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COP30 in Belém, Brazil, is positioned as a critical inflection point for the global climate regime, occurring ten years after the Paris Agreement. The briefing highlights a tension between the summit's goals and local environmental degradation, such as the construction of the Avenida Liberdade expressway through a rainforest protection area and Brazil's pursuit of oil exploration in the Equatorial Margin. Key negotiation priorities include updated NDCs, the operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund, and a new collective quantified goal for climate finance estimated at USD 1.3 trillion per year by 2035. The document also underscores the influence of non-state actors, such as YOUNGO and the Women and Gender Constituency, and argues that recent advisory opinions from the ICJ and IACHR have transformed climate action from a political choice into a binding legal responsibility for states.

The document details the three main priorities for COP30 in Belém: closing the ambition gap for 2035 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to limit warming to 1.5ºC, mobilizing $1.3 trillion annually for developing countries by 2035, and concluding the global adaptation indicators program. It also highlights the launch of the Tropical Forest Forever Fund (TFFF) led by Brazil to protect forests through innovative financing, and a broader global action agenda focusing on renewable energy, just transition, and urban resilience.

The document identifies a significant divergence between climate and development policy in Africa, noting that NDCs focus on sectoral mitigation while NDPs prioritize economic growth and poverty alleviation. It warns that aggressive energy transitions to reach net-zero by 2050 could reduce cropland availability by 31%, potentially undermining the agricultural sector which employs 60% of the continent's workforce. Financially, the brief highlights a massive gap, with climate finance requirements for Africa projected at $2.7 trillion by 2030, nearly equaling the continental GDP.

Indonesia faces a significant funding gap to meet its 2030 climate targets, requiring approximately $19 billion annually. Between 2019 and 2023, investment in fossil fuel power plants was nearly double that of renewable energy, heavily driven by international private finance. While renewable energy investment is dominated by baseload sources like hydro and geothermal, variable RE such as solar and wind began growing in 2021. A critical challenge is the rise of captive fossil-fuel power plants used for nickel processing, which are exempt from certain coal-fired power plant bans.

The statement calls for COP30 in Belem to establish an action plan for a just transition to 100% renewable energy, specifically targeting the reform of multilateral development banks (MDBs). It argues that current MDB models prioritise private profit and increase debt in the Global South, citing examples of harmful green hydrogen and hydropower projects. The authors propose three shifts: an immediate end to fossil fuel and 'false solution' finance, the provision of grants instead of debt-creating instruments, and a move toward small-scale, community-owned renewable energy projects to ensure energy sovereignty.

Clean Air Task Force (CATF) outlines its priorities for COP30, advocating for 'pragmatic climate action' that integrates decarbonization with socioeconomic development. The statement highlights a disconnect between African nations' climate commitments and their development plans, while urging immediate action on methane emissions from agriculture, fossil fuels, and waste. CATF promotes a diverse technology suite, including nuclear and geothermal energy, to ensure energy security and economic viability across different regional contexts.

The document examines the challenges facing the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in attracting and managing foreign direct investment (FDI). It highlights a disconnect between regional elite institutions and citizens, exacerbated by the withdrawal of Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger in January 2025. While West Africa possesses significant mineral resources and growth potential in renewables and IT, it suffers from weak governance, fragmented infrastructure, and an overdependence on foreign donors for energy project funding. The author recommends a harmonised regional investment framework and a prioritisation of cross-border energy infrastructure to enhance collective bargaining power and sustainable development.

The document outlines three positive framing strategies for COP30: highlighting the unstoppable momentum of renewable energy, depicting a cleaner and fairer future for children, and emphasizing the protection of natural environments. It advises against using politicized or intangible terms like 'net-zero' and 'growth', suggesting instead a focus on tangible benefits such as job creation, cheaper energy bills, and cleaner air. The guide also provides specific UK-based case studies and public opinion statistics to support these narratives.

While global renewable energy additions continue to break records, primarily driven by solar and China, current forecasts suggest a tripling by 2030 is not guaranteed without increased government ambition and implementation. The document highlights a misalignment between rapid deployment and national targets, which risks underinvestment in critical enabling systems such as grids, storage, and flexibility. It specifically emphasizes the need to scale up wind energy through supply chain unlocking and stable policy mechanisms, while urging parallel investment in infrastructure to prevent solar curtailment and bottlenecks.

