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This guide from the Climate Policy Initiative explains the role of concessional and private equity in financing climate change mitigation and adaptation. It details how equity can be used as a risk-absorbing instrument to mobilize commercial capital, particularly in emerging markets, and outlines the capacity and regulatory requirements for governments to effectively deploy these instruments.

This fact sheet from the Climate Policy Initiative explains first- and second-loss facilities as credit enhancement tools used to de-risk climate and energy transition investments. It details how these layered capital structures absorb initial losses to attract private investment into high-risk sectors, the institutional capacities required to manage them, and provides examples of blended finance vehicles operating in emerging markets and developing economies.

The Green Affordable Housing Finance instrument, developed by Reall and the Global Innovation Lab for Climate Finance, uses a coordinated system of construction and mortgage loan guarantees to incentivize local lenders to finance sustainable affordable housing for low-income households in Africa and South Asia.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative and the Global Center on Adaptation analyzes the widening gap between adaptation finance needs and actual flows, with a specific focus on Africa. It highlights that current funding is insufficient, heavily reliant on debt, and concentrated in a few countries, while calling for standardized tracking and more ambitious public and private commitments to avoid massive economic losses.

This guide by the Climate Policy Initiative explains the role of guarantees as financial instruments to transfer risk from borrowers or lenders to third parties, such as multilateral development banks or governments. It details the types of risks covered, the impact on borrowing costs, the institutional and regulatory capacities required for effective implementation, and the specific challenges facing the deployment of guarantees for climate-related projects in emerging and mature markets.

This guide from the Climate Policy Initiative explains parametric insurance, a financial tool that provides rapid, fixed payouts based on predetermined triggers (such as wind speed or rainfall) rather than assessed losses. It details the instrument's role in maintaining fiscal liquidity and debt sustainability, the capacity requirements for governments to implement it, and the various commercial and concessional providers available globally.

This fact sheet describes risk pooling mechanisms that aggregate risks across countries or portfolios to diversify exposure and secure rapid liquidity after disasters. It details the application of these pools in disaster risk management, agriculture, and urban resilience, highlighting the role of parametric instruments and catastrophe bonds in protecting sovereign balance sheets.

This guide explains the mechanics, applications, and implementation requirements of securitization as a tool for climate finance. It details how pooling fragmented green assets into tradable securities can mobilize institutional capital, recycle balance sheets for originators, and manage credit risk through tranching. The document provides a framework for assessing financial market readiness across shallow, emerging, and mature markets, and outlines the specific capacity needs for ministries of finance and regulators to support these instruments.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and the Global Center on Adaptation analyzes international public climate adaptation finance for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) between 2021 and 2022. It identifies a significant funding gap, noting that current annual flows of approximately $2 billion are far below the estimated annual need of $11.7 billion. The report highlights that a large portion of this finance is provided as debt, posing macroeconomic risks, and calls for a shift from GNI-based ODA eligibility to a multidimensional vulnerability index to improve financial access.

This fact sheet outlines the regulatory frameworks for On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) and emission testing across various global regions, including Asia, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and the Americas, specifying the standards used for light and heavy vehicles.

This fact sheet from the Centro de Movilidad Sostenible discusses the environmental and safety impacts of the global trade in used light vehicles, highlighting the disproportionate burden on low- and middle-income countries and the need for stricter import regulations.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) compiles statements from various global religious leaders, denominations, and interfaith organizations regarding anthropogenic climate change. The document highlights a broad consensus across major faiths that climate change is a moral, spiritual, and justice-related issue, emphasizing the disproportionate impact on poor populations and the necessity of transitioning away from fossil fuels.

The 2026 Global Electricity Review by Ember reports that record solar energy growth in 2025 met the entirety of new global electricity demand, halting the increase in fossil fuel generation for the first time since 2020. For the first time in the modern era, renewable energy sources collectively surpassed coal, accounting for over one-third of global electricity generation.

A position statement by Friends of the Earth Africa ahead of COP27, opposing the expansion of natural gas exploitation in Africa and advocating for a transition to 100% renewable energy by 2050.

A position paper by Friends of the Earth Africa released ahead of COP27, arguing against gas exploitation in Africa and advocating for a transition to 100% renewable energy by 2050.

This zine documents a cross-regional exchange between young environmental activists from Africa and Europe conducted by Friends of the Earth International between 2016 and 2018. It provides reflections on environmental justice, the impact of colonialism, and the challenges of building an inclusive, intergenerational movement, while offering practical educational tools for activists.

This report documents the outcomes of an interregional exchange between young activists from Friends of the Earth (FoE) Africa and Europe conducted between 2016 and 2018. The project aimed to strengthen the youth movement for environmental justice through 14 exchange trips, two regional meetings, and three interregional encounters, focusing on inclusivity, interregional solidarity, and the dismantling of systemic oppressions such as colonialism and patriarchy.

This commentary by Mariann Bassey of Friends of the Earth Nigeria criticizes the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), describing it as a corporate-driven initiative funded by the Rockefeller and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundations. The author argues that AGRA promotes a "technology push" focused on genetically modified organisms (GMOs), hybrid seeds, and chemical inputs to benefit agribusiness giants like Monsanto, rather than supporting agro-ecological approaches and food sovereignty for African smallholder farmers.

This report by Friends of the Earth International argues that agrofuels (biofuels) significantly increase food prices and volatility, contributing to global hunger and poverty. It highlights that international bodies like the World Bank and OECD agree that food prices are higher due to biofuels and recommend eliminating subsidies and mandates. The document also links agrofuel production to 'land grabbing' in Africa and human rights abuses in Indonesia, India, and Latin America, urging a shift toward food sovereignty and energy efficiency.

This zine documents a series of cross-regional exchanges between youth members of the Friends of the Earth (FoE) federation in Africa and Europe conducted between 2016 and 2018. It shares reflections on environmental justice, the impacts of colonialism, and the challenges of building an inclusive movement, while providing popular education tools for dismantling systemic oppression and mapping historical interrelations.