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The document examines the challenges of implementing climate-resilient development in the peri-urban areas of Uttar Pradesh, India, where rapid urbanisation and climate change are impacting small-scale farmers. It argues that current urban policies, such as the Smart Cities Mission, treat populations as homogeneous and fail to address the specific vulnerabilities of women and low-income groups. The text identifies structural governance failures, a lack of gender-disaggregated data, and the siloed management of urban and rural areas as key barriers. To foster resilience, it recommends targeted interventions for women, the strengthening of community institutions to overcome governance constraints, and the sensitisation of urban local bodies to gender issues.

The document highlights how a gender-responsive approach and the introduction of 'women-friendly' tools accelerated the adoption of climate-smart agriculture in Nepal's Gandaki province. It identifies key barriers to implementation, such as government staff's lack of technical knowledge and male bias in technology design, and outlines strategies to overcome them, including 'travelling seminars' for political leaders and site-specific agricultural plans.

The document examines the vulnerability of agriculture-based livelihoods to climate hazards in peri-urban Gorakhpur and argues that climate-resilient development requires gender-responsive strategies. It identifies structural governance gaps, such as the lack of gender sensitisation in urban local bodies and the siloed management of urban, peri-urban, and rural areas, as barriers to inclusive resilience. The report advocates for a two-pronged strategy: sensitising policy-makers and planners while engaging diverse social groups, particularly women, through participatory methods and community-based institutions to ensure their needs and priorities are addressed in climate-compatible development.

The scoping report identifies a general consensus on the importance of gender-responsive climate action in Ethiopia but highlights significant gaps in institutionalization, accountability, and technical expertise. While the Climate-Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) Strategy and National Adaptation Plan (NAP) have undergone gender analyses, the report finds that attitudinal barriers and a lack of coordination between gender directorates and climate coordination offices hinder implementation. It specifically notes that sectors like transport and urban planning are overlooked compared to agriculture, and recommends the establishment of a Standing Committee and a Gender Readiness Fund to bridge these gaps.

The document examines the causes of annual flooding in Accra, Ghana, and advocates for the integration of nature-based solutions, specifically ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA), alongside traditional infrastructure. It highlights the need for coordinated management across municipal and district assemblies to address shared waterways and drainage systems.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) Proposal Toolkit 2020 serves as a technical manual for entities seeking climate finance for developing countries. It outlines the essential roles of National Designated Authorities (NDAs), Accredited Entities (AEs), and Executing Entities (EEs), and provides a ten-step methodology for proposal development. Key design requirements include a strong climate rationale, a Theory of Change, and a logical framework aligned with GCF's investment criteria. The guide emphasizes the integration of environmental and social safeguards, gender action plans, and indigenous peoples' policies. It also details the financial instruments available—grants, concessional loans, equity, and guarantees—and explains the approval pathways, including the Simplified Approval Process (SAP) for smaller, low-risk projects.

The case study describes a climate-smart agricultural model launched in 2014 by Swayam Shikshan Prayog (SSP) to support women farmers in the drought-prone Marathwada region of Maharashtra. By promoting sustainable farming, diversifying livelihoods, and improving water management, the model has reduced farming costs and improved soil fertility and food security. The initiative has scaled to reach over 60,000 women farmers across 810 villages in six districts.

In January 2019, Ahmedabad raised approximately $26.2 million through municipal bonds to fund green projects, including waste management, water supply, and the cleaning of the Sabarmati River. The case study highlights that green municipal bonds are effective for climate-resilient infrastructure due to their long tenors (10-20 years) and suitability for large-scale projects. Success factors for such issuances include a city's strong financial risk profile, good credit ratings, operational performance, and governance. Additionally, the document notes the role of the Indian government's Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation and the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in incentivising market-based financing and easing issuance rules to allow foreign portfolio investment.

The Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) successfully raised 200 crore Indian rupees (INR) through municipal bonds in January 2019 to fund green projects, including waste management, water supply, and the cleaning of the Sabarmati River. The bonds were oversubscribed 5.42 times, receiving INR 1,085 crore in subscriptions from 19 institutions. This success is attributed to AMC's AA+ credit rating from CRISIL and India Ratings, reflecting strong financial health and operational efficiency. The document highlights the role of the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) and the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in incentivising and easing the rules for municipal bond issuance to support climate-resilient infrastructure.

