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The document highlights that one in five Canadians began growing food at home during the pandemic, often due to concerns over prices and shortages. It notes high concentration in the meat processing industry, where 85% of animals are processed in three plants that all faced outbreaks, and reports that one in seven Canadians experienced food insecurity in May 2020.

The document argues that Indonesia's electricity subsidies are inefficiently distributed, benefiting non-poor households and densely populated areas like Java while neglecting remote regions. It highlights that electricity subsidies have increased from Rp8.8 trillion in 2005 to Rp58 trillion in 2016, and that reform is necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and ensure support reaches the poor. Despite multiple delays, reform plans for early 2017 aim to narrow the number of subsidy recipients in the 450VA and 900VA connection classes.

The Angovo project, implemented by ANKA in southern Madagascar, aims to install over 3.5 MWp of solar mini-grid capacity to serve 15,600 clients and approximately 70,000 beneficiaries. With a total budget of EUR 14,550,000, the project utilizes a blended finance model involving the EU, AFD, GIZ, and private investors. Beyond electricity provision, the initiative integrates e-health, e-education, and Agrigrid© programs to stimulate rural economic development and mitigate up to 5,000 tonnes of CO2 emissions per year.

The document lists ten financing programs providing grants, seed funding, and technical assistance for renewable energy technologies. These programs target various stages of business development, from R&D and pilots to scaling and commercial expansion, primarily within African nations and other low-income or developing regions. Funding amounts vary significantly, ranging from small grants of US $15,000 to large-scale transition grants of up to US $15 million.

The report highlights the failure of biomass power plants (PLTBm) in the Mentawai Islands, which operated for less than a year and forced the cutting of indigenous forests due to unsuitable bamboo varieties. It argues that the push for bioenergy is suspicious given the region's higher potential for solar and hydro power. Furthermore, it documents a stark disparity in land control, where large corporate forest concessions (PBPH) threaten natural forests and indigenous territories, while local communities struggle for legal recognition of their ancestral lands.

The document describes how solar energy can be integrated into farming through solar lighting, heating, photovoltaic (PV) electricity, crop drying, and solar greenhouses. It highlights that solar energy is a practical alternative to fossil fuels and grid electricity, particularly for remote operations, and provides specific examples of cost savings and reliability improvements in livestock and crop production.

The San Joaquin Valley faces severe air quality issues, with Bakersfield and Merced identified as the most ozone-polluted cities in the US in 2003. The region failed to meet federal health standards for fine particulate matter by 2004, with agriculture and heavy transport identified as primary emission sources.

The document reports that 2014 was the hottest year on record, continuing a 38-year trend of above-average global temperatures. It highlights that monthly temperatures have remained above average since December 1984 and links this warming trend to manmade greenhouse gas emissions and an increase in costly climate disasters.

The document details the acceleration of global sea-level rise and the formation of the Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact by four county governments to coordinate mitigation and adaptation strategies.

The document defines Renewable Electricity Standards (RES) as policies requiring a minimum percentage of electric power to come from eligible renewable sources. It details how these standards create market demand for clean energy, the types of eligible resources, and the potential for business opportunities through the sale of electricity or renewable energy credits (RECs). The text also outlines the state-level adoption of RES in the U.S. as of 2008 and discusses the legislative history and arguments surrounding a proposed national RES.

Climate change is identified as a significant driver of altered fire activity in the Western United States, where rising temperatures and earlier snowmelt are linked to more frequent and longer-lasting large wildfires.

The document defines 'cost parity' as the cost-competitiveness between renewable energy and traditional electricity supply. It outlines specific criteria for determining competitiveness based on the deployment model: behind-the-meter generation is competitive when its average cost equals or is less than the retail price (plus backup savings in developing economies); Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) are competitive when the price is lower than or equal to the retail price; and wholesale generation is competitive in the long-run when its average cost equals average wholesale costs.

The document defines cap-and-trade as a market-based system that sets a maximum limit on greenhouse gas emissions, creating a carbon price through the supply and demand of emission allowances. It details the differences between upstream and downstream regulation, compares cap-and-trade to carbon taxes, and lists existing programs such as the EU-ETS and RGGI.

The Green Power Market Development Group (GPMDG) India, a partnership between the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), works to increase renewable energy adoption in India's commercial and industrial sectors. By addressing policy and market barriers, the group facilitates procurement, shares best practices, and aggregates demand for technologies like solar PV. As of July 31, 2015, GPMDG supported 250 MW of renewable energy, including 110 MW facilitated by its Bangalore chapter in Karnataka during its first year of operations.

Initiative 20x20 is a regional partnership in Latin America and the Caribbean designed to restore degraded landscapes through reforestation, agroforestry, and silvopasture. The initiative has surpassed its initial goal of 20 million hectares and has earmarked US$2.4 billion for project financing. The program addresses the fact that at least 200 million hectares of land in the region are severely degraded and that 49% of regional emissions stem from land-use change, forestry, and agriculture.

The document describes the launch of TerraMatch, a platform designed to overcome funding delays in reforestation by using an algorithm to match vetted project developers with funders based on specific preferences such as geography and restoration methods. It aims to facilitate the growth of one trillion trees to combat climate change and support vulnerable communities.

The document defines Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) as tradable instruments representing one megawatt hour (MWh) of renewable electricity generation. It distinguishes between compliance markets, driven by state policies like Renewable Portfolio Standards, and voluntary markets driven by consumer preference. The text highlights the importance of third-party certification, such as Green-e®, to ensure credibility and outlines how factors like technology type and local demand influence pricing. It further clarifies that RECs differ from carbon offsets and explains the distinction between bundled green electricity and unbundled REC purchases.

The document defines a greenhouse gas offset as a unit of carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO2e) reduced, avoided, or sequestered to compensate for emissions elsewhere. It outlines five essential criteria for environmental integrity: offsets must be real (representing actual reductions relative to a baseline), permanent (not reversible), additional (resulting from carbon market incentives rather than business-as-usual), verifiable (monitored by independent third parties), and enforceable (tracked via registries to prevent double counting). The text distinguishes between regulatory markets, where government agencies set standards, and voluntary markets, which rely on various independent standards for quality assurance. It notes that while offsets can support corporate emissions strategies after internal mitigation is maximized, future climate programs are more likely to recognize internal abatement over offsets.

Corporate GHG inventories are management tools used by companies to quantify emissions, identify sources, and track reductions. Following standards like the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard, companies categorize emissions into Scope 1 (direct), Scope 2 (indirect from purchased energy), and Scope 3 (other indirect). These inventories differ from national or regional inventories, which use proxy data for entire sectors, but they feed into GHG registries such as The Climate Registry and the Carbon Disclosure Project.

The Great Plains, a temperate grassland system spanning from Canada to Mexico, supports thousands of plant and animal species but faces threats from agriculture, resource extraction, and invasive species. WWF is implementing conservation strategies for keystone and endangered species, including bison, black-footed ferrets, and prairie dogs, while working with Native Nations and ranchers to restore native grasslands and improve migration corridors for animals like the pronghorn.