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The document provides a comprehensive overview of the Paris Agreement Rulebook, which operationalizes the Agreement's long-term goals through a continuous cycle of planning, implementing, and reviewing Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It details key outcomes from COP24 in Katowice, including the adoption of guidelines for the Enhanced Transparency Framework, the Global Stocktake, and projected finance information. The guide also identifies unresolved issues, such as the specific length of common timeframes for NDCs and the rules governing cooperative implementation and carbon markets.

The document explains the 'Rulebook' of the Paris Agreement, which provides the detailed guidelines for the cycle of planning, implementation, and review of climate actions. It highlights key outcomes from COP24, including the adoption of common timelines for Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) starting in 2031, enhanced transparency frameworks, and the modalities for the Global Stocktake. It also identifies remaining negotiation gaps, particularly regarding carbon market mechanisms and the specific duration of common implementation periods.

The document details the rules for implementing the Paris Agreement, focusing on Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), transparency frameworks, and the global stocktake. It outlines key decisions from COP24, such as the requirement for common timelines for NDCs starting in 2031 and the establishment of biennial transparency reports due by December 31, 2024. It also identifies remaining negotiation gaps regarding carbon markets and the specific duration of common timelines.

The Zero Carbon Building Accelerator aims to decarbonize the global building stock by 2050, addressing the fact that building construction and operations account for nearly 40% of global energy-related CO2 emissions. The initiative employs a four-part strategy—outreach, dialogue, planning, and enabling—to help governments map decarbonization pathways and implement action plans. WRI intends to scale impact by engaging at least two jurisdictions per country and supporting three additional subnational governments globally through technical assistance and peer learning. Zero carbon buildings are defined as having net zero annual operational emissions and reduced life-cycle emissions, achieved through energy efficiency, electrification, and renewable energy sources.

The document argues that while policymakers are increasingly incorporating climate adaptation into development plans, a significant 'implementation gap' remains where policies do not translate into concrete action. It proposes a framework of five interlocking enabling factors—policy frameworks, leadership, coordination mechanisms, information/tools, and financial processes—to bridge this gap and avoid maladaptation.

The paper analyzes 170 peer-reviewed studies (2015–2025) to demonstrate that environmental human rights defenders (EHRDs)—including Indigenous Peoples, women, youth, and local communities—provide essential contributions to climate action that remain largely invisible in formal UNFCCC frameworks and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). While identity groups are increasingly recognized, the authors find that the specific practice of 'defense' is overlooked, and EHRDs continue to face systemic violence and criminalization, particularly in resource-rich regions. The study advocates for a shift from identity-based recognition to practice-based inclusion to enhance the accountability and effectiveness of global climate governance.

The ACT2025 Alliance Statement outlines a comprehensive 'Ambition, Solidarity, and Prosperity' package for COP26. It calls for major emitters to align NDCs with the 1.5°C goal, demands that developed countries meet and exceed the $100 billion annual climate finance pledge, and advocates for the operationalization of the Global Goal on Adaptation and the establishment of Loss and Damage as a permanent agenda item. The consortium emphasizes the need for a reformed financial system that prioritizes grants over loans and the adoption of a common five-year time frame for NDCs to ensure near-term accountability.

The report provides an economic analysis of securing indigenous land rights in the Amazon basin of Bolivia, Brazil, and Colombia. Using matching analysis, it finds that tenure-secure indigenous forestlands have significantly lower deforestation rates than similar non-secure lands. A benefit-cost analysis indicates that the investment is low-cost and high-benefit, with total ecosystem service benefits estimated between $679 and $1,530 billion over 20 years, while costs represent less than 1 percent of these benefits. The report argues that securing indigenous tenure is a more cost-effective carbon mitigation measure than fossil carbon capture and storage. It recommends that governments reform laws to strengthen community land rights and integrate tenure security into their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

The document examines the purpose, elements, and implementation of long-term climate strategies, emphasizing the need to align near-term actions (NDCs) with mid-century goals. It covers the role of modeling, the integration of adaptation and sustainable development, the necessity of climate-aligned finance, and the importance of a 'just transition' for workers in carbon-intensive industries.

