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The document emphasizes the need to establish a global monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) system under the global goal on adaptation (GGA) framework by COP 28. It argues that the GGA should prioritize enhancing adaptation action and meeting the needs of developing countries over becoming a prolonged methodological exercise. The report highlights that the Glasgow-Sharm-el Sheikh (GlaSS) work program, established at COP 26, aims to operationalize the GGA, with the goal of finalizing a framework for adoption at COP 28 to increase the visibility of adaptation and inform finance directions.

The Allied for Climate Transformation by 2025 (ACT2025) consortium calls for COP28 to accelerate climate action through four primary pillars: advancing ambition to limit warming to 1.5 degrees C, scaling up people-centered adaptation, operationalizing loss and damage institutions, and mobilizing trillions in climate finance. The document emphasizes that G-20 nations, responsible for approximately 75% of global emissions, must lead in phasing out fossil fuels and meeting financial commitments to support the most vulnerable nations.

The report argues that the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) should avoid a rigid, top-down indicator framework, which often creates bureaucratic burdens and fails to reflect local realities. Instead, it proposes a 'mixed approach' that combines a few high-level global targets with bottom-up, country-driven indicators derived from existing national MEL systems. The authors emphasize that the MEL system must be iterative and pragmatically bold, focusing on enhancing adaptive capacity and reducing vulnerability without imposing new reporting burdens on developing countries. Key recommendations include leveraging existing frameworks like the SDGs and the Sendai Framework, strengthening participatory processes, and defining clear roles for UNFCCC bodies to analyze collective progress for the Global Stocktake.

The 2022 report outlines the achievements of the WHO-Civil Society Working Group, including coordinated submissions to the UNFCCC, a joint call for a fossil fuel non-proliferation treaty, and the establishment of a health pavilion at COP27. It also details efforts to integrate climate change into health professional curricula and plans for a new WHA resolution in 2024.

The document outlines four strategic propositions for Sweden's 2023 EU presidency: ensuring energy crisis responses align with long-term climate goals, integrating enforceable sustainability standards into trade agreements, promoting 'just resilience' to address transboundary climate risks, and establishing an EU-wide approach to monitoring consumption-based emissions.

The Global Climate and Health Alliance calls for the integration of health metrics into global climate frameworks and the immediate phase-out of fossil fuels to prevent millions of avoidable deaths. The statement emphasizes that wealthy nations must meet the $100B climate finance goal, with half allocated to adaptation and significant investment in health systems. It highlights that the healthcare sector contributes 4-5% of global emissions and must be part of mitigation efforts while becoming more resilient to climate shocks.

WRI identifies six critical objectives for COP27: establishing a loss and damage financing mechanism, scaling adaptation support, strengthening national emissions targets (NDCs), ensuring the $100 billion climate finance goal is met, advancing the Global Stocktake, and converting previous Glasgow commitments into tangible actions.

The Global Stocktake (GST) is a five-year iterative cycle under the Paris Agreement designed to assess collective global progress in mitigation, adaptation, and finance. The process consists of three phases: Information Collection and Preparation, Technical Assessment, and Consideration of Outputs. For adaptation, the GST aims to establish a collective monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) system to define adequate responses and recognize the efforts of developing countries. The document highlights that National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and Adaptation Communications (AdComs) are primary data sources, but encourages the use of Voluntary Submissions to ensure sub-national actions and specific priorities are not lost during the Secretariat's synthesis process.

The Stockholm Environment Institute advocates for a shift in global climate diplomacy, moving away from 'us vs them' dynamics between developed and developing nations toward coalitions based on shared interdependence. Drawing on analysis of climate risk exposure, responsibility, and financial capacity, the author suggests that wealthy, high-emitting countries and vulnerable nations share a mutual self-interest in managing cross-border risks. The document highlights a new partnership with the EU and the role of the Glasgow–Sharm el-Sheikh Work Programme on the Global Goal on Adaptation in driving this transition.

The document identifies a governance gap in managing Transboundary Climate Risks (TCRs), where climate impacts in one country create risks in another due to global connectivity. Using the Brazilian-German coffee supply chain as a case study, it analyzes five governance pathways: transnational governance, development cooperation, international diplomacy, global markets, and domestic policy. It concludes that while transnational governance is the dominant discourse, it is often insufficient, and suggests that the UNFCCC and international traders should take a more active leadership role in operationalizing adaptation strategies across borders.

Nigeria's Adaptation Communication (AdCom) was developed through a participatory, gender-responsive process involving stakeholders from government, civil society, the private sector, and academia. The document aims to increase the visibility of adaptation relative to mitigation, provide input for the global stocktake, and assess progress toward the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA). The preparation was supported by the NAP Global Network Secretariat and the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), with funding from the United Kingdom's Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office (FCDO).

