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This report by I&P Ecosystems, commissioned by the CC Facility Learning Hub, analyzes the role of blended finance in supporting impact funds under $100 million that operate at the intersection of gender and climate in Sub-Saharan Africa. Based on a sample of 46 nexus funds, the study finds that blended finance is systemic to the sector, with 86% of these funds utilizing at least one blended finance archetype to launch and operate. While essential for de-risking and scaling, the report identifies significant inequities in access, noting that larger debt funds capture the majority of concessional capital, while early-stage SME funds and first-time managers are often excluded from meaningful support beyond small design grants and technical assistance.

The State of Green Banks 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the global landscape of green banks, focusing on their role in bridging a USD 7.4 trillion annual climate funding gap. Based on survey data from 51 public financial institutions, the report identifies four primary models for green banks—standalone de novo banks, enhanced public development banks (PDBs), green facilities within PDBs, and country platforms—and evaluates their suitability for different economic contexts, particularly in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs).

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative examines the landscape of project preparation and finance for net zero carbon buildings (NZCBs) in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. It highlights the critical role of building decarbonization in meeting regional climate goals, identifies barriers such as energy subsidies, and maps the activities of 12 international entities providing project preparation support to develop investable project pipelines.

This briefing note by the Global Resilience Partnership and Transitions Research examines the landscape of urban resilience solutions in informal contexts across the Global South. Based on a review of approximately 130 solutions, the report identifies a significant gap in urban climate investment—where only 1.2% of urban climate finance flows to adaptation and resilience—and highlights that most non-governmental solutions are still in early development stages. It provides recommendations for municipalities, funders, and policymakers to scale these innovations through better coordination, hybrid financing, and the integration of informal settlements into city planning.

This report by Boston Consulting Group (BCG), the Global Resilience Partnership, and USAID outlines the business case for private sector investment in climate adaptation and resilience. It identifies three primary opportunities: 'Protecting' existing assets and supply chains, 'Growing' the market for adaptation solutions, and 'Participating' in public sector implementation. The analysis emphasizes that adaptation is no longer a theoretical risk but a business imperative, particularly in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs), where investments often yield high benefit-to-cost ratios.

This report analyzes the potential for subnational pension funds to increase investments in climate-smart urban infrastructure. It defines subnational pension funds as those limiting membership by location (province, region, state, city) or occupation. The document identifies structural and external barriers to these investments, evaluates the landscape across seven countries, and proposes financial instruments and policy recommendations to mobilize this untapped capital for the climate transition.

This report by the NewClimate Institute analyzes urban mobility mitigation options for Georgia, identifying 'low-hanging fruit' measures with high mitigation potential and low costs, while highlighting significant financial and administrative barriers facing municipalities, particularly smaller ones, in accessing international funding.

This report examines the clean cooking landscape in Bangladesh, detailing the prevalence of biomass fuels, the adoption of various clean cooking technologies, and the financing mechanisms and policy barriers affecting the transition to cleaner energy. It highlights the role of government-led initiatives and development finance institutions in promoting improved cookstoves and biogas, while noting a lack of private sector participation outside the LPG market.

This working paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the global climate finance landscape, focusing on the coordination challenges arising from diverse funding sources and implementation channels at both global and national levels.

This 2017 report by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) maps the global landscape of initiatives integrating gender equality, social inclusion, and women's empowerment within the sustainable energy and climate change sectors. Based on data from 174 organizations across 45 countries, the report identifies regional priorities, funding trends, and systemic barriers to achieving universal energy access.

This research paper examines the financial implications of climate change for investors, analyzing the current state of ESG data, tools, and financial products used to manage climate exposure. It highlights systemic gaps in data standardization and the limitations of existing green financial instruments, while proposing pathways for improving disclosure and mainstreaming ESG integration to better align capital with low-carbon pathways.

This report by NatureFinance and the World Bioeconomy Forum analyzes the current state and future potential of the global bioeconomy, focusing on the financial instruments and policy frameworks needed to transition toward a sustainable, nature-positive, and equitable economy. It proposes a strategic spectrum to categorize bioeconomic activities and highlights the critical role of international cooperation, particularly through the G20, to align finance with biodiversity and climate goals.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and Yayasan Humanis dan Inovasi Sosial analyzes the climate finance landscape in Indonesia, specifically focusing on the structural barriers that prevent marginalized populations from accessing funds. It argues that current top-down approaches prioritize financier agendas over local needs and recommends a shift toward blended finance and targeted capacity building to ensure an equitable energy and climate transition.

This Technical Note serves as a reference guide for conducting total cost of ownership (TCO) analyses for diesel and electric school buses, providing recommended default specifications for parameters such as procurement, maintenance, and operating costs to assist school districts and policymakers in the United States.

This working paper analyzes over 90 intergovernmental alliances and partnerships focused on climate change mitigation. It finds a fragmented landscape dominated by developed countries, where most initiatives prioritize knowledge sharing over the achievement of quantified targets or policy adoption.