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This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative explains how green securitisation—the process of creating asset-backed securities (ABS) from low-carbon assets—can unlock finance for small-scale projects. It details various structures including synthetic ABS, PACE ABS, solar ABS, and green mortgage-backed securities, highlighting how aggregating small assets allows institutional investors to provide capital to SMEs and urban infrastructure.

This report proposes Sustainable Land Bonds (SLBs) as a financial mechanism for tropical forest countries to secure low-cost, long-term capital from mainstream bond markets to transition toward sustainable, low-carbon land management and meet Paris Agreement commitments.

This synthesis paper by the Climate Policy Initiative proposes a systems thinking approach to optimize international public climate finance. It identifies systemic barriers in developing countries—such as short-termism in banking and capital volatility—and argues that international public actors must shift from a project-finance focus to a financial system development focus to effectively leverage private capital and meet Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative and Agroicone outlines the practical implications of a Supreme Court decision regarding the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code. It details the legal regimes for landowners based on deforestation dates, the role of the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA), and specific rules for Legal Forest Reserve recovery and compensation.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and Agroicone discusses the legal status and implementation steps of the Brazilian Forest Code (Federal Law No. 12,651/2012) following a February 2018 Supreme Federal Court (STF) ruling. The document outlines the requirements for rural producers to achieve environmental regularization, the benefits available to those who deforested before July 22, 2008, and the critical deadlines for registration in the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR).

This article analyzes a decision by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court (STF) regarding the 2012 Forest Code (Law No. 12,651/2012), specifically focusing on how contradictory rulings regarding the Environmental Reserve Quote (CRA) create legal uncertainty and potentially weaken this market-based mechanism for environmental regularization.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the Indonesian Village Fund, a fiscal instrument established in 2015 to promote rural economic development and reduce welfare gaps. While the fund has grown significantly in size and provides over 50% of village revenue, the study finds that spending is overwhelmingly directed toward transportation infrastructure rather than sustainable land use or environmental protection. The report identifies critical gaps in technical capacity, regulatory guidance, and coordination between village and district planning, offering five strategic recommendations to align the fund with sustainability goals.

This research paper by the Climate Policy Initiative proposes a systems thinking framework to accelerate climate finance by analyzing the interactions between international public finance actors and domestic financial systems in developing countries. It identifies systemic trends, catalogues the roles of various financial actors, and provides a methodology for mapping system dynamics to optimize coordination and collaboration.

This research paper analyzes the USD 18-36 trillion climate investment gap in developing countries and identifies key barriers to scaling finance, such as access to capital and investor skill gaps. It evaluates the roles of various public finance actors—including MDBs, bilateral DFIs, and National Development Banks—highlighting that while NDBs provide the largest flows, they often lack risk mitigation tools. The authors recommend that public actors adopt more flexible capital strategies, harmonize standards, and shift from project-specific finance to broader financial system development to better leverage private investment.

This research paper evaluates the Pan-Canadian Framework (PCF) using the Canada Energy Policy Simulator (EPS), a tool developed by the Pembina Institute and Energy Innovation. The analysis finds that the PCF is insufficient to meet Canada's 2030 Paris Agreement goals and suggests that extending and strengthening these policies would improve environmental, economic, and public health outcomes.

This report by BFA for FSD Africa assesses the demand for and business case for providing formal financial services to refugees in Rwanda. It concludes that refugees are a viable customer segment with income levels and profitability potential comparable to typical low-income Rwandan nationals, provided that financial service providers (FSPs) utilize cross-selling strategies and regulatory hurdles regarding identification are addressed.

This FSD Africa briefing highlights the persistent gender gap in financial inclusion in sub-Saharan Africa and presents Savings Groups as a successful strategy for empowerment. These member-owned groups provide low-income women with access to savings, credit, and insurance, serving as a pathway to formal financial services. The FSD Network has invested over $28 million since 2008 to expand these groups across several African nations and is partnering with the SEEP Network to generate evidence on their impact on women's empowerment.

The Uganda Green Economy Barometer 2018 examines the status of Uganda's transition to a green economy, highlighting the gap between a conducive policy environment and actual implementation. While the country possesses significant natural capital and a low greenhouse gas emissions profile, the transition is hindered by high initial costs, inadequate funding, and poor policy enforcement. The report advocates for a green growth model to drive economic growth, create millions of jobs, and ensure environmental sustainability as a pathway to middle-income status.

This fact sheet analyzes the impact of water scarcity on the Stellenbosch Municipality (SM), highlighting that high urban growth and irrigated agriculture could lead to a significant water deficit by 2040, potentially costing the local economy R10.3 billion per year and 56,602 jobs.

This GreenCape briefing argues that investing in water efficiency and alternative water sources is financially sound for businesses even after droughts end. Using three business models (office, medium manufacturing, and large manufacturing), it demonstrates that solutions like smart metering, retrofitting, and effluent reuse can reduce municipal water reliance by up to 70% and costs by 60%, with most solutions paying back within six years.

This March 2018 report from the Institute for Security Studies analyzes the African Union's Peace and Security Council (PSC), focusing on its struggles to implement counter-terrorism frameworks, funding crises facing the AMISOM mission in Somalia, constitutional disputes in Burundi, and structural instability in the CEMAC region of Central Africa.

This RMI insight brief argues that the global climate finance system must evolve from a focus on 'direct access' to multilateral funds toward establishing national institutions, specifically Green Investment Banks (GIBs), to ensure true country ownership. The authors posit that for large emerging markets, national GIBs can better mobilize domestic private capital and coordinate financial flows to achieve nationally determined commitments (NDCs) than current international structures.

This research paper by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines the use of country systems (UCS) in Morocco, focusing on how Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) can better integrate local public financial management (PFM), procurement, and environmental and social frameworks (ESF) into their financing operations.

This policy brief argues that South Africa has experienced a 'de-norming' of human rights in its foreign policy, moving from its 1994 commitment to be a human rights promoter to a position of inconsistency and 'normative backsliding' in multilateral forums.

The Cooling for All Policy Review, published by Sustainable Energy for All in March 2018, examines the global landscape of cooling policies, focusing on Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) for air conditioners and refrigerators, building efficiency codes, urban heat island mitigation, and cold chain infrastructure.