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The authors argue that accounting for aquatic ecosystem needs results in a lower planetary boundary for freshwater consumption than previously estimated, suggesting a value of approximately 2800 km3 yr−1 compared to the earlier 4000 km3 yr−1.

The report proposes a Production and Protection (P&P) strategy for Brazil to reconcile economic growth in agriculture with environmental conservation. It identifies significant within-region productivity gaps in cattle ranching, crop farming, and small-scale agriculture, suggesting that productivity gains can be achieved without further deforestation. Key barriers to these gains include limited access to credit, underdeveloped land rental markets, poor infrastructure, and gaps in technological diffusion. On the protection side, the report highlights the need to combat small-scale Amazon deforestation, enforce the Forest Code on private lands via the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR), and develop market-based incentives for biomes like the Cerrado.

The report argues that Brazil can simultaneously grow agricultural production and protect natural resources by improving land-use efficiency. It identifies key barriers to environmental protection, such as small-scale deforestation in the Amazon and lack of monitoring in other biomes like the Cerrado. For agricultural production, it highlights that non-geographical factors—including limited access to credit for small-scale farmers, underdeveloped land rental markets, and poor infrastructure—hinder productivity. The document recommends an integrated P&P strategy involving systematic monitoring and a public-private consortium to implement targeted policy interventions.

The fact sheet highlights the extreme inefficiency of beef production compared to other proteins and the carbon emissions resulting from palm oil expansion and natural forest harvesting. It notes that a global 'nutrition transition' toward animal products is driving land waste and health risks, and suggests policies to reduce beef consumption, protect peat soils, and utilize native tree plantations for wood products.

The Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership (KFCP) was a publically funded demonstration project (2009–2013) aimed at rehabilitating degraded peat swamp forests in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. While it did not fully achieve its objective of demonstrating effective rehabilitation at scale, it provided critical technical data, an innovative canal-blocking design, and a model for community engagement through 'Village Agreements'. The study estimates that if such projects can save 26 million tons of carbon over 30 years, they could be financially viable for private investors at carbon prices between AUD 4 and AUD 23 per ton. However, significant barriers remain, including contradictory land-zoning laws, uncertain revenue-sharing frameworks, and the need for robust national measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems.

A briefing by the World Resources Institute (WRI) calling for ASEAN leadership to address recurring fires and haze, using high-resolution satellite data from Riau Province to highlight the scale of illegal burning on peatlands and within company concessions.

The report argues that the current U.S. agricultural landscape is dominated by corn and soybeans due to federal subsidies, which contradicts national nutritional goals. Using economic modeling, the authors find that aligning production with healthy dietary guidelines would significantly increase fruit and vegetable acreage while reducing cereal grain production. Such a transition would likely improve public health, reduce environmental degradation from monocropping and livestock operations, and create new economic opportunities for farmers, particularly in the Midwest.

The vulnerability assessment in the Virunga landscape reveals that climate-related disturbances affect different social groups and activities unevenly. While non-Batwa women identified that direct consequences of events like flooding can be mitigated to reduce impacts on income, Batwa groups perceive themselves as more severely affected by destructive disturbances such as strong winds. The Batwa are identified as a particularly vulnerable group due to extreme poverty, high dependency on the park, and displacement resulting from restricted park access, leaving many in poor housing.

The document examines the establishment of Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in Southern Africa, highlighting their role in protecting regional public goods and fostering integration. It identifies the Peace Parks Foundation (PPF) and SADC as key drivers, while noting significant barriers such as rhino poaching, livestock disease concerns, and sovereignty issues. The study concludes that successful implementation relies on a combination of high-level political leadership and ground-level collaboration among officials and local communities.

The document serves as a guide for citizens and officials to navigate the complexities of unconventional oil and gas development. It outlines the technical process of fracking, identifies critical environmental and social risks—including water contamination, air pollution, and infrastructure strain—and provides a framework for assessing the reliability of scientific information. Additionally, it lists key stakeholders and potential regulatory responses at the federal, state, and local levels, while highlighting case studies of community-led actions in the United States.

The authors argue that the lack of integration in resource assessments and policy-making results in inconsistent strategies and inefficient resource use. To remedy this, they introduce the CLEWs (climate, land-use, energy and water strategies) framework, which integrates the assessment of climate, land use, energy, and water strategies, noting that these resources both contribute to and are vulnerable to climate change.

