석탄의 경제 대전환 2025

This report by Global Energy Monitor and its partners analyzes global coal power trends in 2024, highlighting a contradiction between record-low new capacity additions globally and record-high construction starts in China and high proposal volumes in India. It specifically examines the strategies of South Korea and Japan to extend the life of coal plants through ammonia co-firing, arguing that these technologies are costly and inconsistent with the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C goal.

• In 2024, the total capacity of newly commissioned coal power reached 44 GW, the lowest level in 20 years since 2004. However, global coal capacity still saw a net increase of 18.8 GW because new additions exceeded the 25.2 GW of closed capacity.
• China and India are driving global coal expansion. China saw record construction starts in 2024 at 94 GW due to a permit boom in 2022-2023. India recorded its highest number of new coal plant proposals in 2024 at 38 GW. Together, these two countries accounted for 92% (107 GW out of 116 GW) of all newly proposed coal capacity worldwide in 2024.
• South Korea and Japan are pursuing ammonia co-firing to extend the use of coal plants. South Korea plans to introduce 20% ammonia co-firing in over half of its 41 GW coal capacity by 2030. Japan is testing co-firing in five plants and aims for 100% ammonia fuel by 2050. The report argues these technologies are inefficient, costly, and fail to meet the 90% emission reduction rate required by the IPCC to qualify as 'reductions'.
• The EU27 saw a fourfold increase in closed coal capacity, rising from 2.7 GW in 2023 to 11 GW in 2024, with Germany accounting for the largest share at 6.7 GW. The United Kingdom became the sixth country to completely phase out coal power since the 2015 Paris Agreement after closing its last coal plant.
• In the OECD's 38 wealthy nations, the number of proposed coal plants dropped from 142 in 2015 to 5 currently. To align with the Paris Agreement, the report states that coal retirement capacity must increase from 19 GW in 2024 to 70 GW annually by 2030.

APA

Global Energy Monitor (2025). 석탄의 경제 대전환 2025. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-and-Bust-Coal-2025-Korean_3.pdf

Chicago

Global Energy Monitor. 석탄의 경제 대전환 2025. 2025. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-and-Bust-Coal-2025-Korean_3.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Global Energy Monitor |title=석탄의 경제 대전환 2025 |date=April 2025 |url=https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-and-Bust-Coal-2025-Korean_3.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{globalenergymonitor20252025, author = {{Global Energy Monitor}}, title = {{석탄의 경제 대전환 2025}}, institution = {Global Energy Monitor}, year = {2025}, month = apr, url = {https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-and-Bust-Coal-2025-Korean_3.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }