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The report 'Landscape of Green Finance in India' by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes green finance flows in India for FY 2019-20, focusing on climate mitigation and adaptation. It finds that while green finance flows increased by 150% between FY 2017/18 and FY 2019/20, the total of INR 309 thousand crores per annum remains significantly below the estimated INR 11 lakh crores per year required to meet India's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

This scoping paper by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the challenges and priorities for cities in decarbonizing the buildings sector to reach net zero carbon. It examines the drivers of building stock growth, technical mitigation solutions, and the financial instruments and policies required to scale these solutions, with specific deep dives into Nigeria and Indonesia.

This executive summary, published by the Stockholm Environment Institute in May 2022, evaluates the progress made 50 years after the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment. It argues that while knowledge and goals have increased, an 'action gap' persists, with only about one-tenth of global environmental targets achieved. The document proposes three systemic shifts—redefining the human-nature relationship, ensuring lasting prosperity for all, and investing in a sustainable future—alongside improvements in global governance to unlock transformative change.

This policy brief synthesises case studies from six sub-Saharan African countries to analyse government responses to trade and employment shocks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It evaluates these responses against long-term goals of social inclusivity and climate resilience, highlighting how economic structure and financial depth influenced the capacity to implement fiscal, financial, and monetary stimuli.

This policy brief evaluates progress toward Goal 8 of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), which focuses on providing financial support to reduce forest emissions. It highlights a massive gap between the estimated annual funding needed to protect and restore forests (USD 45 to 460 billion) and current funding (USD 2.4 billion), while noting that deforestation-linked subsidies exceed USD 10 billion per year. While the document identifies growth in green finance, REDD+ commitments, and the availability of risk-assessment tools, it warns that systemic barriers—such as perverse economic incentives and a lack of transparency in financial institutions—continue to hinder transformational change.

This policy brief by Transforma evaluates the economic recovery strategies of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) following the COVID-19 pandemic, arguing that current 'inertial' recovery paths risk locking in fossil fuel dependency and hindering climate goals. It advocates for a 'just and resilient recovery' that integrates social equity, gender perspective, and climate adaptation into long-term economic planning.

The FSD Africa Impact Report 2022 details the agency's efforts to transform financial markets in Africa, specifically through its 2021–2025 green strategy. The report highlights the mobilization of £1.9 billion in long-term capital for sectors like housing and energy, the issuance of pioneering gender bonds, and the development of climate-resilient financial infrastructure to address the continent's vulnerability to climate change and economic shocks.

This FAQ document provides guidance on the FAST-Infra Sustainable Infrastructure Label (SI Label) Framework, detailing its development from existing global standards, the requirements for asset qualification, and the processes for reporting and verification.

The FAST-Infra Sustainable Infrastructure Label (SI Label) is a voluntary, global framework designed to identify infrastructure projects with significant positive sustainability performance. It aims to transform sustainable infrastructure into a mainstream, liquid asset class by providing a standardized system for developers and operators to demonstrate impact and attract investors.

This working paper by the Green Economy Coalition (GEC) outlines a structural agenda for a green economic recovery following the COVID-19 pandemic. It distinguishes between short-term stimulus and long-term structural reforms, providing a nested framework of policy measures and a set of prioritisation criteria to help governments transition from immediate crisis management to systemic socio-ecological transformation.

This report by the Forest Declaration Assessment evaluates progress toward Goal 7 of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), focusing on national climate actions for forests. It argues that while the Paris Agreement has recognized the role of forests, current government actions are insufficient to stop forest loss and GHG emissions by 2030. The document provides a comprehensive set of recommendations for governments to increase mitigation ambition, align financial flows with climate goals, and implement six specific strategies ranging from governance reform to demand-side measures in importing countries.

This policy briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative examines the expansion of carbon pricing into trade and economic policy, specifically focusing on the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). It argues that carbon pricing, when combined with preferential treatment for green goods and a 'Just Transition' spending policy, can drive global green capital flows and decarbonize hard-to-abate sectors.

The 2021 Green Infrastructure Investment Opportunities report by the Climate Bonds Initiative identifies significant low-carbon investment potential in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). It details sector-specific opportunities in transport, energy, water, waste, buildings, and new infrastructure, while providing six strategic recommendations to mobilize private capital through green finance instruments and harmonized standards.

The 2021 report by the Climate Bonds Initiative identifies significant green infrastructure investment opportunities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) to mitigate high flood and climate risks. Key targets include over 69 billion USD for offshore wind in Guangdong and 135 billion USD for rail transit. The report emphasizes the need to move beyond public funding and PPPs by leveraging green bonds, ABS, and Hong Kong's capital markets, while recommending a unified green definition and a public project database to attract private investors.

This executive summary of the 2021 State of Cities Climate Finance report, produced by the Cities Climate Finance Leadership Alliance with World Bank contributions, analyzes global urban climate investment flows and the enabling conditions required to close the investment gap. It establishes a framework for tracking urban climate finance and provides recommendations for city, national, and international officials to mobilize the trillions of dollars needed for low-carbon, climate-resilient urban development.

The Taxonomy Roadmap for Chile, published by the Climate Bonds Initiative in May 2021, provides a strategic framework for the Chilean government to develop a national sustainable classification system. The report recommends a phased approach—adopting, adapting, and leading—to align Chile's green finance with international standards (such as the EU and China taxonomies) while addressing local economic specificities, particularly in the mining sector. It outlines governance structures, priority sectors for decarbonization, and the application of the taxonomy to green debt instruments to mobilize capital for Chile's goal of carbon neutrality by 2050.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative examines the role of National Development Banks (NDBs) in financing climate-smart urban infrastructure. It identifies significant gaps in current NDB mandates and capacities, proposing a 'maturity model' with twelve dimensions across strategic, financial, business, and operational parameters to help NDBs better support local governments in implementing low-carbon and climate-resilient projects.

This policy brief examines the role of international development finance institutions (DFIs) and multilateral development banks (MDBs) in addressing South Africa's infrastructure deficit. It analyzes the shift from a historical reluctance to seek external aid toward a current necessity driven by rising public debt and the economic impact of COVID-19. The document details the government's Infrastructure Build Programme, the establishment of the Investment and Infrastructure Office (IIO), and the creation of a ZAR100 billion Infrastructure Fund, while highlighting critical gaps in project preparation skills and procurement coordination.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative examines the landscape of green and climate finance in China, highlighting the gap between current investment levels and the funding required to meet climate targets. It analyzes the dominance of the public sector, regional investment patterns, and the barriers preventing private capital from scaling, while offering recommendations for policy improvements and the greening of outbound investments.

This 2021 report by FSD Africa, prepared in collaboration with Impact Value, defines the concept of 'sustainable futures' and outlines how it is operationalised and measured across FSD Africa's projects. The framework emphasizes a 'just transition' and the preservation of five types of capital—financial, manufactured, human, social, and natural—to ensure that current interventions do not compromise the needs of future generations.