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The document details the severe health impacts of the fossil fuel lifecycle, emphasizing that air pollution linked to fossil fuels causes over 80% of pollution-related deaths. It highlights the disproportionate burden on vulnerable groups—including children, women, the elderly, and racialized communities—and advocates for a managed phase-out of oil, gas, and coal to save millions of lives and reduce healthcare costs. The brief provides case studies from Argentina, India, the USA, and China to illustrate these harms and the benefits of decommissioning coal plants. It concludes with specific policy recommendations for city and national governments to transition toward renewable energy and protect public health.

The 2030 Global Forest Vision provides a framework for governments to accelerate progress toward 2030 forest goals through actions in national planning, trade, finance, land rights, and governance. It emphasizes the need for integrated climate and biodiversity plans, the scaling of finance via mechanisms like the Tropical Forest Finance Facility (TFFF) and REDD+, and the recognition of Indigenous and local community land rights. The report also calls for financial regulators to address forest-related risks, the repurposing of harmful agricultural subsidies, and the restructuring of sovereign debt to value natural capital.

The report assesses the nascent green bond market in Africa, which has raised approximately USD 9.6 billion through 76 issuances since 2013. While the market is growing, it remains a niche segment constrained by high issuance costs—up to 5% of total deal value compared to 0.9% in Europe—and macroeconomic instability. The analysis finds that green bonds provide financial additionality for issuers through faster capital raising and access to diverse investors, but primarily fund mitigation projects, with only 7% of proceeds going to pure adaptation. Social inclusion and gender considerations are generally absent from design but occur as indirect co-benefits, such as job creation. The report recommends the development of an African Sustainable Finance Taxonomy, the mandatory inclusion of 'Do no harm' and gender provisions, and the use of project preparation facilities to make adaptation projects more bankable.

The briefing highlights the bipartisan support and technological advancements, particularly in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), that are driving geothermal growth in the U.S. It notes that 1.16 GW of capacity is expected by 2028 and that the Trump administration's policies, including permitting exclusions and support from Energy Secretary Chris Wright, favor the sector. However, the author argues that geothermal cannot replace wind and solar, which are necessary to meet a projected 128 GW increase in demand by 2030.

The briefing reports a significant industry shift toward offshore oil and gas extraction in 2024, with the vast majority of new discoveries, project approvals, and startups occurring in the oceans. It highlights that 85% of new discoveries by volume were concentrated in ten offshore fields, including major finds in Kuwait and Namibia. The document warns that these developments are incompatible with limiting global warming to 1.5°C and pose severe risks to marine ecosystems through noise pollution, habitat loss, and potential oil spills throughout the project lifecycle.

The document examines the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) and the legal frameworks governing it, specifically criticizing the ISDS system for prioritizing investor protections over public interest and sustainable development. It details the financial and regulatory burdens placed on states by ISDS awards and advocates for a proactive, holistic reform of investment governance.

The document examines the role of legal frameworks in governing foreign direct investment (FDI) and critiques traditional investment treaties and the ISDS system. It argues that these frameworks often prioritize investor protections over public interests, creating a 'regulatory chill' and imposing high financial burdens on states, particularly in the context of the energy transition. The guide proposes a shift toward treaties focused on cooperation and sustainable development, while detailing various national, bilateral, and multilateral reform strategies.

The report examines the link between urban sprawl and high energy consumption, arguing that current energy policies overlook the role of urban design. It advocates for "complete communities"—dense, walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods—as a primary strategy for emissions reduction. Using the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) methodology, the report compares car-centric and sustainable transportation scenarios in Winnipeg, finding that sustainable shifts offer significantly higher net benefits and a superior benefit-to-cost ratio. It identifies key barriers such as NIMBYism, flawed municipal governance, and the financial instability caused by sprawl, while proposing solutions including zoning reform, parking policy changes, and new municipal revenue tools.

The report provides a comprehensive climate risk profile for Fiji, detailing observed and projected climatic changes, specific hazards such as tropical cyclones and sea-level rise, and their impacts on target communities and ecosystems. It emphasizes the disproportionate vulnerability of women and marginalized groups and recommends specific nature-based solutions (NbS) and gender-responsive measures to enhance climate resilience across six districts: Kubulau, Dawasamu, Nakorotubu, Namalata, Bua, and Bureta.

The document outlines a five-step process for assessing nature-based solutions (NbS), moving from system mapping and climate analysis to the quantification of benefits and the identification of financing structures. It emphasizes the use of systems thinking to capture multifunctional co-benefits that traditional 'grey' infrastructure often overlooks. The guide provides a toolbox of quantification and risk assessment tools and illustrates the application of the SAVi methodology through case studies in the Netherlands, Burkina Faso, Italy, Greece, Belgium, and Colombia.

