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The report 'Grandeur et Décadence 2025' by Global Energy Monitor and its partners analyzes the state of global coal-fired power plants in 2024. It highlights a paradoxical year where the world saw the lowest number of new coal capacity commissions in twenty years, yet record-breaking construction activity in China and India. While the European Union is accelerating coal retirements, other regions like Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia continue to expand coal capacity, and some OECD nations like Japan and South Korea are extending coal use through ammonia co-firing.

The 'Boom and Bust Coal 2025' report by Global Energy Monitor and partners analyzes global coal power trends in 2024, highlighting a paradox where global new capacity reached a 20-year low while China and India saw record-breaking construction and proposals. The report specifically details Indonesia's struggle with 'captive' coal plants and the complexities of its energy transition goals.

This report by Global Energy Monitor and its partners analyzes global coal power trends in 2024, highlighting a contradiction between record-low new capacity additions globally and record-high construction starts in China and high proposal volumes in India. It specifically examines the strategies of South Korea and Japan to extend the life of coal plants through ammonia co-firing, arguing that these technologies are costly and inconsistent with the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C goal.

The 'Ascensão e Queda 2025' report by Global Energy Monitor and partners tracks the global coal power pipeline as of April 2025. It highlights a paradoxical year where the world saw the lowest amount of new coal capacity in twenty years, yet China and India reached record levels of construction starts and new proposals, respectively.

The April 2025 report "Boom and Bust Coal" by Global Energy Monitor and its partners analyzes global trends in coal-fired power generation. It highlights a global trend toward decommissioning coal plants, contrasted by record-breaking construction starts in China and new proposals in India. The report specifically details Russia's divergence from global trends through its continued planning and construction of new coal capacity to support regional energy demands and the domestic coal industry.

The 'Boom and Bust 2025 Global Coal Plant Tracker' report by Global Energy Monitor and partners analyzes global trends in coal-fired power generation for 2024. It highlights a divergence where coal capacity is declining in the EU, UK, and US, while China and India are seeing record levels of new construction and planning. The document specifically details Turkey's position as an OECD outlier that continues to increase coal-based electricity production despite a general decline in new project proposals.

The report 'Auge y caída del carbón 2025' by Global Energy Monitor analyzes global coal power trends in 2024, highlighting a record low in new capacity additions globally, despite significant construction surges in China and new proposals in India. It details the acceleration of coal phase-outs in the EU and the UK, while examining the persistence of coal subsidies in Brazil and the challenges of transitioning in other regions like Colombia and Southeast Asia.

This research paper argues for the establishment of a common international framework for sovereign debt restructuring based on human rights principles to address the global debt crisis, particularly in the Global South. The authors contend that current contractual, market-based approaches are inequitable and opaque, often prioritizing creditor interests over essential socio-economic rights. They propose a statutory, legally binding mechanism under the auspices of the United Nations to ensure transparency, accountability, and the protection of minimum standards of living during debt workouts.

The 'Boom and Bust Coal 2025' report tracks global coal-fired power plant trends in 2024, noting a 20-year low in new capacity globally, though significant construction surges continue in China and India. While the EU and UK have accelerated coal phase-outs, Indonesia faces a contradictory trend where 'captive' coal plants for industrial use are increasing despite national transition goals.

A statement by Trend Asia and a global coalition of civil society organizations arguing that large-scale forest biomass combustion for energy is not carbon neutral, harms biodiversity, violates community rights, and obstructs the transition to clean energy. The signatories call for the cessation of forest biomass expansion and the removal of related subsidies.

The report analyzes how extreme heatwaves in 2024 increased electricity demand and fossil fuel generation in the world's three largest electricity markets: China, the United States, and India. Using a population-weighted temperature methodology, Ember found that cooling needs significantly drove demand spikes during critical summer months, leading to increased reliance on coal and gas to fill generation gaps.

This report by Trend Asia and debtWATCH Indonesia argues that Indonesia's promotion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a 'transitional fuel' and the continued financing of gas projects by Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) undermine the Paris Agreement and hinder a genuine transition to renewable energy. The document details the environmental, social, and governance risks associated with gas infrastructure, including methane emissions, corruption, and human rights violations.

This report by Trend Asia and debtWatch Indonesia argues that the promotion of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as a "transition fuel" in Indonesia, supported by Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), undermines the Paris Agreement and locks the country into long-term fossil fuel dependency. The document details the environmental, social, and governance risks associated with gas infrastructure, including methane emissions, corruption, and human rights violations.

RMI proposes a 'whole-systems' approach to energy efficiency that combines electrification with 'energy end-use efficiency'—reducing the actual energy services required. By focusing on land-use, passive design, and material circularity, the report argues that overall energy demand can be reduced by 50-75% in some sectors, far exceeding the COP28 goal of a 4% annual improvement rate.

The report by the Africa Policy Research Institute (APRI) analyzes the landscape of bilateral and multilateral agreements between African states and global powers to secure critical minerals essential for the green energy and digital transitions. It examines the strategies of twelve key actors—including China, Russia, the EU, and the US—highlighting a trend toward resource diplomacy driven by national security concerns and the need to diversify supply chains away from dominant suppliers.

This report by RMI uses polyester as a case study to analyze how product definitions and demand from retail sectors can accelerate the market for low-emissions chemicals. It identifies specific technological pathways to reduce the lifecycle emissions of polyester t-shirts and argues that setting emissions reduction thresholds at upstream stages (such as the PET resin step) is more effective at driving chemical industry decarbonization than setting them at the finished fabric stage.

A report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and Friends of the Earth US analyzing the risks and geographic scope of marine geoengineering technologies, arguing that these speculative interventions threaten all ocean basins and distract from fossil fuel phaseout.

This report by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) synthesizes the climate, sustainability, energy, and climate finance commitments made by G20 member countries from 2008 to 2024. It tracks the evolution of these commitments through various summits, highlighting the shift from general statements to specific frameworks like the Paris Agreement and the challenges posed by inconsistent national policies, particularly those of the United States. The document also details the priority areas for South Africa's 2025 G20 presidency, which emphasizes solidarity, equality, and sustainability.

This report by Transforma provides a comprehensive guide for the financial sector to integrate nature-related risks and opportunities into business models. It identifies four primary barriers—undervaluation of nature, regulatory gaps, challenges in nature-based financing, and a knowledge gap—and proposes strategies to overcome them. A significant portion of the document is dedicated to detailing the 'Locate' phase of the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) LEAP approach, offering a roadmap for financial institutions to identify the geographical and sectoral intersections of their portfolios with the natural environment.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International (FoEI) issued on Human Rights Day (December 10, 2024), calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza and highlighting the intersection between climate justice and the liberation of Palestine.