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The EU cement sector faces challenges in deep emission reductions due to chemical process emissions. The study evaluates two high-innovation scenarios: one dependent on Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and another focused on novel cements and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Both pathways require CCS to reach near-zero emissions by 2050 and face limited roll-out potential before 2030 due to the need for piloting and demonstration. The report recommends developing a sector-level decarbonisation roadmap aligned with the European Green Deal, establishing R&D funding, and updating standards to enable rapid emission reductions after 2030.

The document defines net zero as the balance between greenhouse gas emissions released and those removed from the atmosphere. It identifies the primary U.S. emitting sectors as transportation (28%), electricity (27%), and industry (22%), and outlines solutions including the electrification of transport and buildings, the expansion of wind and solar power, and the use of natural and technological carbon sinks. It highlights that while 12 U.S. states have net-zero mandates by 2050, massive adoption of electric vehicles and carbon removal technologies is necessary to meet Paris Agreement targets.

ClientEarth argues that the revised IPCEI Communication must align with the European Green Deal by mainstreaming climate protection and excluding fossil fuel projects. The organization recommends that eligibility for aid be contingent on strict environmental compliance, the 'Energy Efficiency First' principle, and the production of hydrogen exclusively from 100% renewable sources. Additionally, ClientEarth calls for increased transparency in the State aid process, including the publication of pre-notification files and the implementation of competitive tenders to select beneficiaries.

In 2019, IDFC members committed $197 billion in green finance, a 47% increase from 2018. Climate finance dominated this total at 95% ($187 billion), with mitigation projects receiving the largest share ($163.5 billion), primarily in transport and renewable energy. Adaptation finance grew for the third consecutive year to $19 billion. The majority of finance (74%) originated from non-OECD institutions and was largely deployed domestically, with the East Asia and Pacific region receiving the largest geographic share (69%). Loans remained the primary instrument, accounting for 95% of commitments.

The report finds that global power sector investment in 2018 was significantly misaligned with Paris Agreement goals, with 29% of new investment (USD 129 billion) flowing into fossil fuels. No major country or region is decarbonizing its power sector at the required pace, and no major investor category is fully aligned with Paris-aligned emissions intensity targets. The authors highlight a critical data gap, noting that asset-level transaction data was available for only 23% of tracked high-emissions power finance due to corporate balance sheet borrowing. To achieve alignment, the report recommends halting new carbon-intensive investments, accelerating the retirement of fossil-fuel plants, and scaling up low-carbon investments through public-private collaboration and improved climate risk reporting.

The document analyzes COVID-19 recovery funding for cities, noting that while USD 1.1 trillion was pledged, the vast majority (USD 916 billion) targeted short-term liquidity rather than long-term climate resilience. It identifies gaps in funding programming and recommends that funders structure instruments for direct city access, utilize project preparation facilities, and leverage city networks to bridge the investment gap for green infrastructure.

A December 2020 survey of 949 registered U.S. voters reveals broad support for clean energy development, energy efficiency, and international climate cooperation, though significant partisan divides persist regarding the urgency of global warming and specific regulatory policies. While majorities support transitioning to 100% clean energy by 2050 and the Paris Climate Agreement, support for fossil fuel expansion remains higher among Republicans. The report also highlights a general consensus on the economic benefits of clean energy and the importance of climate education in schools.

A December 2020 survey of 949 registered U.S. voters reveals broad support for clean energy development and various climate policies, though significant partisan divides remain regarding the urgency of global warming and specific regulatory measures. While majorities support transitioning to 100% clean energy by 2050 and participating in the Paris Climate Agreement, support for fossil fuel expansion remains higher among Republicans. The report also highlights a general consensus on the importance of infrastructure investment and climate education in schools.

The strategy outlines a comprehensive plan for Bosnia and Herzegovina to transition to a green economy by 2030 and achieve significant emission reductions by 2050. It identifies high vulnerability in agriculture, water management, and forestry due to increasing temperature extremes and erratic precipitation. The document proposes a low-carbon development path focusing on replacing inefficient coal-fired power plants with renewables, improving building energy efficiency, and modernising transport. A total investment of approximately BAM 16.7 billion is estimated for mitigation and BAM 170 million for adaptation by 2030.

The report examines six proxy measures—material efficiency, waste recycling and reuse, industrial ecology, energy efficiency, renewable energy, and green procurement—finding that all six generate positive net benefits in job creation and induced economic impacts. These measures are generally more labour-intensive than fossil-fuel-related jobs and help decouple economic activity from greenhouse gas emissions.

