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This briefing presents a Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) assessment of the full electrification of the bus fleet in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, by 2050. It evaluates the economic, social, and environmental impacts of transitioning from the current 90 electric buses to a total fleet of 1,303 electric buses, including the potential benefits of a modal shift from private cars to public transport.

A research paper by OCP and IISD examines the ability of the European Union's Public Procurement Data Space (PPDS) to track the actual environmental impact of green public procurement (GPP). The authors argue that while current monitoring focuses on intent (whether environmental objectives were declared), it is possible to estimate real-world carbon savings using existing data and spend-based estimation. A pilot study using German data in the construction and vehicle sectors suggests that the potential for emissions reductions is significantly higher than what is currently being achieved through green-tagged contracts.

The Ember report details record public subsidies of £999 million paid to the Drax biomass power station in 2025, while outlining a planned reduction to approximately £460 million per year starting in 2027.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute examines the capacity of various forest types to withstand and recover from wildfires, noting that while some ecosystems are fire-adapted, increasing fire frequency and intensity driven by climate change are undermining this resilience. The document details the drivers of vulnerability, the environmental and economic impacts of recent record-breaking fires, and strategies for strengthening forest resilience through protection, restoration, and the support of Indigenous land rights.

This case study examines the tension between Ghana's economic growth and its environmental and fiscal sustainability, focusing on the energy sector's debt and the ecological damage caused by illegal gold mining (galamsey). It argues that Ghana must transition from a high-carbon, debt-driven energy model and a destructive informal mining sector toward green industrialization and renewable energy to ensure long-term economic transformation.

This report analyzes energy demand and production forecasts for Africa, comparing a 'Current Path' scenario with a 'Combined' scenario characterized by faster economic growth and policy interventions to constrain energy exports for domestic security.

This RMI fact sheet outlines the economic, grid, and environmental benefits of replacing electric resistance heating and water heating systems with heat pumps in US households.

This report by the Institute for Security Studies examines the structural and systemic barriers to trade within Africa, highlighting the impact of high tariffs, non-tariff barriers, and the continent's historical exclusion from global and regional value chains.

This research paper analyzes projections for Africa's fossil fuel carbon emissions up to 2063, comparing a 'Current Path' with a 'Combined scenario' that incorporates ambitious development improvements. It identifies a small number of key countries whose energy policies will determine the continent's overall contribution to global emissions.

This report analyzes global carbon emissions from fossil fuels and land use, providing forecasts through 2063. It highlights the dominance of coal, the climate impact of LNG, and the roles of major emitters like China, the US, and India, while detailing the specific environmental pressures facing Africa, including deforestation and water scarcity.

This report by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute examines reconductoring—the process of replacing existing electrical transmission cables with advanced conductors—as a rapid and cost-effective method to increase the capacity of the U.S. energy grid. The author argues that reconductoring can bypass lengthy permitting processes, reduce energy costs, and support the transition to clean energy by enabling the connection of stalled renewable projects and meeting rising electricity demands from electric vehicles and data centers.

A case study by the World Resources Institute (WRI) detailing the development and impact of Beijing's 'Mobility-as-a-Service' (MaaS) digital platform, which integratesC integratesCSSS integrates public transit and shared mobility to reduce carbon emissions.

A report by Global Energy Monitor (GEM) examines how nominee companies—middlemen that hold shares in name only—are used to obscure the identity of actual investors in Australian fossil fuel assets. The analysis finds that these structures hide the ownership of assets responsible for approximately 18% of Australia's national fossil fuel CO2 emissions.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes public financial support for the liquefied natural gas (LNG) sector in British Columbia, arguing that government subsidies shift risks from private investors to the public while ignoring environmental costs and market volatility.

A case study detailing the installation of a 9.72 kWp off-grid solar system by GadgetroniX at Matale Secondary School in Tarime, Tanzania, to resolve frequent power outages and reduce energy costs.

The report 'Grandeur et Décadence 2025' by Global Energy Monitor and its partners analyzes the state of global coal-fired power plants in 2024. It highlights a paradoxical year where the world saw the lowest number of new coal capacity commissions in twenty years, yet record-breaking construction activity in China and India. While the European Union is accelerating coal retirements, other regions like Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia continue to expand coal capacity, and some OECD nations like Japan and South Korea are extending coal use through ammonia co-firing.

In 2024, wind and solar combined to produce 17% of US electricity, surpassing coal (15%) for the first time. While electricity demand rose by 3%, solar generation grew by 27%, adding more generation than gas to meet this demand. Despite the growth in clean energy, overall power sector CO2 emissions rose slightly by 0.7% because gas generation increased to meet rising demand, though carbon intensity reached a record low.

This report analyzes the potential for South Africa to use its public procurement spending, which represents approximately 15% of its GDP, to address environmental issues such as carbon emissions, pollution, and water scarcity.

The Indonesian government is implementing a series of incentives to accelerate electric vehicle (EV) adoption and establish a domestic manufacturing hub, leveraging its position as the world's largest nickel reserve holder. While these policies have successfully increased EV sales and attracted foreign brands like BYD, they have created market imbalances and conflicting incentives that may undermine long-term goals of local technology transfer and supply chain development.

This research paper examines the energy sector challenges and policy requirements for Brazil and Mexico to meet their carbon emission reduction targets committed during COP 21-CMP11.