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This working paper proposes a results framework for monitoring the indirect outcomes of Components A (small solar-powered generators) and C (on-grid solar pumps) of India's Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM KUSUM) scheme. The framework utilizes a water-energy-food (WEF) nexus approach to move beyond quantitative metrics, such as installed solar capacity, to capture qualitative socioeconomic changes in farmers' lives.

This working paper by the World Resources Institute explores the potential for technological carbon removal in the United States, focusing on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), direct air capture with storage (DACS), and frontier technologies. It identifies the infrastructure, policy, and research needs required to scale these technologies to help meet Paris Agreement temperature targets.

This working paper analyzes the institutional, financial, and human resource capacities of Cameroon, Indonesia, and Peru in developing forest and land-use information systems (FLUIS), identifying key enabling factors and systemic challenges.

This briefing from the World Resources Institute, part of a series titled 'Keys to Achieving Universal Energy Access', examines policy and regulatory frameworks needed to scale up distributed renewable energy services in developing countries. Based on research and workshops conducted between 2012 and 2013, the document highlights the role of distributed energy in meeting global electricity access goals and provides recommendations for engaging enterprises in policy-making and reforming the financial sector to unlock capital.

This working paper by the World Resources Institute addresses the 'MRV' (measurement, reporting, and verification) challenge within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations. It outlines key questions regarding the verification of supported actions, the governance of an international registry for Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), and the role of national climate action plans to ensure country accountability for greenhouse gas emission mitigation and support obligations.

This research paper examines the potential for clean hydrogen to decarbonize the United States freight transport sector, including road, air, water, and rail. It positions hydrogen as a complementary solution to electrification and other clean fuels, noting that while significant cost, infrastructure, and technological barriers exist, hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels could provide mature, low-carbon alternatives by 2050.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute examines how collaborations between U.S. cities and corporations can overcome technical, policy, and market barriers to advance the procurement and deployment of renewable electricity.

This expert note examines the factors that make Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) credible and explores how biennial transparency reports (BTRs) under the Paris Agreement's enhanced transparency framework (ETF) provide the necessary information to assess and inform the credibility of these national climate plans.

Dr. Jonathan Pershing of the World Resources Institute provided testimony to the US Senate Environment and Public Works Committee supporting the America’s Climate Security Act of 2007 (S. 2191). He argued that the bill's cap-and-trade system would provide a necessary price signal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at modest economic costs while positioning the United States to lead international climate action.

This working paper by the World Resources Institute analyzes how the 20 highest-emitting countries incorporate behavior change strategies within their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), focusing on nine 'Priority Practices' across the food, mobility, and energy sectors.

This research paper examines the potential for Indian electricity distribution companies (discoms) to implement green tariffs to attract and retain Commercial and Industrial (C&I) consumers who are increasingly seeking renewable energy (RE) procurement options.

This research paper examines how the auto-rickshaw sector in India can contribute to sustainable urban transport using the Avoid-Shift-Improve (ASI) framework. It proposes a policy vision focused on the 'Shift' and 'Improve' strategies, recommending regulatory reforms for dispatch services, engine technology to reduce emissions, and vehicle design and infrastructure changes to enhance road safety.

This research paper analyzes the role of biomass and biofuels in the decarbonization of the United States economy through 2050, arguing that biomass is a limited resource that must be managed with strict carbon accounting and guardrails to avoid unsustainable land use change.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute provides guidance for Ethiopian policymakers to align economic development goals with water availability and climate risks, arguing that current national planning does not sufficiently account for water resource requirements or vulnerability to climate shocks.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute examines methods to improve the implementation of the Paris Agreement by analyzing 30 years of experience under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol.

This research paper examines how Makueni County, Kenya, can unlock public finance for clean energy by integrating energy planning into development budgets. It identifies systemic barriers—such as siloed departmental planning and coordination gaps between subnational and national governments—that hinder the deployment of renewable energy infrastructure for health, agriculture, and water systems.

This fact sheet by the World Resources Institute (WRI) analyzes how North Carolina can utilize existing state policies and infrastructure to reduce power sector carbon dioxide emissions and meet or exceed forthcoming U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards.

This fact sheet by the World Resources Institute (WRI) analyzes the potential impacts of the proposed American Power Act (APA) on manufacturing subsectors, specifically focusing on the chemicals industry. It details the APA's permit system for greenhouse gas emissions and the role of free allowance rebates for energy-intensive, trade-exposed industries.

This fact sheet by the World Resources Institute explains the legal basis and potential mechanisms for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to regulate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions under the Clean Air Act following a 2007 Supreme Court ruling and a 2009 EPA endangerment finding.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute, written for the Climate Vulnerable Forum (CVF), identifies mitigation and adaptation options for CVF member countries to enhance their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) by 2020 to encourage larger emitters to increase their own ambitions.