The proposal requests USD 322,450 over 12 months to enhance Serbia's climate adaptation capacity. It focuses on three components: aligning the Development Fund of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (DFAPV) with GCF fiduciary and environmental standards, creating a 'Green Navigator' platform to engage the private sector, and developing a Climate Smart Agriculture/Food Industry Investment Plan including two bankable concept notes.

Colombia faces challenges from rapid urbanisation and hydroelectric uncertainty while attempting to decarbonise its building sector. Current policies, including building codes and energy efficiency measures, are insufficient to achieve this goal. The document proposes using Article 6 of the Paris Agreement to launch a Net Zero Energy Buildings pilot in social housing, which could reduce emissions, energy poverty, and subsidy payments. While the building sector is not a major emitter, the author suggests that international cooperation and climate finance are necessary to mobilise private capital and align the sector with the Paris Agreement's temperature goals.

The authors evaluate the EU's Next Generation EU and Germany's national recovery strategy, noting that while multi-billion-euro figures are earmarked for climate action, much of the funding remains conditional or unquantified. Drawing on the 2008 financial crisis, where green recovery efforts failed to prevent a global emissions rebound in 2010, the paper emphasizes the role of parliamentarians in overseeing budgets and implementing mechanisms like carbon border taxes to ensure a genuine energy transition.

This briefing from the Global Innovation Lab for Climate Finance (The Lab) outlines the challenges and success factors associated with scaling innovative financial instruments for climate action. Based on the experience of 49 launched instruments and three specific case studies, the document identifies four critical success factors—track record, economies of scale, robust governance, and strategic partnerships—that can accelerate the transition from early-stage development to large-scale investment mobilization.

The document describes the global governance of sustainable energy as a "regime complex" characterized by overlapping mandates and a lack of a single central authority. It highlights the importance of SDG 7 in merging the goals of energy access and sustainable transitions, while detailing the contributions of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) initiative. The text notes a significant financing gap, stating that achieving SDG 7 by 2030 requires additional annual investments of USD 1.36 trillion, whereas international finance for clean energy in developing countries was only USD 21 billion in 2017. It concludes that while the current multi-stakeholder, non-hierarchical model allows for specialized and flexible action, the absence of a binding international treaty or single organization limits the ability to drive top-down ambition and common norms.

The proposal seeks USD 498,902 over 14 months to address fiduciary and operational gaps in the Belize Development Finance Corporation (DFC). Based on a PwC gap assessment, the project aims to establish an Investment Management Policy, an Asset and Liability Committee, an Environmental and Social Management System, and policies for internal audit, procurement, and communication. The Caribbean Development Bank (CDB) will serve as the implementing partner to help the DFC become a vehicle for deploying gender-responsive climate finance to Belize's private sector, particularly MSMEs.

The proposal seeks USD 349,999 over 24 months to support Thailand's local governments in mainstreaming climate actions into city development plans. The project focuses on three components: engaging 15 cities to enhance knowledge of the Paris Agreement and NDC, assisting 7 selected cities in creating GHG mitigation technology and investment plans, and supporting 1 city in developing a quality draft funding proposal for the GCF. The initiative aims to overcome barriers such as insufficient technical knowledge, lack of bankable project pipelines, and difficulties in accessing international climate funds.

The briefing examines the critical role of cold chains in COVID-19 vaccine distribution, highlighting the gap between current infrastructure and the requirements of new vaccine candidates, some of which need ultra-low temperatures (-70C to -80C). It identifies significant barriers in low- and middle-income countries, including unreliable energy access, outdated equipment, and high upfront costs. The report argues that achieving herd immunity requires a massive expansion of sustainable, energy-efficient cold chains and proposes strategies such as 'Cooling as a Service' (CaaS), public-private partnerships like Project Last Mile, and a 'last mile' planning approach to ensure equitable access.

The Climate Policy Initiative calls on development banks and global financial actors to move beyond immediate COVID-19 relief and utilize recovery finance to address climate change and inequality. It advocates for linking loans to sustainable outcomes, funding energy efficiency and resilient infrastructure, and ending fossil fuel financing. To guide this transition, the organization has convened an Advisory Council to develop 'Principles for Financing the Sustainable Recovery' aligned with the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals.

The document examines the decline of the U.S. coal industry, driven by cheaper natural gas and renewables, and the resulting workforce crisis. It argues that a successful transition requires more than just shifting to another single industry; it necessitates broad economic diversification. The brief outlines potential employment opportunities in clean energy, energy efficiency, environmental remediation (such as mine reclamation and forest restoration), broadband deployment, and entrepreneurship. It also reviews proposed federal frameworks, such as the National Economic Transition Office, and highlights regional initiatives in Appalachia and the West that support displaced workers through retraining and community-led development.