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Plan 1.5 issued a statement criticizing the Climate Change Center for continuing a cookstove project in Myanmar despite the 2021 military coup, alleging that the project provides administrative legitimacy to the military junta and involves inflated carbon emission reductions.

The 'Guía de Ambición 2024' by Transforma is a guide designed to help the public understand the key instruments of the Paris Agreement used to combat climate change. It describes a 'mechanism of ambition' consisting of long-term strategies, medium-term national climate commitments, and biennial transparency reports, all aimed at achieving carbon neutrality and climate resilience by 2050.

A research paper by the NewClimate Institute estimating the potential supply of carbon offset credits for the International Civil Aviation Organisation's CORSIA scheme from 2013 to 2035.

This executive summary highlights a significant gap between projected fossil fuel production for 2030 and the levels required to meet the Paris Agreement goals, warning that current expansion risks locking in infrastructure that makes emission reductions more costly.

A statement by Helen Mountford of the World Resources Institute regarding the conclusion of COP24 in Katowice, Poland, noting that while negotiations were contentious, they established the necessary rulebook and foundations to implement the Paris Agreement.

This research paper identifies factors influencing the environmental integrity of international carbon market mechanisms under the Paris Agreement and suggests that policy-makers use a combination of approaches to mitigate associated risks.

A statement by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon delivered at Climate Action 2016 in Washington D.C., emphasizing the transition from the Paris Agreement's promises to implementation and the need for a radical transformation to a zero-carbon global economy.

This research paper examines the risks of double counting emission reductions under the UNFCCC, identifying the primary forms of double counting and proposing areas for international coordination to mitigate these risks across two time periods: through 2020 and post-2020.

This research paper evaluates methods for carbon market-based mechanisms to generate net emission reductions in host countries, concluding that applying discounts to avoided emissions and standardising below business-as-usual are the most promising options.

This research paper assesses the risks and mechanisms of double counting emission reductions within the UNFCCC framework. It identifies four primary types of double counting—double issuance, double claiming, double use, and double purpose—and evaluates current rules under the Kyoto Protocol and various voluntary schemes. The authors propose a comprehensive framework for a post-2020 climate regime, recommending a 'net flows' accounting approach, specific mechanism design principles to prevent double issuance, and the use of globally unique serial numbers for unit tracking.

This briefing note from the International Institute for Sustainable Development outlines fiscal policy instruments as tools to facilitate the transition to a green economy, providing case studies from Germany and Canada to illustrate how taxes, subsidies, and levies can incentivize sustainable practices.

This policy paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute and other experts evaluates the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) framework for standardized baselines. The authors argue that the current approach is too rigid, potentially leading to both under-crediting and over-crediting of emission reductions, and recommend a more flexible, data-driven, and sector-specific methodology to ensure environmental integrity and practical applicability.

This policy note by the Stockholm Environment Institute evaluates whether revisions to the ACM0013 methodology can resolve systematic flaws in awarding Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) to coal power projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The authors argue that while some technical fixes are possible, fundamental challenges regarding data noise, additionality, and long-term climate goals make it unlikely that revised methodologies can ensure coal power CERs are real, measurable, and additional.

This policy brief introduces the Climate Impact Equity Lens (CIEL), a tool developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute to analyze climate change impacts on individuals rather than relying on aggregate regional or global economic models. CIEL identifies 'winners' and 'losers' by comparing the costs of climate damages against the savings gained from not investing in emission reductions. The brief argues that while many currently benefit from inaction, the majority of the global population will suffer net losses by 2100, and almost everyone will be a net loser by 2150, necessitating more stringent and fair climate policies to protect the most vulnerable.

This research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the application of CDM Methodology ACM0013 for coal power projects, arguing that systemic flaws in the methodology and its application lead to significant over-crediting of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) and a failure to ensure project additionality.

This briefing by Friends of the Earth International argues against the expansion of carbon markets at the COP in Durban, characterizing them as a 'false solution' to the climate crisis. The document contends that carbon trading allows industrialized nations to avoid domestic emission reductions by purchasing offsets, thereby perpetuating dependence on fossil fuels and harming communities in the Global South.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International criticizing industrialized Annex I countries for their lack of commitment to emission reductions and financial support for developing nations during climate talks in Poznan.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) analyzes the design of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, drawing on a case study of Joint Implementation (JI) forest projects in Costa Rica. It evaluates the technical challenges of quantifying carbon sequestration—such as baselines, leakage, and durability—and argues that the CDM must integrate strict legal and institutional safeguards to ensure that forest projects provide genuine climate benefits without undermining biodiversity or the rights of local and indigenous communities.

This policy brief by the Center for International Environmental Law argues that the success of the Kyoto Protocol depends on the United States exercising moral leadership through domestic emission reductions and the closure of treaty loopholes.

This report by Friends of the Earth International critiques the international climate negotiation process leading up to COP 17 in Durban. It argues that rich industrialized nations are avoiding their historical responsibility by promoting voluntary pledges and carbon market mechanisms rather than legally binding emission cuts. The document calls for a systemic shift away from neoliberal economic models toward climate justice, demanding radical domestic emission reductions, public financing for the Global South, and the protection of indigenous and local community rights.