Indonesia's coal production reached a record 836 million tonnes in 2024, but is projected to fall to approximately 755-756 million tonnes in 2025. This decline is driven by a contraction in export markets, particularly in China and India, where domestic production and renewable energy deployment are displacing Indonesian imports. While Indonesia's domestic demand continues to grow—driven by the power sector and metal processing industries—it is insufficient to offset the export losses. The report notes that Indonesia's long-term coal demand trajectory remains misaligned with Paris Agreement goals.

Global renewable capacity additions are projected to reach a record 793 GW in 2025, an 11% increase over 2024. This growth is primarily driven by solar energy and the significant deployment lead of China, which is expected to account for over two-thirds of global solar and wind installations in 2025.

Indonesia's coal sector is facing a downturn as production records in 2024 are met with declining export demand from China and India and rising production costs. This oversupply has eroded company profits and state non-tax revenues. Simultaneously, coal mine methane (CMM) emissions are significantly underreported and are projected to rise by 25% by 2030, driven by the expansion of underground mining in South Kalimantan. The report recommends a moratorium on new mines, improved methane monitoring, and a just transition framework for coal-dependent regions.

The report analyzes energy subsidies and revenues in Chhattisgarh between FY 2020 and 2024, finding that fossil fuel subsidies have doubled since 2020 and that 78% of energy-related revenues depend on fossil fuels. While the state government provides 98% of electricity subsidies, clean energy subsidies account for only 8% of total quantified subsidies. The document recommends establishing state-level net-zero targets, better targeting electricity subsidies, diversifying revenue beyond coal, oil, and gas, and creating social support mechanisms for coal-dependent workers.

The document highlights the economic and legal imperatives for South Korea to strengthen its 2035 NDC, noting strong business support for a transition to renewables and a landmark Constitutional Court ruling requiring more robust climate targets to protect citizens' rights.

The World Resources Institute argues that COP30 must move beyond pledges to implementation by establishing a global roadmap for ambition, accelerating sectoral action for 2030 goals, and mobilizing long-term net-zero strategies. It emphasizes the need for G20 leadership in aligning near-term goals with long-term transitions and calls for a credible finance package, including the Baku-to-Belém Roadmap and country platforms, to unlock capital for developing nations.

Climate Outreach suggests that the UK government's 'Carbon Budget and Growth Delivery Plan' must move beyond discussing big investments and emissions targets to highlight tangible benefits for ordinary people. The authors argue for a narrative focused on cheaper energy, improved health through home retrofitting, and nature restoration, using specific community examples from Liverpool, North Yorkshire, and Shropshire to demonstrate how clean energy and nature projects improve lives and foster local pride.

The document examines the critical infrastructure gaps in West Africa, highlighting how deficiencies in energy, transport, digital connectivity, and water management hinder economic growth and the goals of ECOWAS's Vision 2050. It details specific initiatives like the Abidjan-Lagos Corridor Highway and the West African Power Pool (WAPP), while identifying barriers such as corruption, regulatory fragmentation, and a regional infrastructure funding gap estimated between USD 20 billion and USD 36 billion per year. The paper advocates for Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), innovative financing like green bonds, and the inclusion of youth and SMEs to drive sustainable development.

RMI highlights the transition from climate commitments to action across several global regions. China is leading in renewable deployment and clean tech exports, while Brazil focuses on low-carbon shipping and ambitious NDCs as the COP30 host. India is pursuing energy independence by 2047 through clean mobility and cooling innovations. Southeast Asia is scaling clean infrastructure and battery storage, and the United States continues to see subnational progress in grid optimization and clean industrialization despite federal delegation concerns.

The World Resources Institute outlines a seven-part framework to move intergovernmental climate coalitions from symbolic announcements to measurable impact. The guide emphasizes the need for clear purposes, actionable goals, diverse leadership—particularly from the Global South—and robust institutional structures like secretariats. It argues that without systematic monitoring and the integration of goals into national policies, the growing number of climate pledges risks duplication and dilution rather than systemic delivery.

Africa faces the challenge of decarbonizing industries while expanding industrial capacity, despite its low contribution to global emissions. The continent possesses significant assets for the clean energy transition, including cobalt reserves in the Democratic Republic of Congo, solar potential, and coastal deserts suitable for green hydrogen. To move beyond simple resource extraction, the document emphasizes the need for innovation ecosystems connecting startups, research hubs, and policymakers. It highlights existing technological momentum in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, and Morocco, suggesting that a targeted policy mix can enable entrepreneurs to develop green technologies for both local and global markets.