The report assesses the progress of 40 adaptation interventions across various sectors in Ethiopia, finding that nearly 67% of the 64 associated indicators lack current data for tracking. While the health sector shows strong implementation and monitoring, the water, energy, and urban sectors suffer from significant data gaps and institutional capacity constraints. The analysis highlights a critical lack of gender-sensitive indicators, with only six of 64 being gender-sensitive, and recommends expanding the NDC's scope to include the financial, labour affairs, industry, and education sectors to address heat stress and financial exclusion.

The document defines a climate change adaptation investment plan (CCAIP) as a detailed set of investment-ready priority activities linked to specific financial sources. It outlines a structured process for developing these plans—including risk assessment, bundling activities into 'packages', and economic appraisal—to bridge the global adaptation finance gap. The briefing distinguishes CCAIPs from broader NAP financing strategies by their narrower scope, higher granularity, and focus on immediate implementation. It identifies key enabling factors such as political leadership (particularly from ministries of finance), institutional arrangements, and the integration of gender equality and social inclusion (GESI). The text also details various domestic and international funding sources and financial instruments, such as green bonds, blended finance, and debt-for-climate swaps, to support these investments.

The document outlines a comprehensive approach to electrifying rural health centers in sub-Saharan Africa using solar PV. It emphasizes the necessity of professional technical consultancy to avoid project failure, provides detailed mathematical formulas for dimensioning components (panels, inverters, and batteries), and compares different system architectures (Off-Grid, On-Grid Backup, and On-Grid). The guide also details various financing models, including Public-Private Partnerships (PPP), and stresses the importance of a two-level maintenance strategy and the appointment of an energy manager ('Monsieur/Madame Energie') to ensure long-term system viability.

The document outlines the process for setting up renewable energy manufacturing in Ghana, focusing on solar PV, batteries, and electric vehicles. It details legal entity options, industrial zones, and a comprehensive suite of fiscal incentives including tax holidays and import duty waivers. The guide also identifies key regulatory bodies and recommends strategies to overcome challenges in financing, skills, and market demand to accelerate the domestic green manufacturing sector.

Egypt's Fourth National Communication details the country's climate vulnerabilities, particularly regarding water scarcity and sea-level rise, and outlines a strategic framework to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 24% by 2030 compared to business-as-usual levels. The report emphasizes a transition toward a green economy through the Integrated Sustainable Energy Strategy 2035, aiming for a 42% share of renewables by 2035, and the implementation of extensive adaptation measures in agriculture, coastal zones, and public health. It also highlights the critical impact of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on water security and the need for enhanced international climate finance and technology transfer.

The document highlights a critical gap between the estimated loss and damage (L&D) finance needs of developing countries (USD 400 billion to 1.6 trillion per year by 2030) and current pledges to the Fund for responding to Loss and Damage (USD 745 million as of December 2024). It proposes a variety of innovative instruments to generate revenue, categorized by their funding potential and alignment with the 'polluters pay' and historical responsibility principles. High-potential instruments include wealth taxes (up to USD 2 trillion per year) and windfall taxes (up to USD 1 trillion per year). The brief recommends that high-income countries implement these instruments nationally or advocate for global frameworks through forums like the G20, IMF, and the UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation to ensure equitable climate finance.

The report argues that Indonesia's promotion of natural gas as a 'transitional fuel' and the continued financing of gas projects by Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) lock the country into fossil fuel dependence and hinder its climate commitments. It highlights significant environmental, social, and governance risks associated with gas infrastructure, including methane emissions, corruption, and human rights violations, while calling for an immediate shift toward renewable energy.

The report argues that promoting LNG as a 'transition fuel' in Indonesia creates a long-term dependency on fossil fuels and contradicts climate commitments. It highlights that Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), including the World Bank Group and ADB, continue to support gas infrastructure through technical assistance and policy loans despite their public Paris Alignment pledges. The document details numerous negative impacts of gas projects, including corruption in LNG procurement, human rights violations in Aceh, and environmental disasters such as the PHE ONWJ oil spill in Karawang. It concludes that gas is not a clean alternative due to high methane emissions and calls for an immediate shift to truly renewable energy.

Brazil has announced a new NDC targeting a greenhouse gas emissions reduction of 59–67% by 2035 relative to 2005 levels. To achieve this, the government is developing a 2024-2035 Climate Plan consisting of an Adaptation Plan and a Mitigation Plan. The document argues that private sector investment is essential for success and recommends harmonizing sectoral policies, promoting corporate transition plans, and strengthening public-private dialogue. Key focus areas include halting illegal deforestation, decarbonizing agriculture, transitioning energy and industry away from fossil fuels, and implementing a national Emissions Trading System (ETS).

The report identifies a wide array of solutions to reduce agricultural methane, which accounts for approximately half of global anthropogenic methane emissions. Key strategies include improving livestock feed efficiency, using methane inhibitors like 3-NOP and Asparagopsis seaweed, implementing advanced manure treatments such as acidification and solid-liquid separation, and adopting water-management practices in rice cultivation like alternate wetting and drying. The authors emphasize that while many technologies are market-ready, widespread adoption is hindered by financial and regulatory barriers, necessitating stronger government support and private sector engagement.