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The document details the phased reporting milestones of the European Methane Regulation (MER) for imported oil and gas, from 2025 to 2030. It highlights the difficulty importers face in obtaining production segment data and proposes a hybrid solution to attribute methane emissions while balancing environmental integrity with market practicality.

The EU is making progress in solar energy and cleantech manufacturing, but the overall transition to climate neutrality by 2050 is slowed by a EUR 344 billion investment gap, continued fossil fuel dependence, and policy misalignments in agriculture and building renovations.

The report describes Colombia's 'Energy Communities' program, launched in 2023 under the National Development Plan 2022-2026, which empowers off-grid rural, Indigenous, and Afro-Colombian communities to manage their own renewable energy production and distribution to reduce energy poverty and foster local economic growth.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) submitted a statement to the OECD in September 2025 proposing a 'problem-driven' approach to investment treaty design. The document argues that investment treaties should evolve from static instruments of investor protection into active tools that support states' binding climate obligations, as highlighted by a July 2025 International Court of Justice (ICJ) Advisory Opinion. IISD suggests a three-step framework: assessing the realistic capabilities and limitations of treaties, identifying specific climate-related policy problems (such as energy sector bottlenecks and fossil fuel subsidy reform), and determining specific avenues for positive contribution, including transparency requirements and mandatory responsible business conduct for investors.

This research paper analyzes the role of green skills development and social protection in Brazil and South Africa as they pursue carbon neutrality by 2050. It compares South Africa's Just Energy Transition Partnership (JET-P) and its struggle with coal dependency and structural unemployment against Brazil's established renewable energy sector and its challenges with labor market informality. The paper argues that a just transition requires coordinated national strategies, robust investment in vocational training, and the integration of social protection programs with environmental sustainability goals.

This briefing, prepared for the 11th session of the open-ended intergovernmental working group (OEIGWG), advocates for the explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment (RtHE) within a proposed international legally binding instrument (LBI) to regulate transnational corporations and business enterprises.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and Convergence analyzes the enabling environment for domestic capital mobilization for climate finance in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. It examines the barriers preventing local private investment and the potential for blended finance—using concessional capital to attract commercial investment—to bridge the financing gap for mitigation and adaptation projects.

This report by Energy Innovation analyzes the projected impacts of a proposed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rule to rescind the 2009 Endangerment Finding and repeal greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards for new vehicles. Using the Energy Policy Simulator (EPS), the analysis finds that such a repeal would lead to significant economic losses, increased household energy costs, and higher rates of premature death due to increased air pollution between 2026 and 2050.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) inventories the public financial support provided by the governments of Canada and British Columbia to the liquefied natural gas (LNG) sector. It argues that billions in public funds have been directed toward an industry with uncertain economic viability and high environmental costs, shifting risks from the private sector to the public and undermining climate targets.

This appendix provides a detailed mapping of public financial flow schemes and subsidies for the energy transition in Chhattisgarh, India, covering the period from FY 2020 to FY 2024. It details Union and State government funding across electricity transmission and distribution (T&D), coal, oil and gas (O&G), renewable energy, electric vehicles (EVs), and bioenergy.

This guide, published by Natural Justice in September 2025, provides instructions for South African communities on how to participate in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for oil and gas projects along the coastline.

A guide produced by Natural Justice in September 2025 regarding proposed offshore oil and gas exploration drilling by Total Energies (TEEPSA) in the southern part of the Deep Water Orange Basin (DWOB) block.

This toolkit provides guidance for interested and affected persons (I&APs) and communities in South Africa on how to participate in and submit comments during the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for oil and gas projects.

This research paper examines the intersection of the evolving international trading system and the urgent need to address biodiversity loss, climate change, and sustainable development. It argues that while trade has historically contributed to environmental harm, it can be repurposed as a strategic tool for sustainability through new narratives, inclusive international cooperation, and coherent policy frameworks. The author identifies a shift from traditional trade liberalization toward 'multipurpose' approaches that balance security, resilience, and sustainability, and proposes a policy agenda to reorient trade rules, scale up sustainable technologies, and ensure equitable economic transformation for developing countries.

This white paper by Trend Asia provides an economic valuation of the potential losses resulting from the Rempang Eco City project on Rempang Island. The report argues that the project, framed as a 'green economy' transition, threatens the livelihoods of indigenous and local communities and causes significant ecological degradation. Through a mixed-methods approach, the research calculates that the total economic value of the island's ecosystems per household is far higher than government claims, and that the potential environmental losses from the project would be more than three times the average household income.

This report by Ember analyzes the performance of solar and wind power in Great Britain during the first half of 2025, highlighting how record-breaking solar generation compensated for below-average wind speeds to maintain clean power levels and displace gas generation in early summer.

In June 2024, a group of communities and environmental organizations filed petitions with the Constitutional Court of South Africa to appeal a Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) order that permits Shell to perform seismic testing on the Wild Coast.

This RMI fact sheet examines the practice of gas line extension allowances—subsidies where existing customers fund the cost of connecting new buildings to the natural gas system—and the movement among US states to phase them out to lower utility bills and support electrification.

This report by Ember analyses Chinese customs data to demonstrate a significant increase in solar panel imports into Africa in the 12 months leading up to June 2025. The analysis suggests a structural trend toward increased solar adoption across the continent, potentially driven by distributed solar, which could significantly expand electricity supply and reduce reliance on imported diesel.

This fact sheet by the Institute for Economic Justice advocates for the implementation of Universal Social Protection Floors to combat global poverty, hunger, and inequality. It details the role of the G20 in promoting these floors, specifically highlighting the contributions of previous presidencies and the strategic opportunity presented by South Africa's G20 presidency to integrate social protection with economic and industrial strategies.