The report identifies critical transboundary climate risks in global agricultural trade, noting that a few major exporters like the US, Brazil, and China disproportionately transmit risk to dependent importers. It argues that traditional risk management, such as diversification, is insufficient against systemic climate shifts and calls for multilateral cooperation and system-level adaptation finance.

The document argues that climate change creates systemic, transboundary risks to food security that cannot be managed through traditional national strategies like diversification. Using a 'stress test' methodology, it identifies critical vulnerabilities in the trade of maize, rice, wheat, soy, sugar cane, and coffee, highlighting that a few major exporters—such as the US, Brazil, and China—transmit significant risk to global consumers. The authors call for a shift from national adaptation to a cooperative multilateral approach, utilizing frameworks like the Paris Agreement's Global Goal on Adaptation and rethinking climate finance to target systemic resilience in global commodity markets.

The paper examines the alignment between the African Group of Negotiators' (AGN) vision for a Global Goal for Adaptation (GGA) and the provisions of the Paris Agreement. It argues that while the Agreement establishes a GGA and recognizes the link between mitigation and adaptation, significant technical and political work is required to operationalise it. Key recommendations include establishing minimum information requirements for adaptation components of Nationally Determined Contributions (a-NDCs) to enable the aggregation of data for the global stocktake, and developing sector-specific risk metrics to track progress. The authors emphasize the need for 'material parity' between mitigation and adaptation, ensuring that adaptation support is adequate, transparent, and based on scientific temperature scenarios.

The document examines the progress of the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) following SB62, highlighting a divide between developed and developing nations over how to measure progress and implement adaptation strategies. While there is a framework of eleven thematic targets, Parties remain polarized on the specific indicators to be finalized by the Belém work programme. The briefing details the specific stances of Australia, Least Developed Countries (LDCs), and the Arab Group, noting a lack of consensus on transformational adaptation and means of implementation.

The COP30 Week 2 debrief details the adoption of the 'Global Mutirão' cover decision, which calls for tripling adaptation finance by 2035 but omits references to fossil fuels and deforestation. Key outcomes include the recommendation for a Just Transition mechanism (BAM) to be operationalized in 2026, the transfer of $26.8 million to the Article 6.4 PACM, and the adoption of the Belém Gender Action Plan. However, significant tensions persisted regarding unilateral trade measures, the 1.5°C temperature goal, and the lack of concrete targets in climate finance and the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA).

The document outlines the progress of the Sharm el-Sheikh joint work on implementation of agriculture and food security (SSJA) following SB62, where a draft was adopted without objection. It highlights a divide between the G77, China, and LDCs—who prioritize food security, adaptation for smallholders, and non-conditional finance—and developed nations like the EU, UK, and Australia, who favor market-linked mechanisms and climate-smart agriculture. The briefing notes that while parties recognize the need to align agriculture finance with climate goals, significant funding gaps remain as they prepare for COP30 in Belém.

Four youth delegates from ClimaTalk share their experiences at SB60 in Bonn, detailing the technical challenges of tracking policies such as the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) and the Just Transition Work Programme (JTWP). They highlight a dynamic increase in youth participation and the presence of a youth-centered climate camp, while noting barriers to accessibility including financial constraints on remote participation, visa issues for delegates from less developed countries, and a lack of translation services.

The COP30 Resilience Hub Report details the outcomes of the climate summit in Belém, Brazil, highlighting a mix of incremental progress and persistent gaps in adaptation finance and implementation. Key achievements include the adoption of 59 indicators for the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA), a political commitment to triple adaptation finance by 2035, and the establishment of a Global Just Transition Mechanism. The report also showcases Peru's national resilience model, which integrates Indigenous governance and a comprehensive 'Country Package for forests and nature'. However, it notes significant misalignments between short-term political/financial cycles and long-term climate risks, and emphasizes that less than 1% of climate finance currently reaches Indigenous peoples and local communities.

Uruguay's Long-Term Climate Strategy (ECLP) establishes a roadmap toward CO2 neutrality by 2050 and stability in CH4 and N2O emissions. The strategy prioritizes climate adaptation and resilience due to the country's high vulnerability, particularly in its agro-industrial and coastal sectors. Key mitigation pathways include a second energy transformation focusing on electromobility and green hydrogen, the gradual substitution of clinker in cement production, and increasing carbon sequestration through native and commercial forestry. The document also emphasizes a 'Just Transition' to manage employment shifts in the energy and waste sectors, while aligning national efforts with the Paris Agreement's Global Goal on Adaptation.