The Rajkot Municipal Corporation, with support from the CapaCITIES project, installed a 145 kWp grid-connected solar PV system at the Aji water treatment plant. The installation, costing INR 8.5 million, was co-financed by the municipality and CapaCITIES. Between July 2018 and August 2019, the system generated 224,150 kWp of electricity and mitigated 184 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions, providing nearly one-fifth of the plant's power needs. The project used online software for real-time monitoring of power generation and monetary savings, which helped build a business case for scaling the solution. Following this success, the municipality proposed a 250 kWp system at the Rajyadhar wastewater treatment plant and commissioned a feasibility study for other plants in the city.

The document examines the Green Transformation Fund (GTF), a $200 million initiative by Bangladesh Bank to reduce the environmental footprint of Bangladesh's garment and manufacturing industries by providing loans for green capital machinery.

The document examines the use of Bhungroo, an innovative rainwater harvesting system, to support underprivileged female farmers in Gujarat, India. By providing women with ownership of the technology and the technical skills to manage it, the initiative has improved agricultural productivity, reduced groundwater salinity, and increased women's decision-making power and social status. The project has reached over 20,000 marginal farmers and contributed to the reverse migration of approximately 6,100 farmers back to rural areas.

The document highlights the success of the Basundhara Forum, a 148-member women-led cooperative in Bangladesh's Gopalganj district. By combining technical training in alternative livelihoods and disaster-risk reduction with leadership and organisational skills, the forum has increased members' incomes and confidence. By 2015, 80 percent of the forum's women were self-sufficient. Beyond economic gains, these forums enable women to participate in participatory vulnerability assessments and gender-sensitive adaptation planning, while advocating for their needs with local government officials.

The case study examines the Solar Pump Irrigators’ Cooperatives Enterprise (SPICE) in Dhundi, Gujarat, which uses solar pumps to provide irrigation and sell excess electricity to the grid. This model has increased farmer incomes, reduced water costs for buyers, and lowered carbon emissions by replacing diesel pumps. Key success factors include a 25-year power purchase agreement with the local utility, MGVCL, and a financial structure combining farmer contributions with research grants. The project demonstrates that solar power can act as a 'cash crop' for farmers, provided incentives exist to prevent groundwater over-exploitation.

The document details a climate-smart agricultural model in Maharashtra, India, that empowers rural women by combining sustainable farming techniques, financial support, and capacity building. Since 2015, 41,000 women have adopted the model, managing 30,000 acres of dry land through organic farming and water conservation. The approach has increased crop yields by 25%, raised incomes by 25%, and saved households approximately US$497 annually. Key components include the use of local seeds, biopesticides, drip irrigation, and the creation of a community-resilient fund. The model has since scaled to over 60,000 women across 810 villages in Maharashtra and has been replicated in Bihar and Odisha.

The report outlines a four-step process—sector prioritization, landscape assessment, barrier identification, and intervention execution—to unlock private climate finance. Drawing from the International Climate Initiative Mobilizing Investment (IKI MI) program, it identifies common barriers such as unfavorable taxes, high capital costs, and a lack of proof points. It recommends that governments level the playing field by making low-carbon solutions commercially competitive against fossil-fuel alternatives and providing pilot projects to demonstrate business viability.

The document introduces a guide produced by CDKN, ODI, SSN, and ICLEI that extracts South Asia-specific data from the IPCC's 2019 Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate. It highlights that human-driven climate change is altering ocean chemistry and temperature, harming marine life and dependent populations, and causing sea level rise and cryosphere changes in high mountain Asia. The guide emphasizes that early mitigation and future-proofing coastal development are essential to reduce risks and costs.

The guide outlines a simulation game where participants act as subsistence farmers managing assets (beans) against climate risks (droughts and floods). The game progresses from a gender-neutral phase to one that introduces systemic inequalities—such as lower starting assets for women and lower harvest payouts—to spark dialogue on climate vulnerability. An optional 'gender-smart programming' round demonstrates how targeted interventions can equalize outcomes by providing equal starting assets and harvest rewards regardless of gender.

The document details how human-induced climate change is altering ocean chemistry and temperature, leading to acidification, oxygen loss, and rising sea levels that threaten African coastal communities and marine biodiversity. It highlights the melting of high-mountain glaciers in East Africa, affecting water security and increasing landslide risks. The guide emphasizes that urgent greenhouse gas emission reductions are the primary way to limit these damages, while early investment in disaster risk reduction and nature-based solutions, such as 'blue carbon' ecosystems, can reduce future costs and enhance resilience.

The document outlines how gender and social inclusion are addressed across four major international frameworks: the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the UN Commission on the Status of Women (CSW), the Paris Agreement, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. It highlights that while SDG 5 is dedicated to gender equality, other frameworks like the Paris Agreement integrate gender primarily in adaptation and preamble sections rather than mitigation. The Sendai Framework emphasizes inclusive policies and the needs of disproportionately affected people in disaster risk management.