The document evaluates the evolution of REDD+ from local projects to jurisdictional approaches, noting that while national initiatives have improved forest monitoring and governance, most have failed to reverse absolute deforestation. It highlights the emergence of subnational jurisdictional strategies as a way to link climate incentives with sustainable supply chains and recommends a rights-based approach that prioritizes indigenous peoples and local communities.

The report assesses G20 countries' efforts to meet their Paris Agreement commitments, noting that while all have taken concrete actions, progress and ambition vary. Key highlights include India's aggressive solar targets, China's integration of environmental stewardship into its 13th Five-Year Plan, and Indonesia's peatland restoration efforts. However, challenges remain, such as Turkey's planned expansion of coal power and Saudi Arabia's lack of a formal 2030 GHG target.

The report argues that while land restoration offers high economic returns—estimated at $7 to $30 for every dollar invested—it remains severely underfunded with an annual gap of approximately $300 billion. It identifies seven systemic barriers to investment, including the lack of market value for public benefits and long investment horizons. The authors recommend a cross-sectoral government approach, the use of carbon taxes to fund restoration, and the implementation of risk-mitigation tools like first-loss guarantees and tax credits to attract private capital. The document also provides a framework for economic valuation to make the full suite of ecosystem services visible to decision-makers.

The document explains that forests influence climate stability through four non-carbon biophysical processes: albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols. It highlights that tropical deforestation contributes 50% more to global warming than carbon accounting alone suggests and can increase local peak temperatures by over 7.6°C. The authors propose six specific actions for UNFCCC parties to integrate these effects into national GHG inventories, Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), REDD+ financing, adaptation planning, the Global Stocktake, and the IPCC's Seventh Assessment Report.

The document outlines four critical barriers to the adoption of nature-based solutions (NbS) for climate adaptation: lack of awareness, policy and governance gaps, knowledge and capacity deficits, and financial challenges. It argues that NbS, also known as Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA), are underutilized despite their ability to reduce disaster risk and enhance resilience. To address these issues, WWF and partners are developing a global NbS platform to provide tailored technical assistance to governments, particularly in the Global South, to help them mainstream NbS into national strategies like NDCs and NAPs.

The 'Food is Local' fellowship by WWF International provides funding for master's and PhD students from 32 eligible countries to conduct interdisciplinary research on transforming food systems to be more sustainable, equitable, and climate-resilient. Eligible applicants must be citizens of the listed countries, have two years of conservation experience, and plan to start their studies by January 2024. Research proposals are encouraged to cover themes such as agroecological practices, gender equity, and the role of food systems in achieving Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

The Pantanal is the world's largest wetland, spanning Brazil, Bolivia, and Paraguay, and providing ecosystem services valued at $112 billion. It faces threats from land use changes, upstream pollution, and climate change, which is predicted to make the region hotter and drier. WWF is implementing a 'Trinational Initiative' to promote sustainable infrastructure, expand protected areas, and eradicate deforestation, which has already caused a loss of over 12% of the region's forest cover.

A coalition of organizations commits to reaching net-zero emissions in South Africa by 2050, advocating for a just transition and strengthened national climate policies.

WWF US reviewed 151 NDCs from 179 countries to evaluate the integration of protected areas into national climate strategies. The analysis found that while 37% of countries explicitly mention protected areas, there is significant under-reporting of nature-based solutions, particularly regarding carbon sequestration and ecosystem-based adaptation. Developing nations generally demonstrated higher ambition than developed economies. The report provides five recommendations for Parties to enhance their NDCs, including setting measurable targets for area expansion and managing protected areas for future climate risks.

The document highlights the critical role of mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs in Belize for carbon sequestration and coastal protection. It details a partnership between the Belize Government, WWF, and other entities to assess carbon stocks, set measurable protection targets, and establish a monitoring, verification, and reporting (MRV) framework to support Belize's climate commitments.

The document argues that interdisciplinary knowledge gaps, limited technical capacity, and inadequate monitoring tools are major barriers to the adoption of nature-based solutions (NbS) for climate adaptation. It highlights a significant lack of evidence and technical expertise in developing countries, noting that 60% of a global analysis of NbS case studies for natural hazard reduction were located in Europe. Key barriers include a shortage of trained professionals, limited access to geospatial technology, and the failure to integrate indigenous knowledge. These gaps make it difficult to build business cases for NbS, leading to a continued reliance on conventional engineered infrastructure.