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This case study by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines mine closure policies in South America, with a detailed focus on the legislative frameworks of Chile and Peru. It outlines international best practices for mine closure, emphasizing the critical role of financial guarantees to prevent abandoned sites and protect the public interest. The document compares the national approaches of Chile and Peru, highlighting their use of mandatory financial assurances and periodic plan updates, while noting a general lack of emphasis on social transition and post-closure land use in both jurisdictions.

This case study by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the importance of watershed-scale governance for mine water management, focusing on the experiences of Mongolia and the Antofagasta region of Chile. It outlines a framework for effective water governance based on risk-based planning, stakeholder collaboration, and clear policy implementation, while highlighting the specific challenges of managing water in arid mining regions.

The report 'État de la gouvernance environnementale mondiale 2021' analyzes the state of global environmental governance during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting a shift toward voluntary commitments, the challenges of virtual diplomacy, and the exacerbation of socio-economic inequalities that hinder environmental progress.

The World Resources Institute (WRI) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to environmental protection and sustainable development. For the 2021 tax year, WRI reported total revenue of $193,968,394 and total expenses of $183,476,237, focusing its efforts on global challenges including climate, energy, food, forests, water, oceans, and sustainable cities.

This 2021 report by WWF South Africa evaluates the management effectiveness of the South African marine protected area (MPA) network using the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT-SA 3). Based on a 2018 assessment of 27 sites, the report identifies systemic deficiencies in funding, staffing, and law enforcement, while proposing a phased approach to move MPAs from priority or basic management levels to optimal effectiveness.

The 'Manual de Educación Popular feminista' is a guide published by Friends of the Earth International in December 2020. It provides a pedagogical framework and practical tools for feminist popular education aimed at dismantling patriarchy and achieving gender justice. The manual integrates an anti-capitalist and ecofeminist perspective, linking the exploitation of nature and territories with the oppression of women's bodies and labor.

This policy brief examines the restart of agriculture negotiations at the World Trade Organization (WTO) in September 2020 under Chair Gloria Abraham Peralta. It analyzes the challenges of achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 amid the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and shifting global trade dynamics, while outlining seven key negotiating areas and potential pathways for progress.

This report by the Institute for Security Studies examines the process of developing Common African Positions (CAPs) within the African Union (AU) to enable the continent to speak with one voice in global diplomacy. While highlighting successful examples like the Post-2015 Development Agenda, the author identifies systemic challenges including a lack of member state ownership, over-dependence on external funding, and disconnects between AU headquarters and multilateral diplomatic hubs.

This research paper by the African Center for Economic Transformation (ACET) examines the gap between the signing of regional trade agreements and their actual implementation in Africa. It highlights the 'crisis of implementation' affecting the African Union (AU) and Regional Economic Communities (RECs), and discusses the potential and challenges of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). The authors argue for a shift from top-down agreements to a bottom-up, problem-driven approach centered on regional public goods to ensure sustainable economic integration.

This report examines the intersection of geopolitics and food security, arguing that achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger) requires an understanding of how geopolitical challenges—including unilateralism and zero-sum security approaches—hinder efforts to eradicate hunger.

This executive summary from the Institute for Security Studies (November 2020) outlines the necessary reforms for Algeria to achieve sustainable development by 2040. It identifies critical failures in governance, economic diversification, and resource management, while providing a set of policy recommendations to improve the business environment, food security, and energy transition.

This policy brief from the International Institute for Sustainable Development explores the precautionary principle, a guide in international environmental law that advocates for taking protective action even in the absence of full scientific certainty to avoid serious or irreversible damage.

This briefing explores the precautionary principle as a guide for decision-makers to protect the environment, public health, and security in the face of scientific uncertainty. It traces the principle's evolution from national laws in Sweden to its integration into major international treaties and the law of the European Union, while discussing the ongoing tension between environmental safeguarding and economic development.

The policy brief advocates for an integrated strategy to build resilience in Africa by combining decentralised renewable energy solutions with expanded digital economy access. It highlights that current energy and internet deficits hinder the continent's ability to respond to crises like COVID-19 and climate change. The document calls for an AU-EU partnership to invest in green energy, broadband infrastructure, and ICT skills to drive inclusive economic growth and improve health and education outcomes.

The report details the proceedings of the 50th meeting of the Executive Council (EC) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research, held via videoconference on 19 August 2020. The meeting focused on implementing decisions from the 28th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP-28) and discussing the feasibility of virtual meetings.

The World Resources Institute's 2018 Federal Tax Return (Form 990) details its financial activities, program accomplishments, and governance for the tax year ending September 30, 2019. The organization reported total revenue of $159,318,068 and total functional expenses of $120,793,841. Its primary program services focus on climate, energy, food, forests, water, and oceans, with significant expenditures across these areas and a global operational footprint including offices in Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, and the United States.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the instruments and public policies used for agricultural risk management in Brazil. It examines the strengths and failures of current systems, including insurance programs and price guarantees, and provides recommendations to improve efficiency and sustainability in the face of climate change.

The August 2020 Peace & Security Council Report examines political instability in Africa, focusing on military takeovers in Mali, constitutional disputes in Côte d'Ivoire and Guinea, the African Union's mediation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) dispute, and the institutional limitations of the Southern African Development Community (SADC).

This policy briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs argues that increasing electricity access, particularly through decentralized solar mini-grids, is critical to unlocking agricultural productivity and job creation in Africa. Using Uganda as a case study, the document highlights a significant 'value-addition gap' where low productivity and poor post-harvest infrastructure limit economic growth. It recommends a coordinated approach combining energy infrastructure with the reform of agricultural cooperatives, expanded access to micro- and commercial finance, and targeted micro-enterprise training for rural farmers.

A case study assessing how climate-related risks to household water security affect women in the Centre-East region of Burkina Faso, highlighting the role of gendered norms and ethnicity in driving vulnerability.