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The document highlights that New York City has the highest number of affordable housing units at risk of coastal flooding in the United States. By 2050, the number of units at risk in New York City is projected to increase by 248% to 4,774 units. New York State as a whole is the second most vulnerable state in the nation, with 5,293 units projected to be at risk by 2050, representing a 236% increase from current levels.

The document reports that Virginia's affordable housing supply is the fourth most vulnerable in the United States to future coastal flooding. By 2050, 1,473 affordable housing units in Virginia are projected to be at risk, representing a 273% increase from current levels. The cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth are highlighted as particularly vulnerable, with projected increases in exposed units of 523% and 610% respectively.

The report finds that finance for energy access in high-impact countries (HICs) remains critically insufficient. In 2019, tracked electricity finance in HICs fell to USD 32 billion, with residential access funding at less than one-third of the required annual investment. Clean cooking investment has stagnated around USD 130 million annually, far below the USD 4.5 billion needed. While private investment in clean cooking reached a peak of USD 56 million in 2019, multilateral DFI support plummeted. The report emphasizes the need for climate-resilient infrastructure, as seen in Mozambique, and highlights divergent technological paths in Ghana (LPG) and Vietnam (biogas).

The report finds that global investment for energy access is critically insufficient. Finance for electricity in high-impact countries (HICs) fell to USD 32 billion in 2019, while clean cooking commitments stagnated around USD 130 million, far below the USD 4.5 billion annual need. While grid-connected renewables became the top electricity sector in 2019, decentralized solutions remain severely underfunded. The report emphasizes the need for climate-resilient infrastructure, as seen in Mozambique, and explores divergent clean cooking pathways in Ghana (LPG) and Vietnam (biogas).

The COP26 Resilience Hub served as a convening platform for the UNFCCC’s Race to Resilience, bringing together state and non-state actors to prioritise adaptation and resilience. The report identifies five core messages: the necessity of scaling Locally Led Adaptation (LLA), the urgent need for increased and diversified adaptation finance (preferring grants over loans), the requirement to bridge knowledge and implementation gaps, the role of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) across urban, coastal, and rural contexts, and the essential inclusion of marginalised groups—including women, youth, and Indigenous peoples—in decision-making. It also highlights the emergence of 'Loss and Damage' as a critical focus and notes a significant gap between current adaptation finance flows and actual needs.

The COP26 Resilience Hub Synthesis Report outlines five core messages for advancing global climate resilience: the necessity of Locally Led Adaptation (LLA), the urgent need for diversified and increased adaptation finance (preferring grants over loans), the bridging of knowledge and implementation gaps, the role of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) across urban, coastal, and rural settings, and the requirement to center marginalized groups—including women, youth, and Indigenous peoples—in decision-making. The report details thematic insights across ten areas, including finance, water, food, energy, and health, while emphasizing the need to scale these efforts toward COP27.

The document is a reference list of visual representations of food systems, citing figures from academic journals, international organizations, and institutional reports.

The 2021 Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) Index reveals a slowing pace of global improvement and widening disparities in women's status. While developed countries, particularly Nordic nations, lead the index, fragile states and regions like South Asia perform poorly. The report highlights how the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing inequalities, particularly through job losses in female-dominated sectors and increased risks of intimate partner violence. Additionally, new indices for forcibly displaced women and subnational data for Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the United States demonstrate that national averages often conceal severe internal disparities and the compounding disadvantages of displacement.

The report finds that energy finance in high-impact countries (HICs) is critically insufficient to meet SDG7 targets. In 2019, tracked electricity finance in HICs fell to USD 32 billion, with residential access funding at only one-third of the required annual investment. Clean cooking investment has stagnated around USD 130 million annually, far below the USD 4.5 billion needed. While there is a positive shift away from fossil fuel electricity generation and an increase in private finance for clean cooking, significant gaps remain, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. The report advocates for increased climate resilience in infrastructure, the scaling of decentralized energy solutions, and the integration of clean cooking into national climate policies and NDCs.

The report finds that global investment for energy access is critically insufficient. Finance for electricity in HICs fell to USD 32 billion in 2019, with residential access receiving only USD 12.9 billion—less than one-third of the estimated USD 41 billion annual need. Clean cooking investment has stagnated around USD 130 million annually, far below the USD 4.5 billion required. While renewables saw record highs and fossil fuel finance declined in some areas, significant gaps remain, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Case studies in Mozambique, Ghana, and Vietnam highlight the need for climate-resilient infrastructure and diversified technological approaches to clean cooking.

The document provides a comprehensive synthesis of the 2018 Global Sustainable Blue Economy Conference's Science and Research Symposium. It argues that a sustainable blue economy—defined as the productive and sustainable use of oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers—must be grounded in multidisciplinary science and public-private partnerships. Key focus areas include the sustainable extraction of deep-sea minerals, the mitigation of climate change through blue carbon ecosystems (mangroves, seagrasses, and seaweed), and the modernization of maritime transport through AI and robotics. The report emphasizes the need for capacity building in the Global South, particularly in Africa, and proposes the establishment of a Global Blue Economy Investment Facility to mobilize finance and technology transfer.

