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This report, published in September 2016 by the Climate Bonds Initiative and the International Institute for Sustainable Development, outlines a strategic cooperation plan between China and the United Kingdom to accelerate the global green bond market. It identifies the UK as a global hub for green finance and China as a leading policy driver, proposing joint actions to standardize green definitions, expand cross-border investment, and develop project pipelines for low-carbon infrastructure.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative and the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) outlines a framework for collaboration between the United Kingdom and China to expand the global green bond market. It identifies the UK as a global hub for green finance and China as a leader in policy support, proposing joint actions to scale cross-border issuance, harmonise green definitions, and develop robust project pipelines to meet the massive investment needs of the low-carbon transition.

This case study examines FSD Kenya's efforts to strengthen semi-formal rural delivery channels and link savings groups to formal financial services using a 'making markets work for the poor' (M4P) approach. It details the transition from donor-funded pilots to fee-for-service training models and the use of technology and banking partnerships to increase financial inclusion for rural populations and women.

This case study by the Institute for Security Studies examines the integration of women into the Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) and the broader security sector. It analyzes the gap between formal policy frameworks—including the 2010 Constitution and UN Security Council Resolution 1325—and the practical reality of gender inequality, patriarchal institutional culture, and the limited advancement of women into combat and leadership roles.

This World Resources Institute working paper analyzes the alignment between the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) submitted under the Paris Agreement and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda. By mapping climate actions across 92 INDCs, the authors demonstrate that climate policies often generate mutual benefits for sustainable development, though these synergies are frequently unrecognized or uncoordinated at the national level due to institutional silos.

This report provides an overview of climate risks and adaptation efforts in Kenya, detailing the national policy framework and the challenges associated with vulnerability in arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs).

This research paper analyzes the evolving partnership between Japan and Africa, focusing on the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD). It highlights Japan's shift from a primary focus on aid to a broader economic strategy involving trade and investment, while navigating geopolitical competition with China and seeking international support for UN Security Council reform.

This working paper outlines Ethiopia's experience in planning for a climate-resilient green economy, drawing from a study on climate compatible development. It highlights the role of political leadership, national ownership, and the strategic use of international climate finance in implementing cross-sectoral climate goals.

This case study examines the ten-year experience of FSD Kenya (2005-2015), an independent trust that applied a 'Making Markets Work for the Poor' (M4P) systems approach to deepen the Kenyan financial sector. The document analyzes the organization's impact on financial inclusion, its role in facilitating digital finance and public infrastructure, and the lessons learned from its successes and failures in capacity building and innovation.

This report analyzes the East African Community's (EAC) attempts to resolve the political crisis in Burundi triggered by President Pierre Nkurunziza's bid for a third term in 2016. It details the internal divisions among EAC member states, the failure of various diplomatic facilitation efforts, and the resulting political deadlock.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute argues that the 2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Agreement represent a single project of systemic societal change. It contends that while climate and development agendas are conceptually fusing, national implementation remains fragmented by bureaucratic silos. The document outlines six key challenges—vision, integrated planning, institutional coherence, inclusive governance, finance, and monitoring—that countries must address to translate international commitments into integrated national action.

This report by the Institute for Security Studies analyzes the political and security crisis in Burundi triggered by President Pierre Nkurunziza's bid for a third term in 2015. It details the historical context of the Burundian civil war, the CNDD-FDD's consolidation of power through repression and the marginalization of opposition parties, and the internal fractures within the ruling party. The document examines the failure of constitutional amendments, the role of the security sector in suppressing dissent, and the subsequent impact on civil society and the media.

The Institute for Security Studies (ISS) provides training and technical support to Uganda's judicial and law enforcement systems to improve the investigation and prosecution of complex crimes, including terrorism, organized crime, and crimes against humanity.

This report examines the role of gender in climate compatible development through a case study of the 'People’s Plans into Practice' (PPP) project in Kisumu, Kenya, focusing on how gender-sensitive approaches influence empowerment and adaptation in urban settings.

This guide outlines the benefits and challenges of integrating a gender perspective into climate compatible development, arguing that gender-sensitive approaches lead to more sustainable outcomes by addressing different needs, power imbalances, and urban-specific vulnerabilities.

This policy brief examines the role of gender in urban climate compatible development in Kenya. Focusing on the 'People's Plans into Practice (PPP)' project in Kisumu, it finds that inclusive decision-making helps address the specific needs of vulnerable urban groups and enables women to take on leadership roles. However, it notes that cultural attitudes still lead to male dominance in planning processes, necessitating broad sectoral actions to remove barriers for women.

An executive summary detailing the barriers to agricultural growth in Tanzania, the challenges facing agro-processing, and the necessary policy and partnership frameworks to integrate smallholder farmers into larger markets.

This working paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) examines the challenges and opportunities in financing Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in developing countries. It identifies a significant gap between the demand for NAMA financing and the available supply of dedicated funds, while highlighting barriers such as narrow donor focus, lack of financial planning expertise, and misalignment with multilateral development banks. The paper suggests that integrating NAMA pipelines with the Green Climate Fund (GCF) is a critical path forward for scaling up mitigation finance.

This policy brief examines the misuse of electric shock equipment by law enforcement agencies in Africa, arguing that such tools often facilitate torture and ill-treatment in violation of international and regional human rights frameworks. It specifically analyzes the legal landscape of anti-torture commitments in Africa and provides a detailed case study on the South African Police Service (SAPS), recommending the prohibition of handheld and body-worn electric shock devices.

This research paper, published by the Stockholm Environment Institute, synthesizes two studies commissioned by SNV Netherlands Development Organisation to evaluate the impact of health-focused marketing messages on the purchase of clean cookstoves in Cambodia and Kenya. Both studies concluded that health messaging had a minimal effect on stove purchases, with price and functional benefits remaining the primary drivers of adoption.