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The report argues that South Africa does not need new gas-fired power generation until at least 2035, if ever, due to the falling costs of renewables and battery storage. It warns that current government momentum toward gas-to-power, including the RMI4P program and proposed LNG terminals, risks creating stranded assets and increasing electricity costs for consumers. The authors recommend a moratorium on gas-to-power development, focusing instead on rapid renewable deployment and energy efficiency.

The report examines the status of women in the Australian large-scale mining sector from 2010/11 to 2020/21. It finds that while women's participation is increasing, the sector remains heavily male-dominated, with significant gender gaps in technical roles, pay, and leadership. Women are over-represented in clerical roles and part-time employment, and they face barriers such as the remoteness of mine sites and a lack of support for care responsibilities. The study highlights a significant gender pay gap and the underutilisation of STEM-qualified women. It recommends organisational policy reforms, targeted capacity building in mining technology, and improved gender-disaggregated data collection to foster a more inclusive industry.

The report examines the status of women in Chile's large-scale mining sector, noting that while female participation grew from 6.16% in 2010 to 10.06% in 2021, the industry remains highly masculinized. It identifies significant gender pay gaps, particularly in cleaning and restaurant services (49.7%) and miner roles (17.9%). The analysis reveals that women are more concentrated in administrative, support, and high-education roles (such as geology) but are severely under-represented in core value chain operations like mechanical and electrical maintenance. Barriers to inclusion include persistent gender stereotypes, lack of suitable infrastructure (e.g., childcare and housing), and sexual harassment. The document also highlights a gap between the number of women graduating from mining-relevant STEM programs and those actually employed in the sector, estimating that only 25% of female professionals and technicians who graduated between 2010 and 2020 were working in mining as of 2021.

The report analyzes the participation of women in Chile's large-scale mining sector, noting an increase in female employment from 6.16% in 2010 to 10.06% in 2021. While there is growth in leadership roles and professional engineering, women remain severely underrepresented in core operational and maintenance roles. Significant gender pay gaps persist, particularly in support services, and women face systemic barriers including sexual harassment, gender stereotypes, and a lack of childcare infrastructure. The document emphasizes that large-scale mines drive the overall increase in female participation, while smaller operations lag behind.

The document reports an increase in Indonesia's projected fossil fuel subsidies for 2022 and notes that the country missed its 2021 renewable energy investment and electricity mix targets due to pandemic-related project delays.

The document argues that Indonesia must utilize public funding, fiscal incentives, and public financial institutions to attract the private investment necessary to reach its 2025 renewable energy target of 23% of the national energy mix. It highlights a significant investment gap, noting that in 2020, fossil fuel investments (USD 16.5 billion) vastly outweighed renewable energy spending (USD 1.4 billion). The brief recommends increasing investment targets for solar photovoltaic and wind power, improving the traceability of financial flows, and aligning the strategies of state-owned enterprises like PT PLN and PT Pertamina with NDC targets. It also mentions the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), a US$20 billion pledge from developed countries to accelerate the transition through coal plant retirement and renewable deployment.

The 6th edition of the Progressing National SDGs Implementation report analyzes 42 voluntary national review (VNR) reports and 17 civil society reports from 2021. It finds that while reporting on the 'Leave No One Behind' principle and COVID-19 impacts on vulnerable populations has increased, most reports ignore the shrinking of civic spaces and attacks on human rights and environmental defenders. Additionally, while general implementation information remains consistent, the report notes backslides in budgeting and awareness-raising activities.

The policy brief examines the long-standing tension between the World Trade Organization's (WTO) focus on trade liberalization and the need for environmental protection. It highlights the failure of the Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE) to produce recommendations and the persistence of harmful subsidies in agriculture, fisheries, and fossil fuels. The author argues that the WTO must integrate science-policy interfaces and prioritize sustainable development to support the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, noting recent member-led initiatives on plastics and climate as potential paths forward.

The document advocates for moving beyond GDP toward comprehensive/inclusive wealth (C/IW) to better balance short-term goals with long-term environmental, social, and economic well-being. It emphasizes the need for capacity building for decision-makers and expanded measurement by national statistical offices.

The briefing explains that limiting global warming to 1.5°C requires no new oil and gas field development after 2021, as existing production declines at a rate similar to the required drop in consumption. It argues that this conclusion is supported by IPCC scenarios and suggests the IEA's scenario may be conservative due to its reliance on carbon capture and storage (CCS), which faces significant commercialization challenges.

