a hub for transition finance. It emphasizes the need for grid upgrades to unlock renewable energy, the adoption of science-based transition pathways for ASEAN partners, and the mitigation of methane leakage from LNG imports.

This document is an annex listing the federal and state legislation consulted for a 2024 report titled "ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL?" (Where are we in the implementation of the Forest Code?). It provides a comprehensive bibliography of laws, decrees, normative instructions, and resolutions related to the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA) across various Brazilian states.

This stocktaking report by the Climate Policy Initiative and Convergence examines the intersection of blended finance, gender equality, and the energy transition in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). It analyzes market trends, identifies systemic barriers to gender-responsive climate finance, and provides case studies of financial vehicles that integrate gender outcomes into clean energy projects.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes how deforestation in the Amazon rainforest reduces rainfall and river flow, thereby decreasing the electricity generation capacity and revenue of hydroelectric plants (HPPs) both within the Amazon and in distant regions of Brazil.

The 'Electrification Data Methodology 2024 Overview' by Ember describes the technical framework used to quantify the impact of electrification in the road transport and residential heating sectors. The methodology focuses on calculating electricity demand, primary fossil fuel displacement, and emissions displaced, utilizing real-world data on vehicle stocks, heat pump deployment, and energy efficiency factors.

The 2024 Indian States’ Electricity Transition (SET) report, published by IEEFA and Ember, assesses the progress of 21 Indian states across three dimensions: Decarbonisation, Readiness and Performance of the Power Ecosystem, and Market Enablers. The report identifies Gujarat and Karnataka as consistent top performers, while highlighting structural challenges in states like Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh. It recommends strengthening state-level regulatory frameworks and developing specific state-level transition plans to accelerate the shift toward clean electricity.

A briefing by Global Energy Monitor and the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) reports that China is at risk of missing multiple 2025 climate commitments due to an acceleration in coal power permitting and construction. Despite official pledges to strictly control new coal power, an estimated 114 GW of capacity was approved and 70 GW started construction in 2023. The report argues that this expansion is driven by rigid grid management and a perceived 'policy window' before 2025, leading to significant risks of future overcapacity and stranded assets.