The report argues that current international climate targets often rely on incoherent 'effort-sharing' models rather than ethical budget-sharing. It proposes a framework where the global greenhouse gas budget to 2050 is back-calculated from 1990 and divided among nations based on their 1990 share of the global population. Under this model, the EU would have a budget of 204 billion tonnes, of which 57% was used by 2012. The author advocates for international emissions trading of fossil and industrial CO2 to reconcile national responsibilities with cost-effective abatement opportunities. For the EU, the report suggests a domestic trajectory aligned with the 2050 Low Carbon Roadmap (-25% by 2020, -40% by 2030, -60% by 2040, and -80% by 2050) as a minimum unilateral commitment.

The report finds that the implementation of the satellite-based DETER system was the primary driver of the deforestation slowdown in the Brazilian Amazon during the 2000s. By enabling the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Ibama) to target law enforcement more effectively, these policies prevented the clearing of over 59,500 km² of forest from 2007 to 2011. The analysis indicates that these conservation efforts did not adversely affect agricultural production and provided significant net monetary gains when compared to the costs of monitoring and enforcement.

The document analyzes the Brazilian Forest Code through the lens of property rights theory, arguing that the gap between formal laws (de jure) and actual practice (de facto) creates uncertainty that hinders environmental protection. It traces the historical path dependence of Brazilian land ownership, which resulted in extreme concentration of wealth and power. The author links insecure property rights to several 'pathologies,' including land conflicts, the absence of tenancy markets, and increased deforestation in the Amazon. The paper concludes that for the Forest Code to succeed, the government must provide credible signals to converge de facto and de jure rights and reduce transaction costs for compliance.

The report examines the environmental, logistic, and infrastructural barriers to commercializing cellulosic ethanol from corn stover in the US, concluding that the country will likely fall short of RFS2 mandates.

The briefing explores how natural capital assessment (NCA) can help Indonesia resolve tensions between short-term economic gains and long-term environmental and social health. It highlights a 'window of opportunity' created by legal developments, such as Law No. 32/2009 and Constitutional Court ruling MK45, and the need for low-carbon development. The text details the principles of NCA—relevance, credibility, and legitimacy—and reviews technical tools like WRI's Suitability Mapper, which identified 3.3 million hectares of potentially suitable degraded land for oil palm in Central Kalimantan. It concludes that technical data alone is insufficient without the political will and commitment of local decision-makers to integrate these findings into spatial planning.

The project examines how land use decisions, such as choosing between pastures and agricultural crops, affect water table depth (WTD) and create interdependencies among neighboring farmers in the Argentine Pampas. Initial findings indicate that pastures lead to deeper groundwater levels compared to crops like soybean, wheat, and maize, and that farmers are generally willing to coordinate actions to manage groundwater as a common good.

The document examines the environmental footprint of wind power, noting that while it is a clean energy source, it has specific impacts on land use, wildlife, and local communities. It highlights that land-based facilities in the US use between 30 and 141 acres per megawatt, though permanent disturbance is less than 1 acre per megawatt. Wildlife impacts, particularly bird and bat collisions, are described as relatively low and manageable through better siting and operational adjustments. Public health concerns regarding sound and vibration have not been found to have adverse effects in studies from Canada and Australia. Finally, the document notes that wind power's life-cycle global warming emissions (0.02 to 0.04 pounds of CO2e/kWh) are significantly lower than those of natural gas or coal.

The document outlines a framework for businesses to eliminate tropical deforestation from their supply chains through public pledges, transparent sourcing, and the promotion of sustainable goods. It identifies palm oil, wood/paper, and meat (specifically beef) as key drivers of forest loss and provides sector-specific recommendations, such as strengthening RSPO standards for palm oil and reducing beef in processed meats to lower land-use pressure.

The document outlines how businesses of all sizes impact biodiversity and can benefit from protecting it. It provides a structured approach to integrating biodiversity into corporate policy using the Deming cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) and discusses the economic value of ecosystem services. The guide also offers specific steps for managing biodiversity on company premises and introduces various certification schemes like the European Biodiversity Standard.