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This research paper by the Institute for Security Studies examines the impact of various global carbon tax scenarios on Africa's energy transition and economic future, specifically highlighting the 'Sustainable Africa' scenario.

This research paper describes the 'Sustainable Africa' scenario, which combines differentiated carbon taxes and energy efficiency policies to reduce emissions while accelerating economic growth and poverty reduction across Africa.

This research paper by the Institute for Security Studies examines two primary policy responses to climate change in Africa: carbon sequestration through forest regeneration and the implementation of a global carbon tax. It highlights the critical role of the Congo Basin as a carbon sink and analyzes four illustrative global carbon tax scenarios, concluding that a differentiated payment approach aligns best with international equity principles and the Paris Agreement.

This briefing from the International Institute for Sustainable Development reviews global and regional carbon pricing trends, focusing on Southeast Asia. It analyzes the impact of the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), the implementation of Paris Agreement Article 6, and provides updates on carbon pricing developments in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam.

This guide from the Climate Policy Initiative defines carbon finance as the policies, instruments, and markets used to reduce or offset greenhouse gas emissions through pricing or trading systems, including carbon taxes, credits, and border adjustments.

This research paper proposes a worker-centric climate response for South Africa, emphasizing state-led financing through a dedicated climate response fund to ensure an equitable transition to a green economy.

The 'Executive decision-makers’ guide to investing in renewable energy 2025' by GreenCape provides a strategic framework for South African businesses to transition to renewable energy. It details the differences between embedded generation and wheeling, outlines various financing models and bank-specific instruments, and explains the role of backup storage in enhancing energy resilience. The guide also lists available tax incentives and identifies systemic hurdles such as grid constraints and a dynamic policy environment.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines the potential for an internationally agreed-upon fossil fuel extraction levy to reduce emissions and fund climate action. It compares four specific proposals—the Windfall Profits Tax, the Climate Damages Tax, the Multilateral Carbon Tax Treaty, and the Wellhead Carbon Tax—analyzing the trade-offs between generating revenue and discouraging production, the challenges of existing fiscal contracts in low-income countries, and mechanisms to incentivize global adoption.

The NewClimate Institute's 2024 update evaluates the progress of 25 major emitters towards their climate mitigation targets, projecting that aggregated emissions could be 10% below 2019 levels by 2030 under current policies, though this remains insufficient to meet the 1.5°C goal.

This report by the Africa Policy Research Institute analyzes the economic implications of a proposed International Maritime Organization (IMO) shipping carbon levy on African states. Using the GTAP-E model, the study finds that such a levy would generally reduce GDP and household incomes across Africa, increase global food prices, and exacerbate existing freight cost imbalances. The report advocates for an equitable transition where revenues are redistributed as direct grants to climate-vulnerable nations for out-of-sector projects like renewable energy and resilient agriculture.

This report by the African Future Policies Hub, APRI, and LSE assesses the economic impacts of a proposed global shipping carbon tax on African states. Using a CGE model and a case study of Ghana, the authors find that while GDP impacts are limited, a shipping levy would increase commodity prices, reduce household incomes, and exacerbate existing freight cost imbalances for African nations. The report recommends that the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopt measures that allow for the redistribution of revenues as direct grants to climate-vulnerable countries for out-of-sector mitigation and resilience projects.

This research paper evaluates the cost-efficiency of carbon reduction measures funded by municipal green bonds in Sweden using marginal abatement cost curves (MACCs). The study finds that clean energy production, particularly wind energy, is more economically competitive and efficient at reducing emissions than other emerging technologies like carbon capture storage, noting that the Swedish carbon tax serves as an effective incentive for these investments.

This draft explanatory memorandum outlines proposed amendments to the Taxation Laws Amendment Bill, 2022, covering income tax, value-added tax (VAT), carbon tax, and customs and excise duties. The proposals aim to resolve technical anomalies, align tax laws with new accounting standards (IFRS 17), curb tax avoidance regarding contributed tax capital, and support South Africa's climate commitments through a ramped-up carbon tax trajectory and extended energy efficiency incentives.

This document is an annex to a special report titled "The Rebirth: Tunisia’s potential development pathways to 2040," published by the Institute for Security Studies. It details the data sources, adjustments, and specific parameters used in the IFs (International Futures) forecasting model to create three development scenarios for Tunisia: "Common interventions," "Going for Growth," and "Leapfrogging," as well as a "Sustainability & Equality" framework.

This policy brief synthesises case studies from six sub-Saharan African countries to analyse government responses to trade and employment shocks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It evaluates these responses against long-term goals of social inclusivity and climate resilience, highlighting how economic structure and financial depth influenced the capacity to implement fiscal, financial, and monetary stimuli.

This Appeal Response Report, submitted by Eskom Holdings SOC Limited to the Minister of the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE), appeals the National Air Quality Officer's (NAQO) decisions regarding applications for postponements from the Minimum Emission Standards (MES) for various coal-fired power stations.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines Environmental Fiscal Reform (EFR) in the Nordic countries, highlighting how the alignment of taxes, subsidies, and spending has decoupled economic growth from greenhouse gas emissions and provided a model for post-pandemic economic recovery.

This case study examines Alberta, Canada's strategy to phase out coal-fired electricity by 2030, focusing on the financial mechanisms and social dialogue used to support affected workers and communities.

Ember argues that the UK should implement a carbon tax on January 1st, as a link between the EU carbon market and the UK is no longer possible following the Brexit transition period.

This policy brief examines the subsidies provided to the coal-to-liquid (CTL) fuel sector in South Africa, specifically focusing on the company Sasol. It details the financial impact of market price support and carbon tax exemptions, arguing that these measures sustain coal's role in the transport sector and conflict with the country's Paris Agreement commitments.