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The document examines the impact of KERC order S/03/01, which provided a ten-year exemption from wheeling charges, banking charges, and cross subsidy surcharges for solar generators achieving commercial operation before 31 March 2018. While the order is welcomed by market participants and improved viability for commercial consumers, the paper finds that tangible on-ground impacts in terms of commissioned capacity and wheeled energy will likely only be evident from the fourth quarter of Financial Year 2016 onwards due to delays in understanding the order and challenges with land and power evacuation.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) is the largest multilateral climate fund, designed to mobilize public and private finance for low-emissions and climate-resilient development while balancing mitigation and adaptation. This guide serves as an educational tool to help stakeholders navigate the GCF's complex policy landscape and understand critical undecided issues that impact the Fund's mission and its recipients.

The document introduces 'Switching to Green', a resource for office- and retail-based organizations in the United States to procure renewable energy. It notes that over 70 percent of US electricity is generated from fossil fuels, causing significant air and carbon pollution, and aims to simplify the procurement process for companies without an energy background.

The paper analyzes the policy landscape for clean energy transition in India's MSME sector from 2010-2020, highlighting that while government commitment exists, adoption is hindered by awareness gaps, burdensome application processes, and a shift in SME priorities toward pandemic recovery. It finds that the integration of central and state schemes is more effective than stand-alone state programs.

The paper argues that the United States must invest up to $6 billion per year in federal funding over the next decade to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, targeting a removal benchmark of 2 GtCO2 per year. It distinguishes carbon removal—which includes natural methods like tree restoration and high-tech methods like direct air capture—from emissions reduction measures such as CCS with fossil energy. The author asserts that public funding is necessary to bridge the gap between costs and co-benefits for natural pathways, while technological pathways require sustained R&D and commercialization support.

The document presents the first estimates of manufacturing subsector-specific energy use for the 10 member states of the Midwestern Governors Association (MGA). It aims to fill a data gap where public sources only provide general manufacturing data, thereby enabling policymakers to better identify energy efficiency potential and strategies that balance environmental and economic outcomes. The paper combines energy-use data with state-by-state policy summaries to highlight trends in industrial energy efficiency and cost competitiveness.

The analysis finds that most energy supply investments by the World Bank, IFC, and ADB are either aligned with or could be aligned with 2°C pathways under specific conditions. Electricity transmission and distribution (T&D) represent the largest share of financing for the World Bank and ADB, accounting for approximately half of the volume of financing and 40 percent of projects. While renewables projects outnumbered natural gas power generation projects in both number and finance volume, the report warns that natural gas must act as a true 'bridge' by displacing coal rather than adding to it. The study identified 21 oil and gas production projects as 'controversial' due to high emissions and lock-in risk. Misaligned projects often cited strong development rationales, but the authors argue that the urgency of climate change requires transformational rather than incremental improvements. The report recommends that MDBs improve disclosure of indirect financing, shift toward newer technologies like battery storage, and ensure fossil fuel production support is reviewed against G7 commitments to phase out inefficient subsidies by 2025.

The document proposes a federal carbon tax on the carbon content of oil, coal, and natural gas as an efficient fiscal tool for the United States. It suggests that such a tax would be easy to administer, covering 82 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions by targeting approximately 2,000 entities. The brief highlights the potential for significant revenue generation—citing a CBO estimate of $208 billion over ten years from a tax rising from $12 to $17 per metric ton—which could be used to offset inefficient taxes on labor and investment. Ultimately, the authors argue that a gradual, market-based federal tax would provide the necessary incentives to reduce emissions and improve long-term energy security with minimal economic disruption.

The document introduces a data set providing 14 city-relevant climate hazard indicators for 996 large cities, based on NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 downscaled climate simulations. It compares a 1994-2014 historical baseline against three warming scenarios (1.5°C, 2.0°C, and 3.0°C) to assist city decision-makers in strategic planning and risk management. Key findings indicate that at 3.0°C of warming, cities will experience heatwaves that are 28% longer and 25% more frequent on average than at 1.5°C, alongside increased energy demand for cooling and higher transmission risks for arboviruses.

The document identifies six pathways to scale up the inclusion of ecosystem values in decision-making: mainstreaming values in national economic accounts, improving ecosystem assessments, investing in natural infrastructure, reducing risk in the food and beverage sector, using financial tools like bonds for agricultural landscapes, and using communication tools for community resilience. It argues that current efforts to value ecosystem services—such as pollination and climate regulation—are insufficient to stop ecosystem degradation because these assets are often managed for short-term gain.

The paper addresses the lack of systematic tracking for locally led adaptation (LLA) finance, providing governments with metrics to measure both the amount of funding reaching the local level and the extent to which it supports local agency in decision-making. It suggests three primary implementation categories: budget tagging, expenditure review, and integration with existing policy or planning processes. These tools are intended to improve transparency, accountability, and resource mobilization to ensure investments meet the needs of those most affected by climate change.

The document examines the use of a "Compendium of Commitments" at the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio +20) to ensure accountability for voluntary, time-bound pledges. It notes that previous "bottom up" initiatives, such as the 300+ partnerships from the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development, largely failed due to a lack of monitoring and review. The paper highlights the tension between top-down binding treaties and voluntary pledges, arguing that for the Rio +20 compendium to be effective, it must establish robust frameworks to ensure commitments are specific, measurable, and ambitious enough to address global commons and fundamental human rights.

The document details the requirements for Parties to the Paris Agreement regarding the communication and accounting of their NDCs. It outlines the seven elements of CTU guidance adopted in 2018, the mandatory accounting standards based on IPCC methodologies, and the integration of these elements into the broader Paris Agreement cycle, including the Enhanced Transparency Framework and the Global Stocktake.

The paper analyzes the use of public financing instruments by the World Bank Group, GEF, and CTF to identify ways to increase private sector investment in climate projects in developing countries. It recommends expanding the use of equity and guarantees, targeting grants to poorer countries and new technologies, and addressing institutional barriers such as streamlined fee structures and improved internal coordination.

The document examines the role of technology as a pillar of the Bali Action Plan (BAP) and analyzes UNFCCC Party submissions to determine how an international agreement can support clean technology through funding, capacity building, and monitoring frameworks.

The document argues that while green stimulus can generate jobs and energy cost savings, it cannot replace comprehensive climate policy. It suggests that G-20 leaders coordinate national stimulus programs to support long-term emission goals and build confidence for UN-led negotiations in Copenhagen.

The document argues that carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) may be essential for limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C by 2050. It identifies key technical and regulatory challenges—such as permanence, MRV, and liability—that UNFCCC Parties must address to ensure safe and transparent CCS deployment.

The report identifies how multistakeholder partnerships can drive systemic, long-term change to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals, highlighting four specific success factors that distinguish high-transformation partnerships from those with low potential.

WRI analysis suggests Mexico can achieve its conditional nationally determined contribution (NDC) at an average cost of US$12/ton by implementing 21 policy levers across the electricity, transport, and industry sectors. Such actions could save over 25,000 lives and $5 billion in health costs over 12 years. However, the report argues that meeting current NDC commitments is insufficient to reach Mexico's long-term strategy emissions abatement goal, necessitating higher ambition.

The report examines the ecological and economic importance of southern US forests, noting they provide 18% of global pulpwood despite covering only 2% of world forest area. It details a historical net decline of 40% in forest extent since European settlement and projects that suburban development will convert 19 million acres of forest between 2020 and 2040. The document highlights that 87% of these forests are privately owned, making the implementation of market-based incentives—such as carbon sequestration payments and conservation easements—critical for future sustainability, though current adoption of these measures remains mixed.