ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL?

This 2023 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) provides a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12.651/2012) across Brazilian states. It focuses on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA), detailing the progress in registration, data analysis, and the formalization of environmental recovery commitments. The document highlights a significant acceleration in 2023, with several states adopting automated analysis tools and expanding the number of signed commitment terms, while identifying persistent bottlenecks in communication with landowners and the lack of technical staff in certain regions.

• The implementation of the Forest Code in Brazil is highly uneven, though 2023 saw a 'jump in the agenda' with more states scaling CAR analysis and implementing the PRA. A group of leading states that have reached all implementation stages includes Acre, Bahia, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Rondônia, and São Paulo.
• The analysis of CAR data remains the primary bottleneck in the implementation process. As of November 2023, only approximately 14.1% of all CAR registrations in Brazil have undergone either team-based or automated analysis, and only 2.7% have been fully concluded.
• Six states implemented automated CAR analysis tools in 2023: Amapá, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraná, and São Paulo. These tools are particularly effective for properties smaller than four fiscal modules that do not require data rectification or have no environmental liabilities.
• The total number of CAR registrations increased by 8.6% in the last year, reaching 7.24 million by November 2023. Bahia and Minas Gerais are the states with the highest number of registrations, both exceeding one million.
• The registration of Traditional Peoples and Communities (PCT) territories is advancing, with Maranhão (680), Bahia (345), and São Paulo (310) reporting the highest numbers of CAR/PCT registrations. Pará has implemented a specific methodology involving community participation and training.
• In 2023, the National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (Incra) operationalized the CAR Lot Module (MLC) to allow individualized registration for agrarian reform settlement lots. This tool is currently active in nine states: Goiás, Maranhão, Paraíba, Paraná, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Roraima, and Sergipe, resulting in 2,273 registrations.
• The state of Pará is noted for its active transparency and aggressive strategy in canceling irregular CARs over Indigenous Lands (TIs) and Conservation Units (UCs). Approximately 36% of the 2,608 CARs overlapping TIs in Pará have already been canceled.
• The transition of CAR management to the Ministry of Management and Innovation in Public Services (MGI) via Law No. 14.600/2023 has caused apprehension among states due to previous instabilities in the National CAR System (Sicar). As of the end of 2023, the Brazilian Forest Service (SFB) continued to manage the CAR database.
• The state of Goiás implemented a more flexible alternative procedure via the Environmental Declaration of the Property (DAI) through State Law No. 21.231/2022, extending the flexible regime for Legal Reserve liabilities until 2019, which contradicts federal law and has led to judicial challenges in the Supreme Federal Court (STF).
• The final stage of regularization—signing commitment terms—remains a distant goal for most of the country. However, Pará saw the number of signed terms increase sevenfold, and Mato Grosso saw a 50% increase compared to the previous year due to the unification of CAR analysis and PRA adhesion into a single procedural flow.
• Financial incentives are being used to encourage CAR analysis. CMN Resolution No. 5.021/2022 provides a 10% increase in the credit limit for producers whose CAR has been analyzed and is in conformity or undergoing regularization.

APA

Lopes, C. L., Segovia, M. E., & Chiavari, J. (2023). ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/OE-2023-Relatorio.pdf

Chicago

Lopes, Cristina Leme, Maria Eduarda Segovia, and Joana Chiavari. ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? Climate Policy Initiative, 2023. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/OE-2023-Relatorio.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Lopes |first1=Cristina Leme |last2=Segovia |first2=Maria Eduarda |last3=Chiavari |first3=Joana |title=ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=2023 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/OE-2023-Relatorio.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{lopes2023onde, author = {Lopes, Cristina Leme and Segovia, Maria Eduarda and Chiavari, Joana}, title = {{ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL?}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2023}, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/OE-2023-Relatorio.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }