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This technical report, produced by the FAO, SEI, TNC, and CI, synthesizes scientific evidence on how forests and trees provide essential ecosystem services—including climate regulation, water availability, and pollination—that enhance agricultural productivity and resilience.

This technical note describes the Aqueduct 3.0 water risk framework, which aggregates 13 indicators—covering quantity, quality, and reputational risks—into a composite overall water risk score to help decision-makers identify high-risk regions or assets.

This research paper assesses the impact of climate change on the Gilgel Abay River in Ethiopia's Upper Blue Nile Basin using the Statistical Downscaling Tool (SDSM) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The study projects fluctuating precipitation and flow volumes between 2010 and 2100, ultimately predicting an overall annual increase in flow volume that could benefit local irrigation and dam projects.

This fact sheet describes a study analyzing transition zones (ecotones) between forest and non-forest sites across one Canadian and four South American locations to understand how climate change and human intervention drive ecosystem displacements.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law and the Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights examines how the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) interprets state obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in relation to climate change.

This guide explains the methodology, data sources, and limitations of the World Resources Institute's Aqueduct future projections for water availability and risk, which utilize climate and socioeconomic scenarios to inform long-term water resource management.

This working paper details the methodology for creating the Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas, a global database and interactive tool designed to translate complex hydrological data into intuitive water-related risk indicators for decision-makers.