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This case study, part of a larger report on BRICS nations, analyzes the fiscal relationship between the South African government and fossil fuels, focusing on revenue dependence and the impact of subsidies.

This case study, part of a larger report on BRICS nations, analyzes the fiscal relationship between the Chinese government and fossil fuels, focusing on revenue percentages and the impact of subsidies.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development argues that BRICS governments must prepare their budgets for a fiscal transition as the clean energy transition reduces revenues from fossil fuel production and consumption.

This case study, part of a larger report on BRICS nations, analyzes the fiscal relationship between the Brazilian government and fossil fuels, focusing on revenue dependence and the impact of subsidies.

This research paper by the NewClimate Institute compares geothermal and coal power generation in Kenya, evaluating their impacts on costs, affordability, reliability, and sustainable development. The study finds that geothermal energy is significantly more cost-effective, creates more domestic employment, and has far lower environmental and health impacts than the proposed coal plants in Lamu and Kitui.

This report by the NewClimate Institute examines the potential of renewable energy mini-grids to help Kenya achieve universal electrification by 2022. It argues that mini-grids are often more cost-effective than national grid extension for rural and remote areas and can provide significant socio-economic and climate benefits, though they remain under-represented in national planning documents like the 2018 Kenya National Electrification Strategy (KNES) and the 2017-2037 Least Cost Power Development Plan (LCPDP).

RMI is testing a "community-led" approach to rural minigrids in sub-Saharan Africa through its "Sharing the Power" project. Unlike top-down models, which RMI argues can lead to stranded assets and system failure, community-led projects are designed in partnership with local leadership and structures. RMI hypothesizes that this approach can increase electricity demand for productive use and reduce system costs and prices by 60% compared to 2018 levels. The program is currently evaluating implementation in Nigeria and Ethiopia.

This briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines the role of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in the Southern African Development Community (SADC), highlighting the necessity of adopting General Purpose Technologies to drive economic growth despite significant digital divides and infrastructure constraints.

This executive summary from the Center for International Environmental Law details how the lifecycle of plastic—from fossil fuel extraction to waste management—contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, threatening the global goal of limiting temperature rise to 1.5°C.

This technical note describes the Aqueduct 3.0 water risk framework, which aggregates 13 indicators—covering quantity, quality, and reputational risks—into a composite overall water risk score to help decision-makers identify high-risk regions or assets.

The 2019 Global Landscape of Climate Finance report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes global climate-related primary investment from 2013 to 2018. It finds that while annual climate finance reached record levels, crossing the USD half-trillion mark in 2017 and 2018, current investment levels remain significantly below what is required to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement and a 1.5 ˚C scenario.

The 2019 Chilling Prospects report identifies that 3.2 billion people in 52 high-risk countries face cooling access challenges, including 1.05 billion facing serious risks in rural areas and urban slums, and 2.2 billion in the developing lower-middle class who rely on inefficient cooling technologies.

This briefing, authored by Elder Donald Bogen, Jr. of Bayou Interfaith Shared Community Organizing, presents a community perspective on the LA SAFE project, highlighting the social and psychological impacts of relocation and criticizing the lack of inclusiveness in government-led planning.

This briefing outlines a community-centered resilience approach in Louisiana, detailing a process of outreach and engagement to develop parish-level plans that address flood risk, land loss, and economic prosperity.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER), acting on behalf of groundWork and Earthlife Africa NPC, submitted a formal request to Minister Gwede Mantashe for written reasons regarding the promulgation of the updated Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) for Electricity published on 18 October 2019.

The Centre for Environmental Rights, acting on behalf of groundWork and Earthlife Africa NPC, submitted a formal request to the National Energy Regulator of South Africa (NERSA) on 5 November 2019 for written reasons regarding the approval of the updated Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) for Electricity published on 18 October 2019.

A research paper by the NewClimate Institute estimating the potential supply of carbon offset credits for the International Civil Aviation Organisation's CORSIA scheme from 2013 to 2035.

This research paper examines the compatibility of the planetary boundaries framework with democratic decision-making in earth system governance, proposing a deliberative approach to balance expert scientific warnings with democratic legitimacy.

An open letter from a coalition of environmental activists to President Cyril Ramaphosa urging that the South Africa Investment Conference (5–7 November 2019) prioritize responsible investment over the exploitation of natural resources, specifically opposing the weakening of water use regulations to attract business.

The Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) responds to President Trump's November 4, 2019, formal notice to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement, highlighting the role of subnational entities and private companies in maintaining climate commitments.