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This policy brief examines the evolution of India's approach to climate change, noting a shift from a rigid stance based on historical equity toward a more pragmatic, constructive engagement in international diplomacy. This transition is driven by the desire to enhance international status and strengthen strategic relationships with the United States and China, while domestic climate action remains primarily motivated by development goals, energy security, and poverty alleviation.

This working paper introduces the Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP), an input-output-based software tool developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) to calculate environmental pressures associated with consumption activities, primarily within the United Kingdom.

This 2010 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute reviews the projected supply of international greenhouse gas (GHG) offsets, specifically evaluating how these estimates impact U.S. cap-and-trade legislative designs. The authors analyze the use of marginal abatement curves (MACs) and identify significant discrepancies between optimistic techno-economic models and more conservative market-based projections.

This 2010 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute explores pathways for the United Kingdom to achieve a zero-carbon transport system by 2050. It compares a Business-as-usual (BAU) scenario with a Maximum Impact (MI) scenario, quantifying the potential CO2 reductions from spatial planning, fiscal measures, behavioural changes, and technological shifts across road, rail, aviation, and shipping sectors.

A media briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) and Friends of the Earth Europe detailing a study on the feasibility of Europe reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2020 and 90% by 2050. The document outlines the necessary energy system transformations, lifestyle changes, and financial obligations to developing countries required to achieve climate justice and limit global temperature increases to 2°C.

This research paper analyzes the environmental impacts of China's electrical power sector and explores how a sustainable trade strategy can be linked to energy policy. It details China's heavy reliance on coal, the resulting pollution, and the regulatory frameworks used to manage these effects. The document also surveys international best practices in low-carbon energy policy—including economic and regulatory instruments—and suggests policy options for China to improve efficiency and competitiveness.

Daryl W. Ditz, representing the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL), provided testimony to the U.S. House of Representatives on November 17, 2009, arguing that the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) has failed to protect public health. Ditz proposed three primary reforms: authorizing the EPA to phase out high-priority chemicals (specifically PBTs), establishing a health-based safety standard for all chemicals where manufacturers bear the burden of proof, and mandating comprehensive, updated data submissions from chemical manufacturers to fill critical information gaps.

This policy brief examines the economic opportunities and challenges for Namibia in aligning its red meat sector with European Union sanitary requirements. It emphasizes that while such harmonization can drive economic growth, it must be integrated with land-use planning and conservation to protect wildlife-based livelihoods. The brief also suggests a transboundary risk-management zone with Angola to address livestock pressures in northern rangelands.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) details the employment potential of renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) sectors globally and within the United States. It compiles various studies and reports to argue that clean energy transitions can provide quality, long-term jobs and economic growth, contrasting these trends with the decline of traditional fossil fuel employment.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes policy options for addressing competitiveness and carbon leakage resulting from differential climate change policies and measures (PAMs). It evaluates the economic and environmental effectiveness of border carbon adjustments (BCAs), free allowance allocations, and sectoral approaches, while examining their legality under World Trade Organization (WTO) rules and their political implications for developed and developing nations.

This briefing paper examines the economic, legal, and geopolitical challenges of implementing Border Carbon Adjustments (BCAs) to address industrial competitiveness and carbon leakage. It analyzes the tension between unilateral trade measures and international climate principles, specifically the UNFCCC's principle of common but differentiated responsibility.

The report argues that stabilizing atmospheric CO2 at 350 ppm is economically feasible, with estimated costs between 1% and 3% of global GDP, and is necessary to avoid catastrophic climate change. It challenges the 'go slow' approach of some economists and demonstrates that with adjusted assumptions on climate sensitivity and economic damages, even standard models like DICE support rapid decarbonization.

This 2009 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) analyzes financial mechanisms and opportunities for collaboration between the European Union and India to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It evaluates the limitations of existing UNFCCC mechanisms, identifies sectoral barriers to low-carbon transitions, and proposes specific initiatives in solar energy, energy efficiency, and black carbon reduction to align EU climate goals with India's development priorities.

This research paper examines the economic relationship between Indonesia and the European Union following the July 2009 signing of a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA), highlighting the challenges Indonesia faces in pursuing a Free Trade Agreement (IEUFTA) due to economic imbalances and differing views on trade liberalization.

This report by Friends of the Earth Netherlands and WALHI KalBar examines how European biofuel policies and the resulting demand for palm oil have driven unsustainable plantation expansion in the Ketapang District of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. It details systemic failures in governance, including the issuance of 'fast track' permits that bypass environmental and social safeguards, leading to illegal deforestation, carbon emissions, and severe land conflicts with indigenous communities.

This report advocates for the renewal of the Internet Governance Forum's (IGF) mandate, highlighting its success as a multi-stakeholder, bottom-up model for global technology governance. It argues that the IGF has effectively defused tensions over U.S. oversight of ICANN and provided a space for developing countries to address issues like universal access and open standards. The authors suggest that the 'Internet model' of shared ownership and collaborative engagement could be applied to other critical global challenges, including climate change and sustainable development.

This statement, issued by La Vía Campesina and Friends of the Earth International, supports the proposals of UN Special Rapporteur Olivier De Schutter regarding the right to food and advocates for a model of 'Food Sovereignty' to replace industrial agricultural systems.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the role of international carbon market mechanisms within the context of negotiations for a post-2012 climate change agreement. It reviews the existing Kyoto Protocol instruments—International Emissions Trading (IET), Joint Implementation (JI), and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)—and explores potential expansions or new mechanisms, such as sectoral crediting and REDD, to enhance cost-effectiveness and engage developing countries in mitigation efforts.

This report examines the integration of sustainable development—specifically environmental, labor, and social concerns—into Peru's trade and investment agenda. It analyzes the shift from a 1990s policy of prioritizing foreign investment with minimal standards to a current framework where sustainable development commitments are largely driven by external requirements from free trade agreements (FTAs) and international trade partners.

This research paper by Steven Gruzd evaluates the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM), analyzing its origins within the African Union (AU) and the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), its institutional challenges, and its impact on governance across the African continent as of April 2009.