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This guide outlines the methodology used by the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) to assess and include debt instruments in its Green Bond Database. It details a three-step screening process based on the Climate Bonds Taxonomy to ensure that listed bonds align with climate science and the 2-degree Celsius warming limit set by the Paris Agreement.

The Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) employs a rigorous screening methodology to identify eligible green bonds for its database, requiring at least 95% of proceeds to align with the Climate Bonds Taxonomy. The taxonomy spans eight sectors, including energy and transport, while strictly excluding fossil fuel-related assets. Bonds certified under the Climate Bonds Standard are automatically included, and the CBI maintains a dynamic process for the re-classification of bonds based on updated information or evolving scientific criteria.

This report explores how fintech technologies—IoT, big data, AI, and blockchain—can be applied to ecosystem management to address complex environmental issues like toxic algal blooms. It argues that while these tools are mature in the financial sector, their adoption in environmental science is slowed by cultural barriers to data sharing. The author suggests that integrating these technologies can lead to 'authoritative open data' and more predictive, real-time environmental management.

This article summarizes the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR-Vegetation), which analyzes ozone distribution and trends across over 3,300 vegetated sites globally using three specific metrics (M12, AOT40, and W126) to assess impacts on vegetation.

A Green Bond Fact Sheet for a USD 750 million senior unsecured bond issued by National Australia Bank on June 11, 2018, with a maturity date of September 20, 2021.

The 'Innovations for Resilience Convening,' held in Munich in November 2017, brought together public and private sector partners to explore sustainable innovations that build resilience and enhance development outcomes. Co-hosted by the Global Resilience Partnership (GRP), World Food Programme (WFP), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and One Billion Coalition for Resilience (1BC), the event focused on the role of technology in addressing the increasing frequency of disasters and shocks, while identifying barriers to scaling these solutions globally.

This policy brief examines the impact of seismic surveys used in oil and gas exploration on marine fauna, specifically within South Africa. It argues that current mitigation guidelines, which are often based on the UK's JNCC standards and developed by the companies conducting the surveys, are insufficient. The author recommends the establishment of an independent regulatory board to create country-specific, science-based legislative frameworks to protect biodiversity and maintain environmental integrity as South Africa expands its ocean economy through Operation Phakisa.

This statement by the International Institute for Sustainable Development argues for a new international paradigm to protect refugees, specifically those displaced by climate change, who currently fall outside the 1951 Convention definition of a refugee.

This briefing by the Center for International Environmental Law reviews the status of human rights, gender equality, and other social considerations within the negotiations for the Paris Agreement's implementation guidelines as of February 2018. It analyzes four key agenda items—Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), Adaptation Communications, the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF), and the Global Stocktake (GST)—detailing the proposals made by various countries and the extent to which these social dimensions were reflected in the co-facilitators' notes following COP-23.

The Green Economy Barometer 2017 by the Green Economy Coalition analyzes the global transition toward sustainability, noting a contrast between booming green markets and persistent reliance on fossil fuels and systemic socio-economic gaps.

In 2017, global green bond issuance grew by 78% to reach USD 155.5 billion, driven largely by the US, China, and France. The market saw a significant increase in sovereign and sub-sovereign issuance, including the first African sovereign green bond from Nigeria. While renewable energy remains the most common use of proceeds, there was a notable rise in allocations for low-carbon buildings and energy efficiency. The report highlights a trend toward the diversification of financial instruments, such as Green MBS and Green Sukuk, and an ongoing effort to unify regional green finance standards.

This report assesses progress toward Goal 3 of the New York Declaration on Forests: significantly reducing deforestation derived from economic sectors other than agriculture by 2020. It highlights the roles of infrastructure and mining as primary drivers of forest loss and identifies critical data gaps that prevent a global aggregate assessment of these impacts.

This guidebook provides a framework and practical options for countries to conduct self-reviews and peer reviews of fossil fuel subsidies (FFSs). It aims to increase transparency and accountability to support the phase-out of inefficient subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, aligning with commitments made by the G7, G20, EU, and APEC.

This executive summary describes a guidebook designed to help countries conduct self- and peer reviews of fossil fuel subsidies (FFS). It outlines the purpose of these reviews as tools for transparency, accountability, and peer learning to support the phase-out of inefficient subsidies. The document details the 'building blocks' of a review—scope, definition, measurement, evaluation, and next steps—and provides practical recommendations based on the experiences of countries such as China, Finland, New Zealand, Peru, and Sweden.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International arguing that the Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) model is fundamentally flawed and should not be revived, calling instead for a complete reset of trade policy to prioritize public good over corporate interests.

This research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute analyses international climate finance flows to 15 Small Island Developing States (SIDS) in the Pacific from 2010 to 2014, using data from the OECD Development Assistance Committee's Creditor Reporting System (CRS). It quantifies the volume, sources, and sectoral distribution of funds, highlighting a heavy reliance on bilateral grants and project-based delivery.

This annex from a Stockholm Environment Institute research paper provides a detailed analysis of climate finance flows to the Cook Islands, covering grant allocations from 2010 to 2014 and multilateral fund activities between January 2015 and September 2016.

This research paper section provides a detailed overview of climate finance flows to Papua New Guinea, detailing grant allocations between 2010 and 2014 and multilateral fund activities from 2015 to 2016.

This research paper appendix provides a detailed overview of climate finance flows to Tonga, focusing on allocations between 2010 and 2014, as well as specific multilateral fund activities through September 2016.

This research paper section provides a detailed breakdown of climate finance flows to Tuvalu, focusing on allocations between 2010 and 2014, as well as specific multilateral fund allocations between 2015 and 2016.