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A report by Zero Carbon Analytics quantifies the economic risk to Europe-bound Brazilian soy exports caused by declining river levels in the Amazon. The analysis indicates that by mid-century, up to USD 1 billion in annual soy trade passing through the ports of Manaus and Santarém could be exposed to disruption due to critically low river flows driven by climate change and deforestation.

This report by Ember analyzes the declining role of gas in the global electricity mix as of 2025, noting that gas share has fallen for five consecutive years. The analysis highlights that while global gas generation has not yet peaked in absolute terms, its growth has slowed significantly as renewables increasingly meet new electricity demand, particularly in the G7 and large emerging economies.

This report by the Institute for Security Studies examines global 'wildcards' and megatrends—including great-power instability, generative AI, and the biosphere crisis—that could disrupt future scenarios for Africa and the world by 2043.

This report by Ember examines the potential for capturing abandoned mine methane (AMM) in Wales to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and generate local energy and revenue. It highlights that while Wales contributes significantly to UK AMM emissions due to the methane-rich geology of South Wales anthracite coalfields, it currently lacks active capture projects and suffers from significant data gaps and outdated emission estimates.

This policy brief argues that India is uniquely positioned to lead in sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production by utilizing its low-cost solar power and abundant agricultural residue. The authors propose the power-and-biomass-to-liquids (PBtL) pathway as a cost-competitive alternative to fossil jet fuel and other SAF technologies, offering benefits for energy security, air quality, and climate targets.

This research paper presents the 'Financial Flows scenario', a model using the International Futures (IFs) forecasting platform to assess the impact of increased aid, foreign direct investment (FDI), and remittances, alongside reduced illicit financial flows (IFFs), on Africa's development indicators through 2043.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the funding landscape of the global ocean economy, noting that while public investment has increased over the last decade, it remains significantly below the estimated USD 550 billion needed annually by 2030. The report highlights a heavy reliance on official development assistance (ODA), which is currently facing cuts from major donors, and emphasizes the economic and climate benefits of closing the sustainable ocean funding gap.

This policy brief by RMI identifies three emerging trends to scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR) demand beyond voluntary corporate credits: credit purchasing through government and private sector mechanisms, demand for differentiated low-carbon products, and 'flipping the script' by funding services where CDR is a co-product or by-product.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines how the US-Israel invasion of Iran on 28 February 2026 triggered an energy crisis that accelerated the transition to clean energy. It analyzes the outperformance of clean energy equity funds over oil and gas funds, shifts in investor sentiment regarding the necessity of natural gas, and the impact of regional cost-of-capital differences on renewable energy investments.

This research paper analyzes the structural decline of Official Development Assistance (ODA) and the systemic failures in allocating climate finance toward adaptation and resilience between 2024 and 2026. It argues that the primary constraint is not a lack of information or foresight, but an institutional 'decision gap' that prevents organizations from translating risk analysis into operational preparedness.

This report by Ember analyzes global electricity demand and supply trends in 2025 and over the preceding two decades. It details the growth of low-carbon sources, specifically solar and wind, and the relative decline of fossil fuels, while noting the impact of weather and policy on national energy mixes.

This report section details the growth of wind and solar energy in Türkiye, highlighting record-breaking capacity additions in 2025 and the increasing share of these sources in the national electricity mix compared to regional and European benchmarks.

The report 'Crossed wires: Grid capacity could block EU energy security' by Ember analyzes how limited grid capacity in Europe threatens energy security and economic competitiveness. It identifies significant shortfalls in grid hosting capacity for both new renewable energy projects and industrial demand, while noting that distribution grids are generally better prepared for household electrification, with notable exceptions in Spain and Poland.

This research paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes a global database of fossil fuel production restrictions, identifying 58 active measures across 25 countries and 27 subnational jurisdictions. It examines the trajectories of these policies, noting that while restrictions have grown exponentially over the last decade, they remain politically fragile and susceptible to rollbacks during periods of high energy prices or government changes.

The Climate Bonds Initiative report argues that the European Union must rapidly transition to clean energy to eliminate its vulnerability to global energy shocks, as nearly 60% of its primary energy is imported. It proposes a five-step plan—electrification, grid interconnection, storage deployment, industrial decarbonization, and the use of methane standards—to reduce dependence on high-risk suppliers like Russia and the US. The report highlights a significant investment gap, noting that current clean energy spending (2.1% of GDP) is below the global average (2.9%) and far below the 1,500 billion euros annually needed by 2050.

This policy brief by the Climate Bonds Initiative argues that accelerating the transition to clean energy is the primary solution for the European Union to protect itself from global energy shocks and achieve energy sovereignty. It highlights the vulnerability caused by a heavy reliance on fossil fuel imports and proposes a five-step strategy focusing on electrification, grid interconnection, flexible systems, industrial decarbonization, and the use of methane regulations to phase out high-risk suppliers.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative argues that the European Union must accelerate its transition to clean energy to achieve energy sovereignty and protect itself from global geopolitical shocks. It highlights the risks of relying on fossil fuel imports and proposes a five-step strategy—electrification, interconnection, flexibility, decarbonization, and the use of methane emission regulations—to reduce dependence on high-risk suppliers and enhance industrial competitiveness.

This research paper examines how slavery, imperialism, and colonialism fundamentally altered African agriculture by depleting the productive labour force, displacing indigenous crops with export commodities, and establishing land tenure systems that favoured European settlers and firms.

This research paper by Jakkie Cilliers outlines principles for reforming the UN Security Council (UNSC) to better reflect current global power dynamics and increase legitimacy. The author argues for an expanded Council that balances representation with functionality and realism, proposing the removal of the veto and the introduction of minimum capacity criteria for membership.

This research paper by Jakkie Cilliers analyzes the failure of UN Security Council (UNSC) reform, attributing the deadlock to the entrenched positions of negotiating blocks and the P5 members' desire to maintain the veto power and their associated privileges.