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This report by the Climate Policy Initiative/PUC-Rio analyzes the strategic role of the Brazilian livestock sector in climate change mitigation, focusing on reducing methane emissions from enteric fermentation. It proposes a portfolio of solutions across land use, biological productivity, nutrition, and system management to align productivity gains with environmental sustainability.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the role of Brazilian cattle ranching in climate change, specifically focusing on methane emissions from enteric fermentation. It proposes a portfolio of solutions across land use, biological productivity, feed management, and production systems to increase productivity while reducing the sector's climate footprint. The document also evaluates existing public policies and provides recommendations to align agricultural growth with carbon neutrality goals.

This report provides a framework of priority actions for companies across the mining and mineral value chain to halt and reverse forest loss and degradation by 2030. It categorizes the sector into upstream, midstream, and downstream companies, offering specific guidance on nature-positive practices, traceability, and the protection of Indigenous rights to mitigate operational and reputational risks.

This 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-Rio evaluates the implementation of Brazil's Forest Code (Law No. 12,651/2012), focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Compliance Program (PRA). It details federal governance improvements to the National Rural Environmental Registry System (SICAR), the impact of Supreme Court rulings on land management integration, and the uneven progress of CAR validation and PRA adoption across Brazilian states.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-RIO analyzes the potential for carbon sequestration and economic growth in the Brazilian Amazon through forest restoration. It proposes the Reversing Deforestation Mechanism (RDM) as a jurisdictional, results-based payment system to complement existing conservation funds, estimating that natural regeneration could capture up to 26 GtCO2 and mobilize significant international finance.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-RIO) introduces a new economic-based methodology to assess the additionality of REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) carbon projects in the Brazilian Amazon. The study finds that 77% of the carbon traded in these projects is additional, meaning the forests would have been cleared without the projects' incentives. The report highlights regional variations in additionality and discusses the impact of land tenure issues and low agricultural productivity on project integrity, specifically citing the case of Portel, Pará.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative/PUC-Rio proposes a new economic-based methodology to evaluate the additionality of REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) carbon projects in the Brazilian Amazon. The study finds that while 77% of carbon traded in these projects is additional, significant regional variations exist, and some projects in isolated areas with low agricultural productivity lack additionality.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative, PUC-RIO, and Amazon 2030 analyzes how Amazon deforestation reduces rainfall and river flow, thereby decreasing electricity generation and revenue for Brazil's two largest hydroelectric power plants (HPPs), Itaipu and Belo Monte.

This report by Climate Policy Initiative and Amazônia 2030 analyzes the regulatory framework for legal gold mining (garimpo) in the Brazilian Amazon. It argues that current laws are anachronistic, treating industrial-scale operations as artisanal, which allows them to bypass critical environmental safeguards such as prior mineral research and rigorous environmental licensing. The authors recommend federal regulatory updates to mandate prior research for cooperatives and a reversal of simplified, municipalized licensing processes in the state of Pará to better mitigate socio-environmental damages.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and Amazônia 2030 analyzes how deforestation in the Amazon rainforest reduces rainfall and river flow, thereby decreasing electricity generation and revenue for Brazil's two largest hydroelectric plants: Itaipu and Belo Monte.

This 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) provides a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12.651/2012), specifically focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA) across Brazilian states. It details the transition of the National CAR System (Sicar) to a digital public infrastructure managed by Dataprev and the Ministry of Management and Innovation in Public Services (MGI), the adoption of automated analysis tools to accelerate CAR validation, and the persistent challenges in converting validated registries into effective forest restoration through the PRA.

This briefing examines the implementation of Brazil's Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and its technological platform (Sicar). It highlights a 2024 shift toward shared governance between the SFB and MGI and the migration of data to Dataprev. While automation tools like 'Análise Dinamizada' and 'CAR Digital' are increasing efficiency, only 3.3% of registries nationwide have completed the full analysis cycle due to data quality issues and technical constraints.

This 2024 report by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-RIO monitors the implementation of Brazil's Forest Code (Law No. 12,651/2012), specifically focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Compliance Program (PRA). It details the progress of various Brazilian states in registering rural properties, analyzing those registrations, and formalizing environmental recovery through Terms of Commitment (ToC).

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and Amazon 2030 analyzes legal partnership models in Brazilian administrative law to facilitate the large-scale restoration of degraded public lands, particularly in the Amazon. It evaluates the current standard of forestry concessions alongside alternatives such as ordinary tenders, common public service concessions, and Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), assessing their viability, risk distribution, and applicability to different land categories.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) and Amazônia 2030 analyzes legal partnership models for restoring degraded public lands in the Brazilian Amazon. It evaluates the current standard of forest concessions against alternatives such as common tenders, common public service concessions, and Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) to improve risk distribution and attract private investment through carbon markets.

This report analyzes international development and cooperation finance flows for land use in Brazil from 2021 to 2023, identifying multilateral development banks and international governments as the primary sources of funding, with a strong emphasis on the forest sector.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-RIO) analyzes climate finance for land use in Brazil from 2021 to 2023, focusing on agriculture and forests. It identifies a significant increase in annual average flows to US$ 17.1 billion, driven primarily by domestic private resources and rural credit. The document details the roles of various financial instruments, the impact of public policies like the Agricultural Plan and RENOVABIO, and the distribution of funds across mitigation, adaptation, and loss and damage objectives.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-RIO) analyzes how deforestation in the Amazon rainforest reduces rainfall patterns, thereby jeopardizing hydroelectric power generation in Brazil. Through case studies of the Teles Pires HPP and plants in the Paraná Basin, the study demonstrates that the loss of forest vegetation reduces the moisture carried by 'flying rivers,' leading to lower river volumes and significant revenue losses for energy producers, even for plants located thousands of kilometers from the Amazon biome.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes deforestation within agrarian reform settlements in the Brazilian Amazon. It finds that while settlements cover only 8% of the biome, they accounted for 24% of forest loss in 2023. The study highlights a high concentration of deforestation in a small number of 'critical' settlements and suggests that this loss is likely driven by external actors rather than the settled families, as the scale of clearing is inconsistent with family farming.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-RIO) analyzes deforestation within agrarian reform settlements in the Brazilian Amazon. It finds that while these settlements occupy only 8% of the biome, they accounted for 24% of forest loss in 2023. The analysis reveals a high concentration of deforestation in a small number of settlements and suggests that this loss is driven by external actors rather than the resident settler population, as evidenced by the prevalence of large-scale clearing.