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A statement from the Life After Coal/Impilo Ngaphandle Kwamalahle campaign (comprising the Centre for Environmental Rights, groundWork, and Earthlife Africa Johannesburg) addressed to the South African Minister of Environmental Affairs. The letter seeks clarification and proposes amendments to the National Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Reporting Regulations and the National Pollution Prevention Plan Regulations, citing ambiguities that could undermine climate reporting and transparency.

This amicus curiae brief, submitted by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and the Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide-US (ELAW), opposes a petition for a writ of mandamus in a case involving the right to a climate system capable of sustaining human life. The brief argues that the district court did not commit a clear legal error in recognizing this right, citing international law, treaties, and foreign and domestic jurisprudence to support the link between a stable climate and fundamental human rights.

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute argues that meeting the Paris Agreement's temperature goals requires an explicit phase-down of fossil fuel production, not just consumption. It outlines six mechanisms within the UNFCCC framework—including NDCs, long-term strategies, and the global stocktake—that Parties can use to integrate supply-side restrictions and transition support into their climate commitments.

This research paper examines the international carbon market mechanisms established under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, specifically Cooperative Approaches (Art. 6.2-3) and the Mechanism for Sustainable Development and Mitigation (Art. 6.4-7). It analyzes the evolving goals of these markets and the ongoing negotiations regarding their technical design and governance.

This guide from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) introduces the 22nd session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 22) to the UNFCCC, focusing on the preparations for implementing the Paris Climate Change Agreement.

This guidance document from the NewClimate Institute provides a framework for policymakers to design national mitigation strategies for the refrigeration, air conditioning and foam (RAC&F) sector. It emphasizes the need to align efforts between the UNFCCC and the Montreal Protocol to meet the temperature targets of the Paris Agreement.

This policy briefing argues that subnational governments and cities are essential for implementing international climate agreements but are often excluded from the formal negotiating tables of the UNFCCC. It highlights the role of transnational actors like ICLEI in bridging this gap and recommends a shift toward 'co-production' between national and local governments to ensure climate targets are implementable at the local scale.

This briefing note from the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the concept of loss and damage in climate change policy, distinguishing between scientific grounding and political interpretations within the UNFCCC framework.

The minutes of the 42nd Meeting of the Executive Council (EC) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held on June 17, 2016, in Santiago, Chile, detail administrative decisions, the selection process for a new Executive Director, and communication strategies for the IAI's 25th anniversary.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute outlines four critical design questions for the Global Stocktake (GST) as the Ad hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA) begins defining its parameters. The GST is described as a collective review every five years, starting in 2023, intended to drive the 'ambition mechanism' of the Paris Agreement by informing successive Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

This report by the NewClimate Institute synthesizes the challenges and lessons learned by UNFCCC Parties during the preparation of intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs) leading up to the Paris Agreement. It aims to inform the implementation and ambition of subsequent nationally determined contributions (NDCs), drawing on NewClimate Institute research, surveys with developing country representatives, and GIZ's experience working with over 30 partner countries.

Dr. Daniel A. Reifsnyder, former Co-Chair of the Ad Hoc Group on the Durban Platform (ADP), describes the negotiating process and key features of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. He details the transition from the 2012 Durban decision to the final adoption of the agreement on December 12, 2015, emphasizing the importance of a "Party-driven" process and the role of the October 5 non-paper as a template for the final deal.

This research paper outlines methods and options for assessing the ambition of mitigation commitments, specifically focusing on Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) and their integration into the UNFCCC process.

This book chapter, part of the Research Handbook on Climate Governance, examines the increasing institutional fragmentation of global climate governance and argues for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to transition from a high-regulatory role to one of a complexity 'manager' or 'orchestrator'.

This research paper analyzes 101 case studies from the UNFCCC Nairobi Work Programme's Private Sector Initiative to evaluate the alignment between private sector adaptation finance and the criteria established in UN climate negotiations.

This technical annex assesses progress toward Goal 5 of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), which aims to restore 150 million hectares of degraded landscapes and forestlands by 2020 and an additional 200 million hectares by 2030. The report uses restoration pledges from the Bonn Challenge and the UNFCCC's Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) as proxies to measure progress toward these targets.

This report, produced by the OECD and Climate Policy Initiative, provides preliminary estimates of climate finance mobilized by developed countries for developing countries in 2013 and 2014 to track progress toward the USD 100 billion annual goal by 2020.

This briefing note for the Pan-African Parliament outlines the objectives and key themes of the 21st session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), scheduled for November 30 to December 11, 2015, in Paris.

This research paper examines the risks of double counting emission reductions under the UNFCCC, identifying the primary forms of double counting and proposing areas for international coordination to mitigate these risks across two time periods: through 2020 and post-2020.

This perspective article analyzes the transition in climate governance from a top-down, UNFCCC-centered model to a diversified, polycentric, and multi-level approach, while questioning whether the effectiveness of these new forms is supported by evidence.