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This report provides a development forecast for São Tomé and Príncipe up to 2043, comparing a 'Current Path' trajectory with various sectoral improvement scenarios and a 'Combined Agenda 2063' scenario. It analyzes demographics, economic growth, poverty levels, and energy transitions for the island nation.

This report provides development forecasts for the Central African Republic (CAR) up to 2043, comparing a 'Current Path' (CP) baseline with various sectoral improvement scenarios and a 'Combined Agenda 2063' scenario. The report highlights CAR's status as one of the world's least developed countries, characterized by extreme poverty, low life expectancy, and high levels of violent conflict. While the CP predicts modest economic growth, the Combined Agenda 2063 scenario suggests that intersectoral policy pushes could significantly increase GDP per capita and drastically reduce extreme poverty.

This report provides development forecasts for Cape Verde up to 2043, comparing a 'Current Path' trajectory with various sectoral scenarios and a combined 'Agenda 2063' scenario. It analyzes demographics, economic growth, poverty levels, energy production, and the potential impacts of improvements in stability, health, education, and trade.

This report provides a development forecast for Seychelles up to 2043, comparing a 'Current Path' scenario based on existing policies with various sectoral improvement scenarios and a combined 'Agenda 2063' scenario. It analyzes demographics, economic growth, poverty, energy, and carbon emissions, highlighting the country's high-income status in Africa but persistent challenges with poverty and food security.

This research paper examines the potential economic and environmental implications of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) for shale gas in South Africa, presenting three distinct scenarios to evaluate the trade-offs between economic growth and ecological preservation.

This briefing by the Institute for Security Studies examines the environmental risks associated with the Red Sea crisis, highlighting how military conflict and the rerouting of shipping traffic threaten marine ecosystems, increase carbon emissions, and jeopardize the food security of coastal populations in Africa.

This report summarizes a public seminar held on November 20, 2009, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, jointly organized by the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) and the Ethiopian International Institute for Peace and Development (EIIPD). The seminar, titled "Copenhagen Talks on Climate Change and Africa's Response," focused on strengthening a common African position regarding mitigation, adaptation, and compensation ahead of the Copenhagen climate negotiations.

This research paper by the Institute for Security Studies examines the challenges facing South Africa's electricity sector, specifically the gap between energy planning and grid planning. Using the International Futures (IFs) forecasting model, the author develops three scenarios to 2050—Current Path, Efficient Grid, and Smarter Grid—to demonstrate how integrated planning, operational flexibility, and coherent policies for small-scale embedded generation (SSEG) can improve economic growth and reduce poverty and carbon emissions.

Natural Justice submitted comments to the South African Department of Transport regarding the Marine Pollution (Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Amendment Bill (B5-2022). The organization argues that the Bill should implement stronger penalties, increase local government and police involvement in enforcement, and remove broad exemptions for ship trials and offshore mineral processing to align with South Africa's Paris Agreement commitments.

This policy brief from RMI outlines the role of policymakers in reducing embodied carbon in the built environment, emphasizing the use of regulations, incentives, and standards to drive private-sector reductions and stimulate market demand for low-carbon materials.

The document argues that the U.S. transportation sector can move entirely off oil by 2050 through a strategy of 'ultralighting first' followed by electrification. By reducing tractive load (mass and drag), vehicles can achieve order-of-magnitude efficiency gains, making batteries and fuel cells more affordable. This approach, combined with productivity improvements in logistics and urban design, could save trillions of dollars and significantly reduce global carbon emissions.

This report chapter argues that while market economies are powerful tools for resource allocation, they are frequently dysfunctional due to theoretical misconceptions, capital misallocation, and organizational or regulatory failures. It proposes 'natural capitalism' as a framework to extend market principles to all forms of material value, including natural capital, by identifying and turning market imperfections into business opportunities for resource efficiency.

This report chapter outlines the 'Hypercar' concept—an ultralight, hybrid-electric vehicle designed to drastically reduce resource consumption and environmental impact. It argues that by combining carbon-fiber composites, aerodynamic streamlining, and hydrogen fuel cells, the automotive industry can move beyond the 'Iron Age' of steel-based manufacturing. The text further asserts that technological efficiency must be paired with urban planning and land-use reforms to reduce overall dependence on driving and mitigate social costs like congestion and sprawl.

This case study by the Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) examines the Responsible Energy Plan (REP) launched by Tri-State Generation & Transmission Association in January 2020. The plan outlines a transition from coal-fired generation to a diversified portfolio of renewables to meet state carbon regulations and member demands while maintaining affordability and reliability.

This June 2011 report by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) provides a civil society perspective on the implementation of the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) in South Africa. It evaluates progress against the Country Review Report (CRR) and National Programme of Action (NPoA) across eight governance themes, including the justice system, party-state relations, and service delivery. The report generally finds that while some legislative progress has been made, implementation is often lacking, and there is a significant disconnect between official government reporting and the experiences of civil society.

This policy briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines Botswana's need for economic diversification as diamond revenues decline. It evaluates the potential of coal and iron ore as intermediate revenue sources while arguing that long-term sustainable growth should be anchored in eco-tourism and investments in human and physical capital.

This policy briefing examines South Africa's role as the host and president of the 17th session of the Conference of Parties (COP 17) to the UNFCCC in November and December 2011. It analyzes the geopolitical challenges of the climate negotiations, South Africa's efforts to coordinate a common African voice, its participation in the BASIC alliance, and the necessity of aligning its domestic climate policies with its international leadership ambitions.

Speaking notes from Walid Badawi, Country Director of UNDP in Pretoria, detailing the strategic partnership between the United Nations and the G20 in advancing the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their application within the African context.

The Mini-Grid Emissions Tool, developed by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL), provides a standardized methodology for calculating the carbon emissions displaced by renewable energy mini-grids. It improves upon previous methods by accounting for diverse previous energy sources, actual energy consumption by customers, and various generating sources, including hybrid systems.

This guide describes the open-source data services provided by the Stockholm Environment Institute for use in energy and environment models, detailing the REST web services and JSON format used to access datasets such as UN Population Prospects, World Development Indicators, IDEES, and IPCC Shared Socioeconomic Pathways.