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A fact sheet detailing a green bond issuance by Industrial Bank Co., Ltd. on November 20, 2018, which is the first Climate Bonds Certified Bond issued by a regional bank in China and the first such bond issued in Hong Kong.

This fact sheet details a EUR 600 million green bond issued by Energias de Portugal Group (EDP) on October 12, 2018, marking the first green bond issuance in Portugal.

This case study examines a virtual power purchase agreement (VPPA) signed in August 2017 between Cummins, a global industrial manufacturer, and EDP Renewables (EDPR) North America. The deal focuses on expanding wind capacity in Indiana to help Cummins meet its corporate sustainability and greenhouse gas reduction goals.

Taipei Fubon Commercial Bank issued a TWD1Bn green bond on March 1, 2018, to fund renewable energy and energy technology, specifically solar and wind power stations.

Suntien Green Energy issued a CNY590m (USD93m) perpetuity green bond on 13-Mar-2018 to finance or refinance 15 wind farms in China. The Climate Bonds Initiative highlighted the issuance as a positive example of disclosure, noting its alignment with the 2oC global warming target and the provision of specific impact data, such as a 200MW project in Hebei province expected to avoid 1010k tons of CO2.

This RMI insight brief presents the 'Sunshine for Mines' program, which provides a methodology for transforming legacy or inactive mine sites from financial liabilities into revenue-generating assets through the development of renewable energy and storage solutions.

A fact sheet detailing a NOK 750 million green bond issuance by Eidsiva Energi, a Norwegian municipally owned energy company, focused on renewable energy and energy efficiency projects.

This report analyzes the economic viability and technical requirements for the 100% decarbonization of Indian Railways' (IR) traction electricity demand, focusing on a case study in Madhya Pradesh. It concludes that a mixed wind and solar energy strategy is the most cost-effective approach, projecting that decarbonization will be 26-28% cheaper than business-as-usual by 2030.

This briefing by RMI describes the Southwest Power Pool (SPP) as an attractive market for corporate buyers of renewable energy due to its strong wind resources, market improvements, and a robust pipeline of planned wind capacity.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the cost-effectiveness and feasibility of decarbonizing Indian Railways (IR) by 2030. It evaluates various pathways for the traction and non-traction segments, concluding that transitioning to renewable energy—specifically through captive generation at an accelerated rate—is significantly cheaper than a business-as-usual scenario. The report emphasizes the necessity of full electrification and identifies regulatory barriers regarding state-level net metering and open access policies.

A statement from the World Resources Institute urging Rick Perry, during his nomination for Secretary of Energy, to prioritize clean energy and technology to drive U.S. economic growth and emissions reductions.

This report by WWF South Africa examines the potential and progress of renewable energy (RE) in South Africa, focusing on the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REI4P) and the challenges posed by the state utility Eskom's dominance and the country's historical dependence on coal.

The P50 Risk Solutions report concludes that a weather-index insurance product designed to hedge wind volume risk is not commercially viable in India. The cost of premiums outweighs the potential reductions in interest rates or improvements in debt-equity ratios. Furthermore, the instrument fails to attract new institutional capital because the financial instability of state-owned power off-takers (DISCOMs) is a far more significant risk to credit ratings than weather variability.

China saw wind capacity grow from 1.26 GW in 2005 to 91.4 GW by 2013, but faces ongoing issues with grid connection delays and power curtailment due to transmission lagging behind capacity and poor governance coordination. Additionally, a separate IISD study warns that BRIICS nations could face a $278 billion revenue gap by 2030 as they transition away from fossil fuels.

This research paper examines the viability of using power ships—marine vehicles with installed power plants—as a short-term remedy for South Africa's energy crisis, comparing them to existing open cycle gas turbines (OCGTs) and Independent Power Producers (IPPs).

This executive summary by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the costs associated with India's goals to install 60 GW of wind and 100 GW of solar power capacity by 2022. It compares the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of these renewables against imported coal, evaluates the cost of current support mechanisms like accelerated depreciation, and proposes alternative financing models to reduce government expenditure.

A case study by RMI detailing Kaiser Permanente's procurement of 153 MW of off-site wind and solar power through a deal with NextEra Energy Resources to meet its sustainability goals in California.

This case study describes the transformation of Bonaire's electricity system from a diesel-dependent model to one aiming for 100% renewable energy following a power plant fire in 2004. The system integrates wind power, battery storage, and diesel generators capable of running on biodiesel, resulting in lower electricity costs and increased reliability.

This research paper analyzes the PROINFA feed-in tariff scheme in Brazil, finding that its nonlinear pricing structure incentivized wind farm operators to misreport capacity factors. This led to a 14% shortfall in expected energy production and 12% over-payments in the first year of operation. The authors demonstrate through modeling that while a linear price would increase over-reporting, an interest rate penalty of 1% on overpayments would effectively eliminate the incentive to misreport.

This executive summary analyzes the Incentive Program to Alternative Sources (PROINFA), a feed-in tariff (FiT) implemented in Brazil in the early 2000s. While the program successfully increased installed wind capacity from 29 MW in 2004 to 2,010 MW in 2012, the authors find that flaws in contract design led to systematic misreporting of capacity factors (CF) by project developers. This misreporting resulted in overpayments and a shortfall in delivered energy, suggesting that simple design changes, such as interest rate penalties on overpayments, could improve the cost-effectiveness of similar renewable energy policies.