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This report by Global Energy Monitor analyzes global coal power trends in 2025, highlighting a growing divergence between increasing installed capacity and decreasing actual generation. While coal expansion remains concentrated in China and India, the total number of countries proposing or constructing new coal plants has declined. The document specifically contrasts the coal policies of South Korea, which has committed to a 2040 phase-out, and Japan, which continues to emphasize technical abatement and gradual adjustments without a binding national phase-out date.

An Ember report finds that global coal mine methane (CMM) emissions remained broadly steady between 2021 and 2023, despite an 8% increase in global coal production. The report highlights significant discrepancies between official UNFCCC-reported data and independent estimates, noting that six of the nine largest emitters failed to submit official 2023 CMM data.

This report section analyzes the impact of commodity dependence on African economies, detailing the 'resource curse' where heavy reliance on raw material exports correlates with poor governance, political corruption, and slow economic growth. It contrasts the development trajectories of resource-rich and resource-poor nations and discusses the role of sovereign wealth funds and the global energy transition in shaping future demand.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the systemic lack of transparency and consistency in reporting oil accidents across the Americas. It highlights that while the region contains three of the world's largest oil producers and consumers, most nations fail to provide open, updated datasets, hindering risk assessment for future drilling and environmental governance.

This report by Ember analyzes the challenge of solar and wind energy curtailment in Chile, where renewable generation has grown rapidly but is hindered by limited transmission and storage capacity. It proposes a phased package of policy and technical measures—including battery storage, dynamic line rating, and demand response markets—to reduce waste and maximize the potential of Chile's clean energy resources over the next five years.

This policy brief by Ember analyzes the challenge of renewable energy curtailment (vertimientos) in Chile, where solar and wind generation have grown rapidly but are hindered by transmission bottlenecks and a lack of system flexibility. The document proposes a 'Clean Flexibility Kit' of short, medium, and long-term measures—including battery storage, dynamic line rating, and demand response markets—to maximize the use of clean energy and reduce economic losses for investors.

This policy brief examines climate financing mechanisms in Brazil and South Africa, focusing on carbon pricing, green bonds, green taxonomies, and central bank regulations. It argues that these two BRICS nations are well-positioned to lead the Global South in advocating for a reformed global financial architecture—specifically the restructuring of the World Bank and IMF—to ensure more affordable and equitable climate finance for developing economies.

A report by Ember using TROPOMI satellite data and wind-rotation methods reveals that fugitive methane emissions from Australian coal mines are significantly higher than officially reported. The analysis, covering six mining clusters, found that emissions in 2020 were at least 40% higher than national reports, with particularly severe underreporting in New South Wales.

This research paper examines how replacing native dry forests with pastures to increase livestock productivity affects water flow partitioning in the Arid Chaco plains of San Luis, Argentina.

This toolkit by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines policy options to address carbon leakage—the displacement of production and emissions to countries with lower climate ambition. It analyzes the trade-offs of international frameworks, Border Carbon Adjustments (BCAs), carbon cost containment, subsidies, and product standards, noting that while carbon pricing coverage grew to 24% of emissions in 2024, price divergence continues to drive leakage risks.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and Amazon 2030 analyzes legal partnership models in Brazilian administrative law to facilitate the large-scale restoration of degraded public lands, particularly in the Amazon. It evaluates the current standard of forestry concessions alongside alternatives such as ordinary tenders, common public service concessions, and Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), assessing their viability, risk distribution, and applicability to different land categories.

This executive summary describes a comparative study of ecotones (transition zones between forested and non-forested sites) across one site in Canada and four in South America. The research examines how climate change, land use, and anthropogenic pressures influence the movement and definition of ecosystem boundaries.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes policy measures used by Costa Rica, Gabon, Indonesia, Peru, and Rwanda to combat deforestation and explores how voluntary sustainability standards (VSSs) can complement these government efforts.

This report evaluates how China, India, and Vietnam translate their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) into national transport strategies and policies, emphasizing the need for better coordination across governance levels and policy areas to achieve decarbonization.

This research paper by the NewClimate Institute analyzes the relationship between the number of climate policies in force and projected greenhouse gas emission change rates between 2021 and 2030, identifying specific policy gaps in countries with high or stalling emissions.

This report, commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency and produced by the Stockholm Environment Institute, maps climate change adaptation efforts in Finland, Germany, the UK, Sweden, and Austria using document analysis and interviews.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes energy efficiency (EE) mechanisms for electricity-intensive consumers, comparing international experiences from the European Union, USA, China, and other nations with the current policy landscape in Brazil. It identifies direct and indirect benefits of EE, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and increased industrial competitiveness, and evaluates various regulatory, fiscal, and market-based instruments to provide recommendations for improving Brazil's energy efficiency framework.

This report analyzes whether 67 countries integrated climate adaptation and resilience into their COVID-19 recovery measures between January 2020 and December 2021. The analysis reveals a paradox where a country's income level was a more significant determinant of climate-responsive recovery than its actual vulnerability to climate risks.

This RMI insight brief examines the policy landscapes for clean hydrogen-based steelmaking in China and Europe, analyzing the potential for hydrogen-based steel in China and offering policy recommendations to support the transition to zero-carbon steelmaking.

This research paper examines decarbonisation options for the heating sector in Ulaanbaatar, comparing full electrification with the use of solar assisted ground source heat pumps (SAGSHP) to reduce electricity demand and total costs.