The report finds that British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Newfoundland and Labrador provided at least CAD 2.5 billion in fossil fuel subsidies in FY 2020/21 and CAD 1.5 billion in FY 2021/22. It argues that these subsidies incentivize production that might not otherwise occur and hinder Canada's ability to meet its 1.5°C climate target.

The polluter-pays principle (PPP) requires those who produce pollution to bear the costs of managing it to prevent damage to human health and the environment. While established in the European Union and OECD, it is not yet a customary international norm due to ambiguities in defining 'the polluter' and varying national implementations. In climate change law, the PPP informs debates on loss and damage and is indirectly present in the Paris Agreement through nationally determined contributions and climate finance. The document suggests that combining the PPP with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) could help the Global North absorb costs for environmental harms caused in the Global South.

The report identifies that four major Canadian fossil fuel-producing provinces provided at least CAD 2.5 billion in subsidies in FY 2020/21 and 1.5 billion in FY 2021/22 (up to December 2021). These subsidies, consisting of royalty reductions, tax exemptions, and direct transfers, are described as incompatible with 1.5°C goals and a hindrance to Canada's Paris Agreement obligations. The authors highlight a lack of transparency in provincial budgeting and a trend of using fossil fuel support as a COVID-19 recovery strategy. The report recommends that provinces increase transparency, align with federal targets to phase out subsidies by 2023, cease creating new subsidies, and collaborate with the federal government.

The document outlines a comprehensive approach to soil remediation in China, combining international technical standards for risk assessment and remediation with an analysis of China's specific legal and financial landscape. It details the process of identifying contaminated sites—using mercury (Hg) as a primary example—and evaluates various remediation technologies and their costs. The guide examines the role of stakeholders under the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Soil Contamination (LPCSC) and identifies significant financing gaps, suggesting a mix of public funds, green bonds, and blended finance to address the high costs of land rehabilitation.

The document analyzes Indonesia's energy landscape, highlighting a projected increase in LPG subsidies to IDR 66.3 trillion in 2022 and a decline in diesel subsidies. It examines the National Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2021–2030, noting that while it targets a 24.8% renewable energy share by 2030, coal remains dominant. The briefing also discusses the challenges of coal phase-out, the introduction of a carbon tax, and the gap between Indonesia's COP 26 commitments and its actual NDC targets.

The document assesses Indonesia's progress toward its 23% renewable energy target by 2025, identifying a significant investment gap of approximately USD 29 billion. It analyzes roadblocks such as non-cost-reflective pricing, fragmented regulations, and the dominance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the electricity sector. The brief evaluates existing support mechanisms, including Green Sukuk, tax incentives, and the roles of Public Financial Institutions (PFIs) like PT SMI and the Indonesia Investment Authority (INA). It recommends reforming fossil-fuel subsidies, implementing renewable energy auctions, and mandating SOEs like PT PLN and PT Pertamina to prioritize clean energy to mobilize the private capital necessary for a fossil-free recovery.

The polluter-pays principle (PPP) requires that the costs of pollution be borne by those responsible for causing it. While established in the EU and OECD, it is not a customary international norm due to varying state definitions and implementation complexities. In climate law, the PPP is relevant to loss and damage and carbon pricing, though it is not explicitly mentioned in the UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, or Paris Agreement. The document suggests that combining the PPP with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) could ensure that Global North entities absorb the costs of environmental harms caused in the Global South.

The document outlines key water security issues in mining—quality, quantity, and social impacts—and proposes a comprehensive approach for governments to manage these risks. It reviews international monitoring frameworks from Canada, the EU, Australia, New Zealand, and the US, highlighting the Canadian Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) program as a detailed model. A central theme is the value of Participatory Monitoring Programs (PMPs) and Community-Based Water Monitoring (CBWM) in reducing power imbalances and building social license. The report concludes with five key actions for governments: establishing clear monitoring requirements, defining baseline conditions, setting response thresholds through adaptive management, implementing rigorous reporting, and engaging stakeholders through PMPs.

The report documents a series of virtual workshops held in 2021 by Climate Action Network Canada (CAN-Rac) involving approximately 30 civil society groups. The discussions focused on the technical, moral, and ethical challenges of achieving net-zero, emphasizing the need for social justice, equity, and inclusion. Key areas of focus included the energy transition, the definition of 'net' in net-zero, and the distinction between incremental and systems change to inform future advocacy and policy asks.

A survey of over 300 municipalities and Indigenous communities in the Prairie provinces reveals that while over 80% have experienced unusual extreme weather in the last decade, formal preparation is low, with only 5% having completed a formal adaptation plan. Communities report significant barriers to progress, including limited financial resources, staff time, and technical skills.