The report argues that a significant 'urban services divide' exists in the global South, where over 1.2 billion people lack reliable access to housing, water, sanitation, energy, and transport. This divide creates a cycle of poverty and environmental degradation. To break this cycle, the authors propose seven transformations: prioritizing the vulnerable in infrastructure design, partnering with alternative service providers, improving local data through community engagement, supporting informal workers, innovating financing and subsidies, promoting transparent land management, and creating diverse governance coalitions. The report emphasizes that these shifts can yield cascading economic and environmental benefits, including reduced GHG emissions and improved public health.

The ESMP outlines the environmental and social safeguards for the National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology (NCHM) to install two Automated Weather Stations (AWS) in Bhutan's protected areas. With a budget of USD 120,000, the project targets Singye Dzong in the Bumdeling Wildlife Sanctuary and Gangju La in Jigme Dorji National Park. The plan identifies minor risks including construction waste, dust pollution, and occupational health and safety (OHS) concerns. Mitigation measures include strict waste management, site watering, and adherence to detailed OHS and worker accommodation standards. Implementation is managed by NCHM focal persons with monitoring by ESS officers and the BFL Fund Secretariat.

The 2021 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the Jigme Khesar Strict Nature Reserve (JKSNR) outlines mitigation strategies for two primary project activities: the restoration of alpine meadows and the installation of water pipes to revive dry waterholes. The plan ensures compliance with both the Royal Government of Bhutan's laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP), particularly where WWF standards are more extensive regarding non-title land users and community consultation. The ESMP details specific environmental risks—such as waste generation, soil erosion, and habitat degradation—and provides a comprehensive framework for occupational health and safety (OHS), worker accommodation, and monitoring to ensure the project supports Bhutan's goal of remaining carbon neutral and increasing climate resilience.

The ESMP for Biological Corridor 2 (BC-02) in Bhutan outlines mitigation strategies for four 2021 projects: water supply for the Kamichhu range office, a Black-necked Crane observation deck, and maintenance of forest offices in Gangtey-Phobji and Khotokha. The plan focuses on managing waste, ensuring worker health and safety (including COVID-19 protocols), and preventing human-wildlife conflict. It mandates compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP), with the latter prevailing in cases of discrepancy regarding non-title land users and community consultation.

The 2021 ESMP for the Social Forestry Extension Division (SFED) outlines the management of environmental and social risks associated with maintaining 107.42 hectares of plantation across nine protected areas and biological corridors in Bhutan. It specifies mitigation measures for worker safety, waste management, and soil erosion, while ensuring compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures. The plan details a budget of 3.5 million ngultrum and assigns implementation to the Green Bhutan Corporation Limited.

The 2021 ESMP for the Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS) outlines mitigation strategies for four primary activities: restoring 20 hectares of alpine meadows, restoring 30 hectares of grassland, constructing 320m of river bank protection on the Keyjurong stream, and building a breast wall for staff quarters. The plan prioritizes worker health and safety, waste management, and soil erosion prevention, with a total budget of Nu. 3,528,813.00. Implementation is overseen by a BFL focal person and monitored through field reports and photographic evidence, ensuring compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan laws and WWF's more extensive Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures.

The ESMP for Biological Corridor 5 (BC5) outlines the environmental and social safeguards for planned 2021 activities, specifically the improvement of salt licks at Rikhey, Demola, and Deori. The plan identifies potential risks such as increased poaching, waste generation, and worker safety, providing specific mitigation measures and monitoring frameworks. It emphasizes compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP), with the latter prevailing in cases of discrepancy regarding land use rights and community consultation.

The ESMP for Biological Corridor 4 (BC 4) in Zhemgang, Bhutan, outlines mitigation strategies for three primary activities planned for 2021: the inventory and relocation of salt licks for the endangered golden langur, the restoration of grasslands in Malaya and Duenmang, and the roofing of an existing building in Tingtibi. The plan identifies potential risks such as worker health and safety, waste management, and increased poaching, prescribing specific mitigation measures and monitoring schedules. It mandates compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures, with the latter prevailing in cases of discrepancy, particularly regarding the rights of non-title land holders and community consultation requirements.

The 2021 ESMP for the Pema Gatshel Divisional Forest Office focuses on the construction of the BC 5 office at Pelzomthang. It identifies minimal environmental and social risks, such as noise, dust, and waste generation, and outlines specific mitigation measures and monitoring protocols. The plan ensures compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures, with the latter prevailing in cases of discrepancy regarding land use and community consultation.