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This fact sheet from the Center for International Environmental Law argues that recent United States legislation, specifically the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) of 2021 and the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022, provides excessive subsidies and regulatory support to the fossil fuel industry through carbon capture, hydrogen production, and federal land leasing.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes how Indonesia can redirect fossil fuel subsidies toward renewable energy to meet its climate targets and align with its 2022 G20 Presidency priorities.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the renewable energy landscapes of Egypt and Morocco within the broader context of North Africa. It details the region's high technical potential for solar and wind, the current dominance of fossil fuels (gas in Egypt and coal in Morocco), and the strategic shifts toward renewable energy and green hydrogen to enhance energy security and export potential.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines fuel subsidies for marine fisheries in India, identifying them as the most significant form of government support for the sector. The document analyzes the distribution of these subsidies across focus states, their impact on sustainability and equity, and draws lessons from India's broader fossil fuel subsidy reforms to suggest paths for sustainable transition.

This policy brief examines fuel subsidies for marine fisheries in Indonesia, identifying them as the most consistent form of central government support. It highlights the risks these subsidies pose to marine sustainability and the socio-economic uncertainties regarding their benefit to small-scale fishers, while suggesting lessons from broader national fossil fuel subsidy reforms.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development and Équiterre proposes a four-part framework for the Canadian government to identify and phase out 'inefficient fossil fuel subsidies' to align with climate commitments and the Paris Agreement.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development and Équiterre proposes a four-criteria framework to identify and eliminate 'inefficient' fossil fuel subsidies in Canada, arguing that current efforts are fragmented and lack a clear definition of inefficiency.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines how Indonesia can reallocate fossil fuel subsidies and taxes to fund a green recovery and accelerate its energy transition. It proposes redirecting these funds toward renewable energy deployment, grid modernization, energy access in remote areas, and energy efficiency measures to meet national climate targets.

This research paper argues that the international trade regime, specifically through the WTO, can be leveraged to support climate change mitigation and adaptation by moving beyond unilateral measures like border carbon adjustments to include the removal of fossil fuel subsidies and the reduction of trade barriers for clean energy technologies.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development provides an inventory of energy support measures in Indonesia from 2016 to 2020, analyzing whether fiscal policies align with the country's goal of reaching net-zero emissions by 2060.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes energy support measures in India from FY 2014 to FY 2021, focusing on subsidies, public utility investments, and public finance lending to assess alignment with the country's 2070 net-zero goal.

This policy brief provides a governance-focused overview of how the World Trade Organization (WTO) addresses the intersection of trade, environment, and sustainable development. It details the various institutional bodies, negotiating processes, and recent member-led initiatives aimed at fostering sustainable trade.

A February 2022 briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) detailing Indonesia's energy subsidies, renewable energy targets, and potential financing mechanisms for a green recovery following the COVID-19 pandemic.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines the historical and current tensions between international trade rules and environmental protection. It highlights the role of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE), arguing that the removal of harmful subsidies in fossil fuels, fisheries, and agriculture is essential for achieving sustainable development and meeting climate goals.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes fossil fuel subsidies in four Canadian provinces—Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Newfoundland and Labrador—highlighting how these subsidies undermine climate targets and divert public funds.

This research paper explores options for a voluntary standstill commitment on inefficient fossil fuel subsidies for APEC member economies, as tasked by the APEC Ministers Responsible for Trade. It outlines three potential implementation models—inventory-based, value-based, and hybrid—to prevent the increase of market-distorting subsidies that have negative environmental impacts.

The Declaration on a Green COVID-19 Recovery is a joint statement co-authored by attendees of the 2021 GEC Global Meeting. It calls for a structural transformation of global economies to be nature-positive, net zero, and inclusive, arguing that current recovery policies are instead propping up fossil fuel industries and increasing inequality.

An analysis by Carolyn Deere Birkbeck of the Forum on Trade, Environment and the SDGs regarding opportunities for the World Trade Organization (WTO) to address environmental crises and sustainable development during its 12th Ministerial Conference (MC12).

A statement from World Resources Institute President & CEO Ani Dasgupta evaluating the outcomes of COP26, noting that while 151 new national climate commitments were submitted, they are insufficient to limit warming to 1.5°C. The statement highlights progress on phasing down coal, doubling adaptation funding, and addressing loss and damage, while criticizing the failure of developed countries to meet the $100 billion annual finance goal and the decision to allow old emission credits in carbon markets.

A statement by research organizations tracking global recovery spending calling for the redirection of COVID-19 stimulus away from carbon-intensive activities toward nature- and climate-positive investments to align with the 1.5°C temperature limit of the Paris Agreement.