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The UBS Optimus Foundation Social Success Note (SSN) is a 5-year financial instrument designed to provide schools in Uganda, Nigeria, and Kenya with access to clean water by leveraging private capital and concessional funding.

CRAFT, managed by the Lightsmith Group, is a commercial growth equity fund targeting SMEs with proven climate adaptation and resilience technologies in developed and developing countries, including Africa. Having reached its first close in 2019 with backers like the Rockefeller Foundation, KfW, and EIB, the fund targets high-vulnerability, low-risk countries and seeks capital from institutional investors and development finance institutions.

This case study details the financing and implementation of the Abu Rawash Wastewater Treatment Plant project in Egypt, highlighting the roles of development finance institutions (DFIs) and the national government in funding climate adaptation infrastructure.

This case study describes a USD 2.25 million credit guarantee scheme (CGS) established by the Common Fund for Commodities (CFC) and the Rabobank Foundation to increase commercial loan access for smallholder coffee farmers and cooperatives in Ethiopia.

The R4 Rural Resilience Initiative, launched in 2011 by the World Food Program and Oxfam America, integrates risk reduction, transfer, taking, and reserves to improve food and income security for farmers facing climate risks.

The Komaza Smallholder Forestry Vehicle (SFV) is a financial instrument designed to provide low-cost, long-term finance to smallholder farmers and forestry companies in Kenya by packaging tree production partnership contracts for institutional investors.

The ARM-Harith Cities & Climate Transition Fund (The ACT Fund) is a mid-market greenfield infrastructure fund designed to expand sustainable infrastructure in West Africa. It utilizes a blended-currency mechanism to reduce financing friction at early project stages and mobilize local institutional investment through structured exit solutions.

The Amazônia Sustainable Supply Chains (AMSSC) Mechanism is a blended finance instrument designed to scale the bioeconomy in the Brazilian Amazon. Proposed by Natura and Mauá Capital, it combines a receivables fund to provide upfront financing to smallholder cooperatives with an Enabling Conditions Facility (ECF) that provides technical assistance and community infrastructure investments. The mechanism aims to reduce deforestation pressure by strengthening value chains for non-timber, forest-compatible products.

This report explores how insurance can be integrated into urban climate resilience strategies to mitigate financial and physical risks. It argues that while insurance is underutilized, cities can act as consumers of risk-transfer products, stewards of risk-reducing policy, and conveners of stakeholders. Key barriers include a lack of technical capacity, data gaps, and the short-term nature of insurance products. The report recommends increased investment in risk assessment, the development of collaborative resilience plans with the insurance industry, and the use of concessional finance from DFIs to make insurance affordable for vulnerable urban populations.

The 'Data-Driven Energy Access for Africa' instrument, developed by Nithio, is a financial intermediary that uses AI and geospatial data to provide loans to solar distributors in Sub-Saharan Africa. By standardizing credit risk analysis, the instrument aims to expand financing beyond the largest operators to reach smaller, local distributors and last-mile customers, ultimately targeting the deployment of USD 500 million in loans by 2029.

This case study by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the governance, areas of influence, and environmental risks associated with four federal transport infrastructure projects in the state of Pará: Ferrogrão, BR-155/158, BR-163/230/MT/PA, and BR-230. Using a 'market access approach' to quantify deforestation risks, the study finds that these projects collectively threaten nearly 7,000 square kilometers of native Amazon vegetation, with over half of that impact occurring in Pará. The report highlights significant transparency issues regarding project documentation and argues that the state government should engage in earlier dialogue with the federal government to incorporate mitigation costs and deforestation control into project designs.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the governance, influence areas, and environmental risks of four federal transport infrastructure projects in the state of Pará: the Ferrogrão railway and the BR-155/158, BR-163/230/MT/PA, and BR-230 highways. The study highlights a systemic lack of transparency in socio-environmental documentation and uses a market-access methodology to quantify the risk of deforestation associated with these projects.

The Guarantee Fund for Biogas (GFB) is a proposed financial instrument designed to unlock public and private credit for independent biogas project developers in Brazil by providing construction-phase loan guarantees. By acting as a CVM-compliant fixed-income fund investing in treasury bills, the GFB addresses the lack of collateral that prevents smaller developers from accessing existing credit lines, aiming to scale Brazil's biogas capacity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

This technical note by Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes Brazil's Provisional Presidential Decree (MP) no. 1,065/2021 and Senate Bill (PL) no. 261/2018. The authors argue that the new legal framework for railroad authorizations lacks sufficient procedural clarity, governance, and transparency, which could jeopardize the socio-environmental analysis of private railroad projects.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the legal framework for railway authorizations in Brazil, specifically Provisional Measure (MP) No. 1,065/2021 and Bill (PL) No. 261/2018. The authors argue that while the new regime simplifies private sector investment in railway infrastructure, it lacks necessary procedural clarity, governance, and transparency, which could undermine the analysis of socio-environmental impacts.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the rural credit market in the Brazilian Cerrado biome, highlighting a concentration of financial flows toward large-scale producers and soy production, while noting a scarcity of credit for small and medium-sized family farmers.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-Rio analyzes federal and state legislation regarding forest compensation for legal deforestation in Brazil. It examines how the 2012 Forest Code regulates conservation on private lands and identifies significant gaps in state-level implementation, technical criteria, and monitoring systems.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the characteristics of rural credit in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. It highlights a significant concentration of financial flows toward large producers and the expansion of soybean production, contrasting this with limited credit access for small and medium-sized family farmers. The study also notes a growing trend of private financing sources, although public banks continue to dominate the distribution of credit.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the rural credit market in the Brazilian Cerrado biome, highlighting a significant concentration of financial flows toward large-scale producers and soy production, contrasted with limited credit access for small and medium-sized family farmers.

The document analyzes the regulatory framework for forest compensation in Brazil under the 2012 Forest Code. It finds that most state laws are outdated and inconsistent with federal rules, often prioritizing raw material supply over ecological conservation. The authors recommend updating state laws, adopting 'no net loss of habitat' principles, ensuring cash payments are tied to specific restoration projects, and implementing geospatial monitoring tools to ensure effective environmental compensation.